Kodi nthawi zonse mumadwala? Zingakhale chifukwa cha Primary Immunodeficiency!

Kodi inu kapena wina m'banja mwanu mumadwala pafupipafupi? Kodi nthawi zina mumadwala chimfine kapena fuluwenza, koma zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti muchire? Kapena mumadwalanso matenda omwewo mobwerezabwereza? Nthawi zina chifukwa cha izi chingakhale kufooka kwa chitetezo chamthupi chathu, chomwe chimalimbana ndi matenda. Lero tikambirana za vuto lotere, lomwe ndi vuto lalikulu la chitetezo chamthupi, kapena monga momwe limatchulidwira mu Chingerezi `(Primary Immunodeficiency)`.

Kodi Vuto Loyamba la Chitetezo cha Mthupi (Primary Immunodeficiency) ndi Chiyani?

Mwachidule, vuto lalikulu la chitetezo chamthupi ndi gulu la matenda opitilira 400 osiyanasiyana omwe chitetezo chathu chamthupi sichigwira ntchito bwino . Taganizirani izi motere: thupi lathu lili ngati linga. Pali asilikali oteteza linga ili. Asilikali amenewo ndi chitetezo chathu chamthupi. Chifukwa chake, ngati asilikaliwa ndi ofooka, kapena ngati sakugwira ntchito bwino, adani akunja, omwe ndi majeremusi opatsirana (mabakiteriya, mavairasi, ndi zina zotero), amatha kulowa m'thupi mosavuta ndikuyambitsa matenda.

Mayina ena angapo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa vutoli:

• Matenda oyamba a chitetezo chamthupi.
• Matenda Oyamba a Chitetezo cha Mthupi (PIDD).
• Zolakwa Zobadwa Nazo za Chitetezo cha Mthupi (IEI).

Matendawa nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini athu, komwe kumatchedwa "masinthidwe a majini." Izi nthawi zambiri zimapatsiridwa kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo kupita ku mibadwomibadwo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndi zobadwa nazo . Koma nthawi zina munthu amatha kudwala matendawa popanda mbiri ya banja. Madokotala amachichiza mwa kupewa ndi kulamulira matenda, komanso kusintha ziwalo zina za chitetezo chamthupi zomwe sizili bwino.

Kodi zitsanzo za vuto loyamba la chitetezo chamthupi ndi ziti?

Monga ndanenera kale, pali mitundu yoposa 400 ya matenda oyambitsidwa ndi chitetezo chamthupi. Mtundu uliwonse ndi wosiyana, ndipo kuopsa kwake kumasiyana . Ndicho chifukwa chake zaka zomwe matendawa amawonekera zimatha kusiyana. Mitundu ina imayambitsa mavuto mwana akangobadwa, ali wakhanda. Choncho amatha kuzindikirika msanga. Koma pali mitundu ina yomwe si yoopsa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake simungadziwe kuti muli ndi vutoli mpaka mutakula.

Nazi zitsanzo za izi:

• Kusowa kwa chitetezo chamthupi chofanana (CVID)
• Ataxia-telangiectasia
• Matenda Osatha a Granulomatous (CGD)
• Matenda a DiGeorge
• Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis `(Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis)`
• Kusowa kwa IgA yosankha
• Agammaglobulinemia yolumikizidwa ndi X

Tsopano, musasokonezeke ndi mayina awa. Awa ndi mawu azachipatala chabe. Chofunika kwambiri ndikupempha upangiri wa dokotala ngati muli ndi kukayikira kulikonse ngati muli ndi vutoli.

Kodi zizindikiro za vuto loyamba la chitetezo chamthupi ndi ziti?

Kwa anthu ambiri, chizindikiro choyamba cha kusowa kwa chitetezo chamthupi ndi matenda obwerezabwereza, osatha, kapena matenda osazolowereka omwe ndi ovuta kuchiza . Matendawa akhoza kukhala oopsa kwambiri , kapena achibale ena angakhale ndi mavuto ofanana.

Zizindikiro zina zomwe zingawonekere ndi izi:

• Kumwa maantibayotiki kangapo kuti muchiritse matenda.
• Mavuto omwe amabuka mutalandira katemera wamoyo.
• Nkhumba yokulirapo (Nkhumba ndi chiwalo chomwe chili kumtunda kumanzere kwa mimba yathu chomwe chimathandiza chitetezo cha mthupi).
• Ma lymph nodes otupa (omwe amamva ngati ziphuphu m'dzanja).
• Kuchepetsa thupi kapena kulephera kukula (makamaka kwa ana aang'ono).
• Mavuto obwera chifukwa cha kugaya chakudya monga kutsegula m'mimba.
• Matenda a autoimmune ( mikhalidwe yomwe chitetezo chamthupi lathu chimaukira maselo athu).

Tangoganizirani, mwana wanu ali ndi malungo ndi chifuwa kamodzi kapena kawiri pamwezi ndipo amafunika kupatsidwa mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kapena, nthawi zonse amakhala ndi ziphuphu zoopsa pakhungu lawo, zomwe zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti zichiritsidwe. Ngati zinthuzi zikupitirira kuchitika, muyenera kuda nkhawa nazo.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa izi?

Monga ndanenera kale, vuto lalikulu la chitetezo chamthupi limayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini komwe kumakhudza mbali zina za chitetezo chathu chamthupi, monga maselo ndi mapuloteni . Kusintha kwa majini kumeneku kungayambitse mbali zina za chitetezo chathu chamthupi ku:

• Zingakhale zochepa kuposa zachizolowezi.
• Zingakhale ndi vuto .
• Ikhoza kutha ngakhale kotheratu .

Pakati pa 50% ndi 60% ya matenda amenewa amayamba chifukwa cha zolakwika m'maselo otchedwa B lymphocytes (maselo a B) . Maselo a B awa ndi mtundu wapadera wa selo m'thupi lathu. Ndi omwe amapanga ma antibodies , mapuloteni apadera omwe amathandiza kuwononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi omwe amalowa m'thupi lathu. Ndiye tangoganizirani, ngati maselo a B awa sagwira ntchito bwino, ngati sapanga ma antibodies, matupi athu amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda, eti?

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa?

Aliyense akhoza kudwala PIDD. Koma ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali nayo, inunso mungakhale nayo . Nthawi zambiri, matenda oyamba a chitetezo chamthupi amayamba munthu asanakwanitse zaka 20. Komanso, kwa amunaAmanenanso kuti vutoli ndi lofala.

Kodi izi zingayambitse mavuto otani?

Kusowa kwa chitetezo chamthupi koyambirira kungawonjezere chiopsezo cha zovuta pambuyo pake. Izi zitha kuphatikizapo matenda a autoimmune kapena khansa zina . Ngati sichinachiritsidwe, PIDD ingayambitse matenda oopsa kwambiri .

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji izi?

Dokotala wanu adzadziwa ngati muli ndi PIDD mwa kuwunikanso mbiri yanu yachipatala komanso ya banja lanu, kuyezetsa thupi, ndikuchita mayeso angapo a labotale .

Kuti atsimikizire matendawa, dokotala wanu akhoza kuyitanitsa mayeso monga:

• Kuyezetsa magazi: Izi zimatha kuzindikira zolakwika zinazake mu chitetezo cha mthupi (monga kuchepa kwa ma antibodies kapena kuchepa kwa maselo a chitetezo cha mthupi).
• Mayeso a majini: Kuzindikira zolakwika m'majini, mwachitsanzo kusintha kwa majini.
• Flow cytometry: Iyi ndi njira yowunikira zitsanzo za maselo a chitetezo chamthupi pogwiritsa ntchito laser beams yapadera.

Kuphatikiza apo, m'maiko ena, monga ku United States, kuyezetsa makanda obadwa kumene kumachitika pafupifupi kwa makanda onse kuti awone ngati ali ndi vuto lalikulu la chitetezo chamthupi chophatikizana (SCID). Izi zimathandiza kuzindikira ndi kuchiza makanda omwe ali ndi vuto lalikululi msanga.

Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?

Ngati mwapezeka ndi matenda a chitetezo chamthupi, cholinga chachikulu cha chithandizo ndikuwongolera matenda omwe alipo komanso kupewa matenda ena amtsogolo. Chithandizo chenicheni chomwe mungalandire chidzadalira mtundu wa matenda omwe muli nawo komanso mtundu wa PIDD.

Dokotala wanu angapereke mankhwala monga:

• Mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: Kupewa kapena kuchiza matenda oyambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya.
• Mankhwala oletsa mavairasi: Amathandiza kuchira matenda oyambitsidwa ndi mavairasi.
• Chitetezo chamthupi: Izi zitha kuperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha (IV) kapena pansi pa khungu. Zimagwira ntchito posintha ziwalo zina za chitetezo chamthupi zomwe sizikupezeka (monga ma antibodies omwe ali otsika kwambiri).

Nthawi zina, opaleshoni ingafunike kuti ithetse mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matenda. Mwachitsanzo, ngati pali thumba (mafinya omwe ali mkati mwa chiwalo), likhoza kuchotsedwa opaleshoni kuti litulutse mafinya. Izi zingathandize kuchepetsa ululu ndikufulumizitsa kuchira.

Pa milandu yoopsa kwambiri, dokotala angachite opaleshoni yoika maselo oyambira.Zingalimbikitsidwe. Izi zimaphatikizapo kusintha maselo a chitetezo chamthupi omwe ali ndi vuto kapena omwe atayika ndi maselo atsopano. Mu izi, maselo oyambira (omwe amatha kukhala mitundu ina ya maselo) omwe atengedwa kuchokera kwa wopereka amalowetsedwa m'thupi lanu. Pakapita nthawi, maselo oyambira awa amakula kukhala maselo abwinobwino a chitetezo chamthupi.

Chithandizo cha majini chakhalanso njira yothandiza kwambiri yochiritsira mitundu ina ya PIDD.

Kodi vuto loyamba la chitetezo chamthupi lingapewedwe?

Popeza matenda ambiri a PIDD amayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini , palibe njira yowapewera. Komabe, ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi vuto lalikulu la chitetezo chamthupi, mungafune kuganizira za uphungu wa majini . Izi zingakupatseni chidziwitso ndi malangizo ambiri.

Kodi tsogolo la anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli lidzakhala lotani? (Kuneneratu)

Ndi chithandizo choyenera, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi PIDD amatha kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi. Nthawi zina, mungafunike kumwa mankhwala kwa moyo wanu wonse. Muyeneranso kuyesetsa kupewa matenda . Nazi malangizo ena okuthandizani:

• Khalani ndi chizolowezi chosamba m'manja bwino — sambani m'manja mwanu bwino ndi sopo ndi madzi. Onetsetsani kuti mwasamba m'manja musanadye komanso mutadya, mutagwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi, mutakhudza nyama, komanso mutakhudza chilichonse chodetsedwa.
• Pewani malo odzaza anthu komanso anthu odwala .
• Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu okhudza kulandira katemera molondola.
• Pumulani mokwanira .
• Tsatirani zakudya zabwino komanso dongosolo lochita masewera olimbitsa thupi lomwe likuyenererani.

Ngati ndili ndi vuto la chitetezo chamthupi, kapena ngati ndikukayikira kuti ndili nalo, ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi matenda omwe satha, ndi oopsa kwambiri, kapena akubwereranso, pitani kwa dokotala kuti akaone ngati muli ndi PIDD. Ngati muli kale ndi PIDD, uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati muli ndi malungo kapena zizindikiro zilizonse za matenda . Izi ndizofunikira kuti mupewe mavuto.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Ngati mukukayikira vutoli, kapena ngati mwapeza kuti muli nalo, mutha kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso monga awa:

• Kodi ndi mtundu wanji wa vuto loyamba la chitetezo chamthupi lomwe ndili nalo?
• Kodi izi zingalowe m'malo mwa ana anga?
• Kodi mumalimbikitsa chithandizo chamtundu wanji?
• Kodi zotsatirapo zake zingakhale zotani? Kodi ndiyenera kuda nkhawa bwanji nazo?
• Ndi mavuto ati omwe angachitike chifukwa cha vutoli?

Kukhala ndi matenda okhudzana ndi vuto la chitetezo chamthupi choyambirira kungakhale kovuta. Matenda obwerezabwereza, osatha, komanso ovuta kuchiza akhoza kukhala ofooketsa kwambiri, komanso angakhudze kwambiri thanzi lanu la maganizo.

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Koma simukuyenera kudutsa ulendowu nokha. Pemphani dokotala wanu kuti akuthandizeni kupeza gulu lothandizira komwe mungalankhule ndikugawana malingaliro ndi ena omwe adakumanapo ndi zomwezo. Izi zitha kukhala gwero lalikulu la mphamvu.

Pomaliza, kumbukirani izi (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, nazi zinthu zina zofunika kuzikumbukira mwachidule zokhudza Primary Immunodeficiency yomwe takambirana lero:

• Uwu ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kufooka kwa chitetezo chamthupi chathu , nthawi zambiri kutengera zomwe zimayambitsa majini .
• Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zazikulu ndi matenda opatsirana pafupipafupi komanso oopsa omwe amatenga nthawi yayitali kuti achire .
• Pali mitundu yambiri ya izi, kotero zizindikiro ndi kuopsa kwake zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi munthu aliyense.
• Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuzindikira matendawa ndi kulandira chithandizo choyenera msanga .
• Ndi chithandizo, matendawa amatha kuthetsedwa ndipo anthu ambiri amatha kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino .
• Ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu kuti mudziteteze ku matenda .

Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi zizindikiro izi, musazengereze kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala. Mukapezeka ndi matendawa mwachangu, chithandizocho chidzakhala chopambana. Thanzi labwino kwa onse!

` Kusowa kwa chitetezo chamthupi, Chitetezo chamthupi, Matenda, Kusintha kwa majini, PIDD, Chithandizo, Zizindikiro