Kodi mumamvanso kupuma movutikira kapena kupuma movutikira mukamachita khama, kukwera masitepe, kapena kuchita ntchito wamba? Nthawi zina chifukwa cha izi chingakhale magazi akale omwe akhala m'mapapo mwanu kwa nthawi yayitali. Nthawi zambiri, ngakhale mutayesa kuwongolera vutoli ndi mankhwala, ngati sizikugwira ntchito, madokotala amakutumizirani ku opaleshoni yapadera yomwe ingakupulumutseni moyo. Lero tikulankhula za opaleshoni yovuta, koma yofunika kwambiri, PTE.
Kodi opaleshoni ya PTE iyi ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, PTE ndi chidule cha Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy . Iyi ndi njira yochitira opaleshoni yomwe imachotsa magazi akale ndi minofu ya zipsera zomwe zakhazikika m'mitsempha yayikulu yamagazi (mitsempha ya m'mapapo) m'mapapo mwanu. Iyi ndi njira yovuta pang'ono yomwe imafuna chidziwitso chapadera. Koma imatha kuchiritsa odwala ena kwathunthu.
Ndi matenda ati omwe amachiritsidwa ndi opaleshoni ya PTE?
Opaleshoni iyi imachitika makamaka pochiza matenda otchedwa CTEPH (Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension) . Mungaganize kuti, 'Imeneyo ndi dzina lalitali kwambiri,' sichoncho? Tiyeni tisunge zinthu mophweka.
Tangoganizani, wina ali ndi magazi oundana m'mapapo mwake. Timatcha ``Pulmonary Embolism (PE)``. Nthawi zambiri, magazi oundana awa amasungunuka akapatsidwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi. Koma nthawi zambiri, mwa anthu ena, magazi oundana awa sasungunuka kwathunthu, koma amamatira kumakoma a mitsempha yamagazi m'mapapo, ndipo pakapita nthawi, amasanduka minofu ya zipsera.
Pamene magazi oundana akale ndi minofu ya zipsera zikutseka mitsempha ya magazi m'mapapo, kuthamanga kwa magazi mkati mwa mitsemphayo kumakhala kokwera kwambiri. Ndicho chimene timachitcha CTEPH.
Izi zimapangitsa kuti mbali yakumanja ya mtima igwire ntchito molimbika kuti ipompe magazi kupita ku mapapo. Pakapita nthawi, izi zingayambitse matenda aakulu monga kulephera kwa mtima ndi kuwonongeka kwa mapapo. Chithandizo chokhacho chomwe chingachiritse CTEPH ndi opaleshoni ya PTE.
Ndani akufunika opaleshoni iyi? Kodi aliyense angaichite?
Ngati muli ndi CTEPH, zinthu zingapo zidzatsimikizira ngati mungathe kuchitidwa opaleshoni ya PTE.
| Kuganizira | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Kuopsa kwa zizindikiro | Zizindikiro zanu zimakhala zoopsa bwanji, monga kupuma movutikira komanso kupuma movutikira. |
| Malo a magazi oundana | Mfundo yakuti magazi oundana ndi minofu ya zipsera zimapezeka m'malo omwe zingachotsedwe bwino mwa opaleshoni. |
| Thanzi lanu lonse | Zaka zanu, ntchito ya mtima ndi mapapo, komanso ngati muli ndi matenda ena ndizofunikira. |
Si odwala onse a CTEPH omwe ali oyenerera opaleshoni iyi. Pafupifupi 40% ya odwala sakuyenera opaleshoni iyi. Chifukwa chake ndi chakuti ndi opaleshoni yovuta kwambiri.
N’chifukwa chiyani opaleshoniyi ndi yovuta kwambiri?
Tangoganizirani kuti panthawi ya opaleshoni, mtima ndi mapapo anu amaikidwa pa makina odulira magazi kuti athandize pa ntchito zina. Kenako, kuti dokotala wa opaleshoni azitha kuona mkati mwa mapapo anu, kutentha kwa thupi lanu kumatsika kufika madigiri 18 Celsius (65°F), ndipo magazi anu amasiya kuyenda kwa kanthawi. Izi zimatchedwa 'deep hypothermic circulatory arrest.' Musadandaule, njirayi imalola dokotala wa opaleshoni kuchotsa magazi ndi zipsera bwino kwambiri pamene akuteteza ubongo wanu ku kuwonongeka kulikonse.
Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji opaleshoni?
Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani malangizo onse omwe mukufunikira musanachite opaleshoni. Nthawi zambiri amakuuzani kuti musamale zinthu izi:
- Mankhwala: Mudzapemphedwa kuti musiye kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi (monga aspirin ndi warfarin) ndi mankhwala ena ochepetsa ululu (NSAIDs) masiku angapo opaleshoni isanachitike, chifukwa izi zitha kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha kutuluka magazi panthawi ya opaleshoni.
- Chakudya ndi chakumwa: Mudzapemphedwa kuti musale kudya (osadya kapena kumwa) kwa maola angapo musanachite opaleshoni. Ndi bwino kukhala ndi m'mimba yopanda kanthu mukapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu.
- Kusuta ndi mowa: Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito zonse ziwiri, ndikofunikira kwambiri kusiya kwathunthu musanachite opaleshoni, chifukwa zimachedwetsa kuchira ndipo zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha zovuta.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni?
Mukachita opaleshoni, mudzalowetsedwa mu chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU). Mudzakhala komweko usiku womwewo. M'mawa wotsatira, adzafufuza ngati mungathe kupuma nokha kenako adzachotsa chopumira.
Nthawi zambiri mudzakhala m'chipatala kwa masiku 7 mpaka 10. Panthawiyi, mudzayamba kuyenda pang'onopang'ono. Mudzayesedwanso kuti muwone ngati mukufuna mpweya musanapite kunyumba. Izi ndi zofanana ndi zomwe zimachitika mutachira opaleshoni ya mtima.
Kodi ubwino ndi zoopsa zake ndi ziti?
Monga opaleshoni iliyonse, PTE ili ndi ubwino ndi zoopsa zonse.
| Ubwino | Zoopsa |
|---|---|
| Kuthekera kochira kwathunthu kuchokera ku CTEPH. | Chiwopsezo cha imfa panthawi ya opaleshoni (tsopano ndi 1%). |
| Kusintha kwakukulu pa kupuma ndi luso lochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. | Chiwopsezo cha sitiroko (1%-2%). |
| Kubwezeretsa kuwonongeka kwa mbali yakumanja ya mtima. | Matenda oopsa a m'mapapo (PH) amakhalabe pamlingo winawake ngakhale atachitidwa opaleshoni. |
| Kutha kukhala ndi moyo wautali komanso wathanzi pambuyo pa opaleshoni. | Kusonkhanitsa madzi ozungulira mtima (pericardial effusion). |
Zadzidzidzi!
Ngati mukumva kupweteka pachifuwa mwadzidzidzi, kupuma movutikira, kapena kukomoka mutachita opaleshoni, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yodzidzimutsa ya chipatala chapafupi (ETU) nthawi yomweyo. Komanso, ngati mukumva zizindikiro monga kutupa, kufiira, mafinya, kapena kutentha thupi pamalo ochitira opaleshoni, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
Kodi nthawi yochira imakhala bwanji?
Zimatenga pafupifupi miyezi itatu kuti munthu achire bwino.
- Masabata 6 oyambirira: Osayendetsa galimoto, kupita kuntchito, kapena kunyamula katundu wolemera kuposa 4.5 kg (10 lbs).
- Masabata 7 mpaka 12: Amatha kunyamula katundu wolemera mpaka 11 kg (25 lbs).
- Pambuyo pa masabata 12: Nthawi zambiri palibe zoletsa.
Kupuma kwanu ndi luso lanu lochita masewera olimbitsa thupi zitha kukwera pang'onopang'ono mpaka zaka 4 mutachita opaleshoni.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Ngakhale kuti PTE ndi opaleshoni yovuta kuchotsa magazi akale m'mapapo, imatha kuchiritsa kwathunthu matenda otchedwa CTEPH.
- Opaleshoni iyi si ya aliyense. Dokotala wanu ndi gulu la akatswiri adzasankha ngati ndi yoyenera kwa inu.
- Ngakhale kuti nthawi yochira imakhala yayitali pang'ono, moyo wanu, mphamvu yanu yopumira, komanso kuyenda kwanu zidzasintha kwambiri mutachita opaleshoni.
- Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, muyenera kumwa mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana kwa moyo wanu wonse kuti magazi asaundanenso.
- Ndikofunikira kuonana ndi dokotala wanu nthawi yake ndikuyesedwa. Musaope kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za vuto lililonse lomwe mukukumana nalo.
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