Tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule za matenda omwe amakhudza pakati ndi kunja kwa impso (Matenda a Renal Parenchymal)!

Impso m'thupi lathu zili ngati antchito osalankhula, sichoncho? Zimagwira ntchito zambiri popanda ife kuzindikira. Zimatsuka magazi athu tsiku lonse, zimalamulira kuchuluka kwa madzi m'thupi, ndikuchotsa zinyalala zosafunikira. Koma nthawi zina, impso izi zimakhalanso ndi mavuto. Lero tikambirana za matenda omwe amakhudza impso zotere. Umenewo ndi matenda a impso, kapena mu Chingerezi (Matenda a impso) . Dzinali lingamveke lovuta pang'ono mukalimva, koma tiyeni tilimvetse mosavuta.

Kodi Matenda a Impso a Parenchymal ndi Chiyani?

Mwachidule, ili ndi gulu la matenda omwe amawononga impso. Limakhudza kwambiri gawo la impso lotchedwa Parenchyma'' . Tsopano mwina mukudabwa kuti parenchyma iyi ndi chiyani. Ndiko kuti, zigawo zazikulu za impso zomwe zimagwira ntchito, kapena zimathandiza kugwira ntchito kwa impso. Parenchyma iyi ili ndi zigawo ziwiri zazikulu:

1. Renal Cortex : Iyi ndi mbali yakunja kwa impso. Tinthu ting'onoting'ono tosefera mu impso zathu, totchedwa nephrons , timayambira apa. Ma nephrons awa ali ngati zosefera zazing'ono. Ali ndi magawo awiri. Chimodzi ndi mtsempha wamagazi wotchedwa glomerulus . China ndi chubu chaching'ono chotchedwa renal tubule .

• Malo oyamba kumene magazi amasefedwa ndi glomeruli .
• Ntchito ya machubu a impso ndiyo kuyamwanso madzi, michere, ndi mchere wofunikira m'thupi ndi kutulutsa zinyalala zosafunikira kudzera mu mkodzo.
• Kuphatikiza apo, impso ya cortex imapanganso mahomoni otchedwa Erythropoietin (EPO) . Homoni iyi ya (EPO) imathandiza Bone Marrow yathu kupanga maselo ofiira a magazi.

2. Renal Medulla : Iyi ili mkati mwa impso. Ma nephrons ambiri ali m'chigawo ichi.

Choncho, madokotala amatcha vuto lililonse lomwe limakhudza cortex kapena medulla ya impso kuti ndi matenda a impso. Amatchedwanso ndi mayina ena, mwachitsanzo, matenda a impso a bilateral parenchyma, ndi matenda a impso parenchymal.

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya matendawa ndi iti?

Matendawa akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu:

• Matenda a impso owopsa : Izi zimayamba mwadzidzidzi.
• Matenda a Impso Osatha : Izi zimayenda pang'onopang'ono ndipo zimatha kwa nthawi yayitali.

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Kodi matendawa ndi oopsa?

Zimatengera chifukwa ndi kuopsa kwa vutoli. Matenda ena ofooka amatha kuchira ndi chithandizo. Koma pamavuto akulu,Zitha kupita patsogolo kukhala 'Kulephera kwa Impso.' Monga mukudziwa, kulephera kwa impso ndi chinthu chomwe chingakhale choopsa ngati sichinachiritsidwe.

Kodi zizindikiro zoyambirira zomwe zingadziwike ndi ziti?

Kawirikawiri, palibe zizindikiro zazikulu kumayambiriro kwa matendawa. Ndicho chimene chimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoopsa pang'ono. Koma matendawa akamakula ndipo impso zanu zikulephera kugwira ntchito, mungakumane ndi zizindikiro monga izi:

• Magazi mu mkodzo (Hematuria)
• Khungu louma komanso loyabwa
• Kumva kutopa kwambiri
• Chilakolako cha chakudya
• Kuchepa kwa maselo ofiira m'magazi (Anemia)
• Kusanza ndi kusanza
• Kutulutsa mkodzo wambiri kuposa masiku onse
• Kutupa mozungulira maso
• Kutupa kwa manja, mapazi, ndi akakolo (Edema)

Ngati muli ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zizindikirozi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukaonana ndi dokotala.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa izi?

Zifukwa ziwiri zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a impso ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi matenda a shuga . Komabe, pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zina:

• Matenda a Autoimmune , monga Lupus Nephritis
• Glomerulonephritis (kutupa kwa mayunitsi osefera a impso)
• Khansa ya Impso
• Matenda a Impso a Polycystic (ma cysts a impso)
• Matenda a Sickle Cell

Zinthu zomwe zingayambitse matenda a impso mwadzidzidzi (aakulu) ndi awa:

• Matenda oopsa kwambiri (Anaphylaxis)
• Matenda a bakiteriya
• Miyala ya Impso
• Matenda a Impso
• Pulmonary Embolism (magazi kuundana mu mtsempha wamagazi wopita ku mapapo)
• Kutaya Madzi M'thupi Kwambiri
• Matenda a Virus

Mankhwala ena angayambitsenso vutoli la (Acute). Zitsanzo:

• Zoletsa ma enzyme otembenuza angiotensin (ACE Inhibitors)
• Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
• Mankhwala Oletsa Kutupa Osagwiritsa Ntchito Ma steroid (NSAIDs) (monga Ibuprofen, Diclofenac)

Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matendawa?

Aliyense akhoza kudwala matendawa, koma muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu ngati muli ndi zotsatirazi:

• Ngati wina aliyense m'banjamo ali ndi matenda a impso parenchyma awa
• Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga
• Ngati muli ndi matenda a mtima
• Ngati muli ndi High Blood Pressure

Komanso, ngati muli ndi zaka zoposa 60 ndipo nthawi zonse mumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa ululu omwe amagulitsidwa ndi dokotala (OTC) komanso mankhwala oletsa ululu a NSAID , chiopsezo chanu chingakhale chachikulu kwambiri.

Kodi ndi mavuto otani omwe angayambitse matendawa?

Ngati matendawa sakulamuliridwa bwino, mavuto osiyanasiyana angachitike. Ena mwa iwo ndi awa:

• Kuchuluka kwa asidi m'thupi (Metabolic Acidosis)
• Kuchuluka kwa phosphate (phosphorous) m'magazi (Hyperphosphatemia)
• Kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu m'magazi (Hyperkalemia)
• Kuchepa kwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi (anemia)
• Ululu womwe umabwera chifukwa cha kudzaza kwa uric acid m'malo olumikizirana mafupa (Gout)
• Matenda a mafupa
• Chitetezo cha mthupi chofooka

Chofunika: Si aliyense amene angakumane ndi mavuto amenewa. Komabe, ngati mutasamalira matendawa ndikupeza chithandizo choyenera, mutha kuwapewa kwambiri.

Kodi mumazindikira bwanji matendawa molondola? (Kuzindikira)

Dokotala adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu, adzaunikanso mbiri yanu yachipatala, adzakufunsani za mankhwala omwe mumamwa, ndikukupimitsani thupi. Kenako, ngati akukayikira kuti muli ndi matendawa, adzayitanitsa mayeso angapo kuti atsimikizire matendawa. Zina mwa izi ndi izi:

• Mayeso a Ntchito ya Impso : Izi zikuphatikizapo mayeso a magazi ndi mayeso a mkodzo. Mayeso a magazi amayesa kuchuluka kwa kusefera kwa glomerular (eGFR) komwe kukuyembekezeka komanso kuchuluka kwa creatinine m'magazi . Mayeso a mkodzo amayesa proteinuria ndi magazi m'mkodzo.
• Mayeso ojambulira : Izi zingathandize madokotala kupeza chithunzi chomveka bwino cha kukula, mawonekedwe, ndi kapangidwe ka impso. Angapemphe kuti ayesedwe ndi ultrasound , MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) , kapena CT (Computed Tomography) .
• Kufufuza Impso : Mu mayeso awa, dokotala amatenga chidutswa chaching'ono cha minofu kuchokera ku impso ndikuchiyesa mu labotale. Kufufuza kumeneku kungapereke chidziwitso chomwe mayeso ena sangachipeze.

Kodi chimachiritsidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo cha matenda a impso parenchymal chimadalira zinthu zingapo. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Kodi kwenikweni chimayambitsa matendawa ndi kuopsa kwake.
• Zaka zanu ndi thanzi lanu lonse.

Njira zanu zothandizira zingaphatikizepo:

• Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa ululu a NSAID ndi mankhwala ena omwe angawonjezere matenda a impso.
• Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito fodya (kusuta fodya, kusuta ndudu, kutafuna fodya, ndi zina zotero).
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
• Kusunga kulemera koyenera komwe kungakuyenerereni.
• Kumwa mankhwala ofunikira kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi, cholesterol, ndi matenda a shuga.
• Lankhulani ndi katswiri wa zakudya za impso kuti mupange zakudya zomwe zingathandize impso. Izi zingaphatikizepo zakudya zomwe zimachepetsa mapuloteni, zimachepetsa cholesterol m'magazi, komanso zimachepetsa mchere (sodium) ndi potaziyamu.

Ngati matendawa ndi aakulu, chithandizo chotsatirachi chingafunike:

• Corticosteroids (mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kutupa)
• Dialysis (kutsuka magazi pogwiritsa ntchito makina pamene impso sizikugwira ntchito bwino)
• Mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi ( immunosuppressants )
• Kusamutsa Impso

Ngati ndili ndi matendawa, ndiyenera kuyembekezera chiyani?

Ngati muli ndi matendawa, muyenera kugwira ntchito ndi gulu lanu lachipatala kuti muwongolere kuwonongeka kwa impso zanu ndikuzisunga zikugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali. Nazi zina zomwe mungachite:

• Kudya zakudya zomwe zimathandiza impso.
• Yang'anirani kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi nthawi zonse.
• Pitani kwa dokotala wa matenda a impso ndipo muyeze impso zanu nthawi zonse.
• Kumwa mankhwala omwe dokotala wakupatsani molondola komanso panthawi yake.

Kodi mungakhale ndi matendawa kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji?

N'zovuta kupereka yankho limodzi pa funsoli. Chifukwa zimatengera zinthu zambiri, monga kuopsa kwa matendawa, zaka zanu, jenda, komanso thanzi lanu lonse. Ngati impso zanu zawonongeka kwambiri, nthawi yotsala ya moyo wanu ingachepe. Ngati mukumwa dialysis, nthawi zambiri mukuyembekezeka kukhala ndi moyo zaka 5 mpaka 10.

Koma kumbukirani! Izi ndi zapakati. Anthu ambiri amakhala ndi moyo wautali kwambiri akalandira chithandizo choyenera komanso kuikidwa impso. Ngakhale anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso amatha kukhala ndi moyo zaka 20-30. Chifukwa chake, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe zambiri za matenda anu.

Kodi pali njira zopewera matendawa? (Kupewa)

Ngakhale kuti si zifukwa zonse zomwe zingapewedwe, mutha kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu chotenga matendawa pochita zinthu izi:

• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi amphamvu osachepera masiku asanu pa sabata, kwa mphindi zosachepera 30 patsiku.
• Kuchepetsa kumwa mowa.
• Kusunga kulemera koyenera komwe kungakuyenerereni.
• Ngati muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a impso (monga matenda a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi), pitani kwa dokotala nthawi zonse kuti akakupimitseni.
• Pewani kusuta fodya kotheratu.
• Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mchere womwe umawonjezeredwa muzakudya.
• NSAIDGwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa ululu monga momwe dokotala wanenera.

Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe munthu amene ali ndi matendawa ayenera kupewa?

Ngati muli ndi matenda a impso, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuonana ndi katswiri wa zakudya za impso . Iye adzakonza zakudya zomwe zingakuthandizeni komanso zomwe zingakuthandizeni impso zanu. Nthawi zambiri muyenera kuchepetsa zakudya zomwe zili ndi mchere wambiri, mapuloteni, phosphorous, ndi potaziyamu. Zitsanzo zina ndi izi:

• Peyala
• Nthochi
• Chakudya cha m'zitini
• Zakudya zokhwasula-khwasula zamchere monga tchipisi ndi ma pretzels
• Zipatso za citrus ndi madzi ake, monga malalanje
• Zipatso zouma
• Nyama zokonzedwa (monga masoseji, mipira ya nyama)
• Sipinachi

Chofunika: Mndandanda uwu sungakhale wa aliyense. Funsani katswiri wanu wazakudya kuti akupatseni upangiri wapadera pa zakudya zomwe zili zabwino kwa inu komanso zomwe muyenera kupewa.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kapena vuto lina lomwe lingayambitse matenda a impso, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi zonse kuti akakupimitseni. Kuzindikira msanga ndi kumvetsetsa zoopsa zanu kungathandize kupewa kuwonongeka kwina kwa impso zanu.

Kodi ndi liti pamene muyenera kupita ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Zizindikiro za matenda a impso nthawi zambiri zimawonekera impso zikawonongeka kwambiri. Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo:

• Ngati minofu nthawi zambiri imapotoka
• Ngati muli ndi chilakolako
• Ngati mukumva kutopa kwambiri
• Ngati mukuvutika kuganizira kapena kugona
• Ngati muli ndi khungu loyabwa
• Ngati muli ndi vuto lomwe silingaleke
• Ngati manja anu, akakolo, kapena mapazi anu atupa
• Ngati mukodza kwambiri kapena pang'ono kuposa masiku onse

Ndi mafunso ati omwe muyenera kufunsa dokotala?

Mukapita kwa dokotala, zingakhale zothandiza kufunsa mafunso awa:

• Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati ndili ndi matenda a impso parenchymal?
• Kodi ndi nkhani yaikulu bwanji?
• Kodi mumalimbikitsa chithandizo chanji?
• Kodi ndingachite chiyani kuti nditeteze impso zanga?
• Kodi mungapangire katswiri wazakudya wodziwa bwino ntchito kwa odwala impso?
• Kodi mungandiuze za gulu lothandizira lomwe limathandiza anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa?

Pomaliza, zomwe muyenera kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Matenda a impso ndi matenda omwe amakhudza ntchito ya impso zanu. Cholinga chachikulu cha chithandizo ndikuwongolera matendawa kuti impso zigwire ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali. Anthu ambiri amakhala ndi matendawa kwa zaka zambiri.

Komabe, mukalandira matenda ngati amenewa ndipo muyenera kulandira chithandizo nthawi zonse, mungakhumudwe komanso kukwiya. Izi ndi zachilendo. Kulankhula za izi ndi abale ndi abwenzi anu odalirika kungakuthandizeni. Muthanso kulowa nawo magulu othandizira anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli. Ngati muli ndi mafunso aliwonse, musaope kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu. Adzakuthandizani. Simuli nokha!

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