Tangoganizirani kuti mwangotaya mtima, ndipo mwadzidzidzi, pasanathe sekondi imodzi, mukumva mutu woopsa kwambiri womwe mudakumana nawo m'moyo wanu ... ngati mphezi ikukugundani mutu. Mu zamankhwala, timatcha izi "Thunderclap Headache." Ichi ndi chizindikiro chofala komanso choopsa cha matenda omwe tikukamba lero, RCVS. Mutu ngati uwu ndi wadzidzidzi womwe umafuna chithandizo chadzidzidzi.
Kodi RCVS ndi chiyani kwenikweni?
Mwachidule, Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome (RCVS) ndi vuto lomwe mitsempha yamagazi muubongo mwanu imalimba mwadzidzidzi ndikutsekeka. Zili ngati chitoliro chamadzi chomwe chimatsekeka mwadzidzidzi. Mitsempha yamagazi ikatsekeka mwanjira iyi, ubongo sulandira kuchuluka kwa magazi komwe ukufunikira. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mumamva mutu wofanana ndi wamphezi womwe ndatchula kale.
Mawu akuti "reversible" m'dzina la vutoli amatanthauza kuti lingathe kuthetsedwa ndi chithandizo choyenera . Komabe, ngati silinalandire chithandizo, lingayambitse matenda aakulu monga sitiroko kapena kutuluka magazi muubongo. Nthawi zina, zizindikiro zake zimakhala zofanana kwambiri ndi za mutu waching'alang'ala kapena sitiroko, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kusiyanitsa pakati pa ziwirizi.
Chofunika kwambiri: Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi mutu woopsa komanso wodzidzimutsa womwe umamveka ngati mutu woopsa kwambiri pa moyo wawo, ndi vuto lachipatala. Pitani ku chipinda chapafupi chadzidzidzi cha chipatala (ETU) nthawi yomweyo. Musataye nthawi.
Kodi zizindikiro za vutoli ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro zonse za RCVS zimachitika chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa magazi kupita ku ubongo. Tiyeni tiwone zizindikirozi.
| Chizindikiro | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Mutu Wopweteka ndi Mkokomo | Mutu woopsa kwambiri womwe ndidakumana nawo m'moyo wanga, womwe umayamba mwadzidzidzi. |
| Kuzindikira kuwala ndi phokoso | Kumva ngati simungathe kuwona kuwala kapena kumva mawu (Photophobia ndi Phophobia) |
| Kusanza ndi kusanza | Mutu wotsatira kusanza. |
| Kusintha kwa masomphenya | Kuona zinthu molakwika, kuona zinthu ziwiri, kapena kuona zinthu mochepa. |
| Kufooka kwa minofu | Kumva dzanzi mbali imodzi ya thupi. |
| Chisokonezo | Kuiwala malo ndi nthawi, kutaya chidziwitso. |
| Kugwidwa ndi khunyu | Mkhalidwe wofanana ndi kukwanira. |
| Mavuto a kulankhula (Aphasia) | Kuvuta kulankhula kapena kumvetsa zomwe ena akunena. |
| Zizindikiro zina zomwe zingachitike ndi kutuluka magazi muubongo (Subarachnoid Hemorrhage - SAH) | |
| Kuuma kwa khosi | Kuuma kwa minofu ndi kupweteka pakhosi ndi mapewa. |
| Kusintha kwa khalidwe | Mkwiyo wadzidzidzi, kukwiya. |
| Kusanza thupi | Kumva kunjenjemera m'thupi lina. |
Kodi chimayambitsa RCVS ndi chiyani?
Mitsempha yathu yamagazi ili ndi minofu yosalala mkati. Minofu imeneyi imalamulira kuyenda kwa magazi mwa kufinya ndi kupumula. Koma nthawi zina minofu imeneyi imafinya mwadzidzidzi ndikufinya mwamphamvu kwambiri. Timaitcha kuti ``vasospasm''. Ichi ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha RCVS.
Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe vutoli (vasospasm) lingachitikire.
Mimba ndi nthawi yobereka
Chomwe chimayambitsa RCVS nthawi zambiri ndi mimba. Chiwopsezo cha vutoli chimakhala chachikulu kwambiri m'masabata asanu ndi limodzi oyambirira mutabereka. Izi zikukhulupirira kuti zimachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni. Chiwopsezochi chingachitike ngakhale mutakhala kuti mulibe matenda monga preeclampsia panthawi ya mimba.
Mankhwala ena ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala
RCVS ingayambitsidwe ndi mankhwala ndi mankhwala ena omwe amakhudza kayendedwe ka magazi m'thupi lanu.
- Mankhwala ena ochizira kuvutika maganizo, makamaka omwe ali m'gulu la SSRIs.
- Mankhwala a mutu waching'alang'ala (triptans ndi mankhwala amtundu wa ergot).
- Mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi.
- Mankhwala ena a matenda a Parkinson.
- Zolimbikitsa (amphetamines, cocaine, pseudoephedrine).
- Chamba.
- Kumwa kwambiri caffeine ndi zakumwa zopatsa mphamvu.
- Zidutswa za Nikotini.
- Mankhwala monga `LSD` kapena `MDMA` (ecstasy).
Matenda ena
Matenda ena omwe amakhudza ubongo kapena kuyenda kwa magazi angapangitsenso kuti munthu adwale matenda a RCVS.
- Mutu Wopweteka: Anthu omwe ali ndi mutu wopweteka kwambiri amakhala ndi RCVS.
- Kuchuluka kwa calcium m'magazi (Hypercalcemia): Kuchuluka kwa calcium m'magazi kungasokoneze ntchito ya minofu m'mitsempha yamagazi.
- Mavuto a mahomoni: Makamaka estrogen ikuwoneka kuti ikukhudzidwa, ndichifukwa chake matendawa amapezeka kwambiri mwa akazi.
- Matenda ena obadwa nawo monga ``Pheochromocytoma'' (chotupa chomwe chimapanga mahomoni ochulukirapo a adrenaline) ndi ``Porphyria'', angapangitse kuti chiopsezocho chiwonjezeke.
Kodi mavuto omwe angakhalepo chifukwa cha RCVS ndi ati?
Kale, madokotala ankaganiza kuti RCVS si vuto lalikulu. Koma kafukufuku watsopano akusonyeza kuti nthawi zina ingayambitse mavuto. Pafupifupi 30% ya anthu omwe ali ndi RCVS akhoza kukhala ndi chilema chokhazikika (monga kufooka kwa minofu). Pafupifupi 8% akhoza kukhala ndi mavuto aakulu kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kuphatikiza apo, mavuto aakulu ngati awa angachitike mkati mwa masiku ochepa kuchokera pamene zizindikiro zoyamba zaonekera:
- Ischemic stroke: Kutsekeka kwa mtsempha wamagazi womwe umapereka magazi ku ubongo.
- Kutuluka magazi m'mimba mwa ubongo (SAH kapena mtundu wina wa kutuluka magazi mu ubongo): Kutuluka magazi pakati pa ubongo ndi chigaza.
- Kugwidwa ndi khunyu.
Kodi madokotala amapeza bwanji izi?
Dokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo kuti adziwe vutoli.
- Kuwunika thupi ndi mitsempha: Kuyang'ana momwe thupi lanu limagwirira ntchito, mphamvu zanu, ndi momwe mumamvera zimayesedwa.
- Kuyezetsa magazi: Kuyang'ana mavuto okhudza magazi kuundana, matenda opatsirana, komanso kusalingana kwa kuchuluka kwa mchere m'magazi.
- Kujambula zithunzi: Iyi ndiyo njira yofunika kwambiri yodziwira matenda a RCVS.
Kujambula zithunzi
Mitundu iyi ya ma scan imatha "kuona" mkati mwa mutu ndi ubongo. Imatha kuwona ngati mitsempha yamagazi yatsekeka kapena ngati magazi akuyenda bwino.
- Kujambula kwa Computed Tomography (CT): Makamaka, ma angiogram a CT angathandize kuwunika bwino momwe mitsempha yamagazi ilili.
- Kujambula kwa Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Kujambula kwapadera kwa MRI kotchedwa Magnetic Resonance Angiogram (MRA) kungathenso kuzindikira kupsinjika kwa mitsempha yamagazi.
- Kujambula kwa ultrasound kwa Transcranial Doppler: Izi zimatha kuyeza liwiro la kuyenda kwa magazi kudzera muubongo.
Kawirikawiri, CT scan imachitika kaye. Chifukwa imafulumira. Imatha kudziwa mwachangu ngati pali vuto ladzidzidzi monga sitiroko kapena kutuluka magazi. Pa sitiroko, sekondi iliyonse imawerengedwa, kotero liwiro limenelo ndilofunika kwambiri. Kenako, ngati pakufunika, MRI scan imachitika kuti itsimikizire kuti mitsempha yamagazi yatsekeka.
Kodi mankhwala a RCVS ndi ati?
Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, RCVS ndi matenda ochiritsika kwambiri . Chithandizo chili ndi zolinga ziwiri zazikulu.
1. Ngati pali chifukwa chomwe chapezeka (monga mankhwala enaake), chotsani chifukwacho.
2. Kuchepetsa kuuma kwa mitsempha yamagazi ndikuyibwezeretsa pamalo abwino.
Mankhwala odziwika bwino omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza vutoli (vasospasm) ndi calcium channel blockers (CCBs) . Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito poletsa calcium kulowa m'maselo a minofu m'mitsempha yamagazi. Kenako minofu imamasuka, mitsempha yamagazi imakulanso, ndipo magazi amabwerera mwakale.
Nthawi zina, chithandizo chingachitike pogwiritsa ntchito njira yotchedwa ``endovascular''. Izi zimaphatikizapo kulowetsa chubu choonda kwambiri (catheter) kudzera m'mitsempha yamagazi yomwe ili m'dzanja kapena mwendo kupita ku mtsempha wamagazi wotsekedwa muubongo, kenako kubaya mankhwala kapena kugwiritsa ntchito chinthu chonga baluni kuti chikulitse mtsempha wamagazi (angioplasty).
Kodi tingayembekezere bwanji mkhalidwe umenewu?
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi RCVS (pafupifupi 80% - 85%) amachira kwathunthu popanda mavuto a nthawi yayitali. Choncho pali chiyembekezo chabwino pa izi. Koma chofunika kwambiri pa izi ndikupeza matendawa msanga ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo choyenera.
Kumbukirani, kupeza matenda msanga ndi kulandira chithandizo ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera zotsatira zabwino kwambiri. Kuchedwa kungayambitse mavuto oopsa.
Zinthu zomwe mungachite kuti RCVS isabwerezenso
Popeza sizikudziwika bwino chifukwa chake RCVS imayamba, sizingatheke nthawi zonse kupewa. Komabe, pali zinthu zina zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu. Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani malangizo ambiri pankhaniyi.
- Ngati pali mankhwala omwe akuganiziridwa kuti ndi omwe amayambitsa RCVS, asiyeni ndipo muwapewe mtsogolo.
- Kumwa mankhwala operekedwa ndi dokotala monga momwe adanenera komanso moyenera.
- Musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala kapena mankhwala aliwonse (makamaka olimbikitsa mphamvu ndi chamba) popanda upangiri wa dokotala.
- Chepetsani kapena siyani konse kumwa caffeine ndi zakumwa zopatsa mphamvu.
Kodi muyenera kupita liti kwa dokotala ndikupita ku ETU?
Ngati muli ndi RCVS, dokotala wanu adzakuuzani kuti mupitirize kubwera ku chipatala. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupita kukaonana ndi dokotala nthawi zonse. Mwanjira imeneyi, vuto lanu likhoza kuyang'aniridwa ndipo chithandizo chanu chikhoza kusinthidwa ngati pakufunika kutero.
Nthawi yoti mupite ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) nthawi yomweyo:
Ngati mutu wanu ukupweteka kwambiri kapena muli ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi sitiroko (monga kufooka mbali imodzi ya thupi, kuvutika kulankhula, kusintha kwa masomphenya), nthawi zonse zimakhala zadzidzidzi. Musadikire mpaka zitachedwa. Pitani kuchipatala mwachangu momwe mungathere.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mutu wopweteka kwambiri komanso wodzidzimutsa ("Thunderclap Headache") ndi vuto lachipatala. Pitani ku Dipatimenti Yoona za Zadzidzidzi ya Chipatala chapafupi (ETU) nthawi yomweyo.
- RCVS ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwadzidzidzi kwa mitsempha yamagazi muubongo. Koma monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, ndi matenda omwe amatha kuchira kwathunthu ngati chithandizo choyenera chikuchitika.
- Chiwopsezo cha vutoli chimakhala chachikulu panthawi ya mimba makamaka m'masabata asanu ndi limodzi oyambirira atabereka.
- Anthu ambiri amachira mokwanira popanda mavuto a nthawi yayitali, koma kuzindikira matendawa msanga ndi kulandira chithandizo ndikofunikira.
- Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu. Imwani mankhwala omwe mwapatsidwa ndipo pewani mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso mowa woopsa.
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