Kodi mukudziwa khansa yosowa kwambiri yotchedwa Sarcomatoid Carcinoma? Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane!

Khansa imatiopseza tonse pang'ono, eti? Koma si khansa zonse zomwe zili zofanana. Lero tikambirana za mtundu wa khansa wosowa komanso wovuta. Umatchedwa Sarcomatoid Carcinoma. Dzinalo lingamveke lachilendo kwa inu, koma tiyeni tiyese kulifotokoza mosavuta. Madokotala amatcha mtundu uwu wa khansa womwe ukukula mofulumira kwambiri komanso mwamphamvu .

Kodi Sarcomatoid Carcinoma ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, Sarcomatoid Carcinoma ndi kuphatikiza mitundu iwiri ya khansa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ili ndi zizindikiro za khansa ndi sarcoma. Tsopano tiyeni tiwone zomwe khansa ndi sarcoma zili.

• Khansa: Iyi ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa khansa. Imayamba m'maselo omwe amaphimba ziwalo kapena khungu lathu. Timatcha minofu iyi kuti minofu ya epithelial chifukwa imapangidwa ndi maselo a epithelial.
• Sarcoma: Izi sizichitika kawirikawiri ngati khansa. Sarcoma imayamba m'malo monga mafupa, minofu yolumikizana (monga cartilage, tendons), ndi minofu yofewa (monga minofu, mafuta, mitsempha). Amapangidwa ndi mtundu wa selo lotchedwa maselo a mesenchymal.

Choncho, pankhani ya khansa ya sarcomatoid, chotupa chokhala ndi maselo ndi minofu yokhudzana ndi khansa ndi sarcoma chimapanga. Zotupazi zimakula mofulumira kwambiri ndipo zimatha kufalikira (kufalikira) ku ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi. Izi zikafalikira, minofu yathanzi m'thupi imawonongeka.

Kodi izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri pa thupi liti?

Mukamva dzina lakuti sarcomatoid carcinoma, mwina mumaigwirizanitsa ndi mapapu anu . Komabe, mtundu uwu wa khansa, womwe uli ndi zizindikiro za khansa ndi sarcoma, ukhozanso kuchitika m'ziwalo zina za thupi. Mwachitsanzo:

• Khungu
• Fupa
• Pakamwa
• Chithokomiro cha chithokomiro
• Mabere
• Mimba
• Matumbo ang'onoang'ono
• Chiwindi
• Pancreas
• Chiberekero
• Prostate
• Chikhodzodzo
• Impso
• Malo pakati pa chifuwa (izi zimatchedwa ``Mediastinum''. Zinthu monga mtima, trachea, ndi thymus gland zili pano)

Khansa ya Sarcomatoid, yomwe imayamba m'mapapo, akuti imafalikira mofulumira kwambiri. Mwanjira imeneyi, imatha kufalikira m'malo angapo nthawi imodzi, monga ma adrenal glands, ubongo, mafupa, chiwindi, impso, peritoneum, kapamba, khungu, ndi mtima.

Kodi palinso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya izi?

Inde, bungwe la World Health Organization (WHO) linagawa khansa ya sarcomatoid m'magulu asanu akuluakulu mu 2015. Mtundu uliwonse wa khansa imeneyi umatchedwa "carcinoma ya m'mapapo yopanda maselo ang'onoang'ono yomwe siikusiyana bwino." "Kusiyana bwino" kumatanthauza kuti maselo ndi osazolowereka kwambiri kotero kuti n'zovuta kunena mtundu wake weniweni. Khansa ya m'mapapo yopanda maselo ang'onoang'ono ndi mtundu wofala wa khansa ya m'mapapo yomwe imakula ndikufalikira mwachangu.

Mitundu isanu iyi ndi iyi:

• Ma khansa a Pleomorphic: Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zizindikiro za khansa. Komabe, osachepera 10% mwa iwo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zizindikiro za sarcoma. Uwu ndiye mtundu wofala kwambiri wa khansa ya sarcomatoid.
• Kansa ya Spindle-cell: Mtundu uwu wa khansa umachokera ku momwe maselo ake amaonekera pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu. Ndi aatali, oonda, ndipo amafanana ndi ma spindle a gudumu lozungulira.
• Kansa yaikulu ya maselo: Iyi ili ndi maselo akuluakulu okonzedwa mofanana ndi ma sarcomas. Kawirikawiri amapezeka kumtunda kwa mapapo.
• Carcinosarcoma: Izi zikuphatikizapo minofu yochokera ku mitundu ina ya khansa, monga adenocarcinoma ndi squamous cell carcinoma. Zimaphatikizaponso minofu ya sarcoma yosakhazikika komanso yosakula bwino.
• Pulmonary blastoma: Iyi ndi mtundu wa adenocarcinoma womwe umafanana ndi minofu ya mapapo a mwana wosabadwayo. Maselo a mesenchymal (monga sarcomas) amathanso kuwoneka.

Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza izi?

Sarcomatoid Carcinoma imapezeka kwambiri mwa amuna . Imapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito fodya kapena omwe adagwiritsa ntchito kale . Avereji ya zaka zomwe munthu amadwala matendawa ndi pafupifupi zaka 65.

Kodi izi ndizofala bwanji?

Uwu ndi mtundu wa khansa wosowa kwambiri . Sarcomatoid Carcinoma ndi gawo laling'ono kwambiri la khansa zonse za m'mapapo, pakati pa 0.1% ndi 0.4%.

Kodi zizindikiro za izi ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro zomwe mumakumana nazo zimadalira komwe khansa yafalikira m'thupi lanu. Ngati muli ndi sarcomatoid carcinoma ya m'mapapo, mutha kukhala ndi zizindikiro monga:

• Chifuwa (chosalekeza)
• Kuvuta kupuma (kupuma movutikira)
• Kupweteka pachifuwa
• Kutuluka magazi ndi ntchofu
• Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa chilichonse

N’chifukwa chiyani chinthu chonga ichi chimachitika?

Madokotala amakhulupirira kuti chifukwa chachikulu cha khansa ya sarcomatoid ndi njira yotchedwa "Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT)." Mwachidule, apa ndi pamene maselo a khansa a epithelial mu khansa ya m'mapapo yopanda maselo ang'onoang'ono amasintha, ndipo ena mwa iwo amasintha kukhala maselo a mesenchymal. Maselo a khansa omwe asintha motere amafalikira mwachangu kwambiri m'thupi lonse.

Kusintha kwa maselo ndi kukula mofulumira nthawi zambiri kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa majini m'maselo . Mukudziwa, majini athu ndi malangizo omwe amauza maselo momwe ayenera kukhalira. Kusintha kwa majini ndi kusintha kapena cholakwika m'malangizo amenewo. Asayansi apeza kusintha kwa majini angapo komwe kumakhudzana ndi khansa ya sarcomatoid.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa izi?

Chinthu choopsa ndi chinthu chomwe chimawonjezera mwayi wopeza matenda. Pankhani ya khansa ya m'mapapo yotchedwa sarcomatoid carcinoma, kusuta fodya ndiye chinthu chachikulu komanso chodziwika bwino chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa. N'zodziwikiratu kuti pakati pa 80% ndi 90% ya anthu omwe amadwala khansa ya m'mapapoyi ndi omwe amasuta kale kapena omwe kale anali kusuta.

Musaiwale kuti kusiya kusuta kungakutetezeni ku matenda ambiri a m'mapapo, kuphatikizapo khansa ngati iyi.

Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji izi?

Dokotala wanu adzayamba wakuyang'anani kaye ndipo, ngati pakufunika, adzakujambulani zithunzi zina. Komabe, kuti mutsimikizire kuti iyi ndi khansa ya sarcomatoid, pamafunika biopsy kuti muyang'ane maselo a khansa.

• Kujambula: Dokotala angachite CT scan kuti aone komwe khansa ili. Kuti muwone bwino mkati mwa thupi, CT/PET scan kapena F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET scan ingachitike. CT/PET scan imaphatikiza mayeso awiri (CT ndi PET) nthawi imodzi. Fluorodeoxyglucose ndi mankhwala omwe amalowetsedwa m'thupi panthawi ya PET scan. Amasonkhanitsa maselo a khansa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti awonekere bwino pa scan.

• Histopathology: Histopathology ndi kuyesa kwa microscopic kwa chitsanzo cha minofu ya khansa yotengedwa kuchokera ku biopsy. Maonekedwe a maselo angathandize dokotala kudziwa ngati ndi sarcomatoid carcinoma ndipo, ngati ndi choncho, ndi mtundu wanji wa khansa (monga pleomorphic carcinoma, spindle cell carcinoma).

• Kuchiza kwa matenda a immunohistochemistry:Kuyesaku kumayang'ana zinthu zotchedwa ma antigen zomwe zimagwirizana ndi mitundu ina ya maselo. Ma antigen ena amatha kuzindikira selo ngati losazolowereka kapena loipa.

Kodi chimachiritsidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo chothandiza kwambiri cha khansa iyi ndi opaleshoni yochotsa chotupa chonsecho. Chemotherapy ingathandize kupha maselo onse a khansa otsala pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Komabe, nthawi zambiri, khansa imakhala itafalikira pofika nthawi yomwe yapezeka, kotero opaleshoni singatheke. Ngati pali mavuto monga kupweteka, kutuluka magazi, kapena kupuma movutikira, chithandizo cha radiation chingaperekedwenso.

Pankhani ya khansa ya sarcomatoid, mayeso azachipatala angakhale njira yabwino kwambiri yochiritsira. Mayeso azachipatala ndi kafukufuku woyesa chitetezo ndi kugwira ntchito kwa mankhwala atsopano. Asayansi pakadali pano akufufuza njira zamankhwala zomwe zingathandize kuwonjezera nthawi yomwe mungakhale ndi khansa iyi. Awiri mwa iwo ndi awa:

• Chithandizo cholunjika: Izi zimaphatikizapo kuyang'ana makhalidwe enieni omwe amachititsa maselo a khansa kuchulukana mosalamulirika.
• Chithandizo cha Immunotherapy: Izi zimalimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi lanu, zomwe zimathandiza kupeza ndikuwononga maselo a khansa.

Kodi tingatani kuti tichepetse chiopsezochi?

Mukasankha kusagwiritsa ntchito fodya, mutha kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi khansa ya sarcomatoid, komanso khansa zina zambiri za m'mapapo. Iyi ndi sitepe yofunika kwambiri yomwe mungachite.

Kodi izi zingathe kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu?

Ndipotu, khansa ya sarcomatoid ndi mtundu wa khansa womwe nthawi zambiri umakhala wovuta kuchiritsa kwathunthu. Komabe, pamene asayansi akuphunzira zambiri za mawonekedwe a maselo a zotupa izi, monga kusintha kwa majini, amatha kupanga mankhwala atsopano omwe amawakhudza. Ngati mwapezeka ndi matendawa, mutha kukhala oyenerera kutenga nawo mbali mu mayeso azachipatala omwe amayesa mankhwala atsopano. Funsani dokotala wanu za izi.

Kodi muyenera kukhala ndi matendawa kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji?

N'zovuta kunena kuti mudzakhala ndi moyo wautali bwanji mu mkhalidwe umenewu, koma ndikofunikira kudziwa. Pa avareji, chiwerengero chapakati cha kupulumuka chimakhala pafupifupi miyezi 10. Chiwerengero cha zaka zisanu cha kupulumuka ndi pafupifupi 15%. Komabe, ziwerengerozi sizikugwira ntchito kwa aliyense mofanana. Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zingakhudze mkhalidwe wanu:

• Mtundu weniweni wa selo mu khansa.
• Kodi kusintha kwa majini komwe kwachitika ndi kotani?
• Nthawi yomwe zinatenga kuyambira pachiyambi cha zizindikiro mpaka kupezeka kwa matendawa.
• Kodi khansa yakula bwanji komanso yawononga minofu yathanzi?
• Kodi khansa yafalikira bwanji.
• Kaya dokotala angathe kuchotsa chotupa cha khansa kwathunthu.

Choncho, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukambirana momasuka za zonsezi ndi dokotala wanu kuti mumvetse bwino za matenda anu.

Kodi ndi mafunso otani ofunika kufunsa dokotala?

Mukazindikira kuti muli ndi khansa ya sarcomatoid, mungamve nkhawa kwambiri komanso kusokonezeka chifukwa khansa imeneyi ndi yosiyana kwambiri komanso yovuta. Ndikofunikira kukambirana momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za njira zomwe mungatsatire pochiza komanso momwe matendawa adzachitikire mtsogolo. Dokotala wanu angakuuzeni zomwe mungayembekezere kutengera mawonekedwe a maselo anu a khansa komanso komwe khansayo ili m'thupi lanu.

Nazi mafunso ena omwe mungafunse dokotala wanu:

• Kodi khansa yanga yafalikira?
• Kodi khansa yanga ndi yoopsa bwanji?
• Kodi mumalimbikitsa chithandizo chamtundu wanji?
• Kodi ndi zotsatirapo ziti zomwe ziyenera kuyembekezera kuchokera ku chithandizochi?
• Kodi mukuganiza kuti zingakhale bwino kuti ndikapezenso thandizo la dokotala wina?
• Kodi ndiyenera kugwira ntchito ndi akatswiri osamalira odwala ovutika maganizo?
• Kodi ndine woyenerera kutenga nawo mbali mu mayeso azachipatala?

Dokotala wanu angakupatseni chidziwitso chomwe mukufuna, angakutumizireni ku mayeso azachipatala ngati mukuyenerera, ndikukuthandizani kupeza chithandizo chochepetsa ululu.

Zinthu zomwe tiyenera kukumbukira

Chabwino, kuchokera pa zomwe takambirana zokhudza Sarcomatoid Carcinoma, nazi zinthu zazikulu zomwe muyenera kukumbukira:

• Uwu ndi mtundu wa khansa wosowa kwambiri komanso woopsa womwe umafalikira mofulumira kwambiri.
• Izi zikuwonetsa zizindikiro za khansa ndi sarcoma.
• Kusuta fodya ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa izi.
• Zizindikiro zimadalira komwe khansa ili. M'mapapo, zizindikiro zingaphatikizepo kukhosomola ndi kuvutika kupuma.
• Mayeso apadera (biopsy, imaging) amafunika kuti adziwe matenda.
• Njira zochiritsira n’zovuta. Kuwonjezera pa opaleshoni, mankhwala a chemotherapy, ndi chithandizo cha radiation, njira zatsopano zochiritsira (mankhwala ochizira matenda, chithandizo cha immunotherapy) zikuganiziridwanso.
• Ngakhale kuti mwayi wochira kwathunthu ndi wochepa, kafukufuku watsopano amapereka chiyembekezo.
• Ndikofunikira kwambiri kulankhula momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za vuto lanu ndikupeza zonse momveka bwino.

Ndikukhulupirira kuti izi zikuthandizani. Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena okhudzana ndi izi, chonde funsani dokotala.

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