"Dokotala, mwamuna wanga amabweretsa mazira ndipo amawaika onse mufiriji. Koma amayi anga akuti si bwino kuyika mazira mufiriji, ayenera kusungidwa panja. Ndani ali ndi zoona, dokotala?"
Tsiku lina, Mayi Alwis, omwe anabwera ku chipatala changa, anandifunsa chifukwa cha chidwi. Ndi funso lomwe anthu ambiri amakhala nalo, ngati ayenera kusunga mazira mufiriji kapena ayi.
Ena amati mazira ayenera kusungidwa mufiriji. Ena amati akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mwezi umodzi popanda vuto lililonse ngakhale atasiyidwa panja.
Kotero lero, tiyeni tikambirane zomwe sayansi ya zamankhwala ndi malangizo oteteza chakudya omwe amavomerezedwa padziko lonse lapansi akunena pankhaniyi.
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N’chifukwa chiyani njira zoikira mazira zimasiyana malinga ndi mayiko awa?
Mwina mwawonapo pa TV kapena pa intaneti kuti m'maiko ngati America, mazira amasungidwa mufiriji m'masitolo akuluakulu. Komabe, m'maiko ngati Sri Lanka ndi England, mazira amasungidwa m'mashelefu. Nchifukwa chiyani pali kusiyana kumeneku?
Ku United States, mazira amatsukidwa ndi sopo wapadera ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda asanagulitsidwe. Izi zimachotsa kwathunthu gawo lachilengedwe loteteza (cuticle) pamwamba pa chipolopolo cha dzira. Chifukwa chake, ayenera kusungidwa mufiriji chifukwa chiopsezo cha majeremusi kulowa m'mazira ndi chachikulu.
Komabe, ku Sri Lanka, Britain ndi mayiko aku Europe, mazira satsukidwa asanagulitsidwe. Chifukwa chake, filimu yachilengedwe yoteteza pamwamba pa chipolopolo cha dzira imakhalabe yoyera. Izi zimaletsa kulowa kwa majeremusi kuchokera kunja, kotero amatha kusungidwa panja kutentha kwabwinobwino kwa chipinda.
Kodi njira yabwino kwambiri yachipatala ndi iti?
Malinga ndi bungwe la Food Standards Agency (FSA) ku UK ndi akatswiri azaumoyo, njira yabwino komanso yotetezeka yosungira mazira kunyumba ndi mufiriji .
Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi kupewa matenda a Salmonella, mabakiteriya omwe amapezeka kwambiri m'mazira.
Salmonella ndi mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa kutsegula m'mimba kwambiri, kusanza, kutentha thupi, ndi kupweteka m'mimba, ndipo amathanso kupangitsa kuti munthu asathenso kutaya madzi m'thupi komanso kufa. Kusunga mazira pamalo otentha osapitirira madigiri 20 Celsius kungalepheretse kukula kwa mabakiteriya a Salmonella.
Cholakwika chachikulu chomwe mungachite mukasunga mazira mufiriji
Ngati muli ndi mazira mufiriji, pali lamulo limodzi lofunika kukumbukira: Mazira akangosungidwa mufiriji, sayenera kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali.
Dzira lozizira lochokera mufiriji likabwezeretsedwa kutentha kwa chipinda, madzi amaundana pamwamba pa chipolopolo cha dzira. Madontho amenewa amalola mabakiteriya a Salmonella ochokera kunja kwa dzira kulowa mosavuta mu dzira kudzera m'mabowo ang'onoang'ono mu chipolopolo cha dzira ndikukula mofulumira.
Komanso, sikoyenera kusunga mazira mu thireyi ya mazira pachitseko cha firiji. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kutentha kwa chitseko kumasintha nthawi iliyonse tikatsegula firiji. Kusintha kwa kutentha kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti mazira awonongeke mwachangu.
Kodi mungasunge bwanji mazira moyenera?
Tsatirani malangizo awa kuti mazira azikhala abwino komanso otetezeka:
- Sungani ndi phukusi loyambirira: Ikani bokosi la makatoni kapena phukusi lomwe mazira adagulidwira, pakati pa firiji. Izi zithandiza kusunga kutentha koyenera ndikuletsa mazira kuti asayamwe fungo lochokera ku zakudya zina.
- Musasambe mazira: Musasambe mazira musanawaike mufiriji. Kuwatsuka kungachotse chophimba chawo chachilengedwe choteteza ndikulola majeremusi kulowa. Ngati kuli kofunikira, pukutani pamwamba pokhapokha musanaphike.
- Tayani mazira osweka: Pewani kudya dzira ngati chipolopolocho chili ndi ming'alu kapena ming'alu.
Zoyenera kuchita ndi zosayenera kuchita
| ✔️ Zinthu zoti muchite (kuchita) | ❌ Zosayenera kuchita |
|---|---|
| Sungani mazira mu phukusi lomwelo lomwe adagulidwamo, pa shelufu yapakati pa firiji. | Musasunge mazira pakhomo la firiji, komwe kutentha kumasintha pafupipafupi. |
| Mukagwira mazira, sambani m'manja mwanu bwino ndi sopo. | Musatsuke mazira ndi madzi musanawaike mufiriji. |
| Wiritsani mazira bwino (mpaka yolk ikhale yokhuthala) ndipo idyani. | Musadye mazira okhala ndi zipolopolo zosweka kapena zodetsedwa. |
| Mukamagula mazira, yang'anani tsiku lotha ntchito Yabwino Isanafike). | Mukazizira, musasiye mazira kutentha kwa chipinda kwa maola ambiri. |
Magwero asayansi (Maumboni)
- 📚 Bungwe Loona za Miyezo ya Zakudya - Malangizo a Zakudya za Pakhomo a GOV.UK
- 📚 Kafukufuku Wokhudza Kufalikira kwa Salmonella Padziko Lonse mu Mazira - PubMed Central (PMC)
- 📚 Kugula, Kusunga, ndi Kukonzekera Mazira ndi Nkhuku kwa Ogula M'mayiko Osankhidwa a ku Asia - PubMed Central (PMC)
Uthenga wofunika kwambiri wopita nawo kunyumba
- Kuti musunge filimu yoteteza yachilengedwe pa chipolopolo cha dzira, muyenera kupewa kutsuka mazira musanawaike mufiriji.
- Kusiya mazira omwe akhala mufiriji kwa nthawi yayitali kutentha kwa chipinda kungayambitse madontho a madzi pamwamba pake, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha majeremusi a Salmonella kulowa.
- Njira yotetezeka yosungira mazira kunyumba ndikuwayika m'paketi yomweyi yomwe adagulira, pakati pa firiji (pamalo omwe kutentha kwake sikusinthasintha).
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