Kodi mukuda nkhawa kwambiri ndi kulemera kwa thupi lanu? Kaya mukuyesetsa bwanji, kuchepetsa thupi sikophweka monga momwe mukuganizira? Mwina mukuganiza kuti, "Sindidya bwino, ndilibe mphamvu zochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi." Koma zoona zake n'zakuti, kunenepa kwambiri si kusowa mphamvu kapena kusalamulira kudya. Ndi vuto lovuta kwambiri komanso losatha lomwe limafuna chithandizo. Ndicho chimene tikukamba lero.
Kodi Kunenepa Kwambiri kwa Gulu Lachitatu N'chiyani?
Mwachidule, Kunenepa Kwambiri kwa Gulu Lachitatu (Class III Obesity) ndi mtundu woopsa kwambiri wa kunenepa kwambiri. Kale unkatchedwa "Morbid Obesity," koma mawu amenewo ankamveka osasangalatsa, kotero madokotala tsopano amagwiritsa ntchito dzina lakuti "Class III Obesity."
Muyeso wodziwika bwino womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kunenepa kwambiri ndi Body Mass Index (BMI) . Iyi ndi kuwerengera kosavuta komwe kukuwonetsa ngati muli ndi kulemera koyenera malinga ndi kutalika kwanu.
- Ngati BMI yanu ili 40 kapena kupitirira apo, imaonedwa kuti ndi Class III Obesity.
Koma kumbukirani, BMI si nthawi zonse yomwe imayeza molondola 100%. Nthawi zina wothamanga wa minofu yabwino amatha kukhala ndi BMI yokwera, koma si wonenepa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, dokotala akamakufufuzani, sadzangoyang'ana BMI yanu yokha, komanso zinthu zina monga kuzungulira chiuno chanu ndi makulidwe a mafuta a khungu lanu.
Chofunika ndichakuti vutoli ndi lochiritsika. Ngakhale kuti palibe njira yothetsera vutoli mwadzidzidzi, inu ndi dokotala wanu mungagwirizane kuti mupange dongosolo loti mukhale ndi thupi labwino lomwe lingagwire ntchito bwino kwa inu.
Kodi zizindikiro ndi mavuto a kunenepa kwambiri ndi ziti?
Palibe zizindikiro zenizeni zomwe zimasiyana ndi za kunenepa kwambiri kwa Gulu Lachitatu. Chizindikiro chachikulu ndi BMI yoposa 40. Komabe, vutoli lingakhudze ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi lathu ndikuyambitsa mavuto aakulu azaumoyo. Ichi ndi chomwe tiyenera kusamala nacho kwambiri.
Tiyeni tiwone mavuto ena akuluakulu azaumoyo omwe angabwere chifukwa cha izi pansipa.
| Thupi la thupi | Mavuto ndi matenda omwe angakhalepo |
|---|---|
| Mtima ndi mitsempha ya magazi | Matenda a mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi (kuthamanga kwa magazi), mafuta m'mitsempha (atherosclerosis) |
| Mapumulo | Kugona movutikira komanso kupuma movutikira (Obstructive Sleep Apnea), kuvutika kupuma chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri (Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome - OHS) |
| Dongosolo la endocrine (mahomoni) | Matenda a Shuga a Mtundu Wachiwiri, Matenda a Kagayidwe ka Metabolic |
| Mafupa ndi mafupa | Matenda a mafupa, makamaka a m'mawondo ndi m'chiuno |
| Chiwindi ndi impso | Matenda a Chiwindi Chamafuta, Matenda a Impso |
| Kuopsa kwa khansa | Kuwonjezeka kwa chiopsezo cha khansa ya kapamba, m'matumbo, m'mawere, ndi chiwindi |
| Thanzi la maganizo | Kuvutika maganizo ndi mavuto ena amisala |
| Umoyo wobereka | Mavuto okhudzana ndi kubereka amakhudza kuthekera kwa akazi ndi amuna kukhala ndi ana |
N’chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika? Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri?
Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kunenepa kumachitika chifukwa cha kusalingana pakati pa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe timadya ndi kuchuluka kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe timachita. Izi ndi zoona pamlingo wina. Tikadya ma calories ambiri kuposa momwe thupi lathu limatenthera, mphamvu yochulukirapo imasungidwa m'thupi ngati mafuta (mafuta).
Koma nkhaniyi siimathera pamenepo. Iyi ndi nkhani yovuta kwambiri.
Chofunika kwambiri: Kumbukirani, Kunenepa kwa Gulu Lachitatu sikumachitika chifukwa cha kusowa kwanu mphamvu kapena kulephera kulamulira kudya kwanu.
Pali zifukwa zina zambiri zomwe zimakhudza izi:
- Majini: Mungadabwe kudziwa kuti majini opitilira 15 apezeka omwe amagwirizana ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Anthu ena ali ndi chibadwa chofuna kunenepa kwambiri. Matenda ena a majini, monga Prader-Willi syndrome, angayambitsenso kunenepa kwambiri.
- Kusalingana kwa mahomoni: Mahomoni ndi zinthu zamphamvu kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Matenda okhudzana ndi mahomoni monga hypothyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, ndi polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) angayambitse kunenepa kosafunikira.
- Mankhwala ena: Mankhwala ena omwe mumamwa, mwachitsanzo, mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo, mankhwala oletsa kusokonezeka maganizo, ndi corticosteroids, angayambitsenso kunenepa ngati zotsatira zoyipa.
- Zinthu Zachikhalidwe ndi Chikhalidwe: Tangoganizirani, kodi pali malonda angati pa wailesi yakanema ndi pa intaneti okhudza chakudya chofulumira komanso chopatsa mphamvu zambiri? Ngakhale ku Sri Lanka, tsopano n'kosavuta kupeza shopu ya "Shot-Eats" kapena buledi, koma n'kovuta kupeza ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso zabwino. Komanso, kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe timadya ndi kwakukulu kwambiri tsopano kuposa kale.
- Zinthu zokhudzana ndi chilengedwe ndi zachuma: Nthawi zina chakudya chofulumira chimakhala chotsika mtengo komanso chosavuta kupeza kuposa zakudya zopatsa thanzi. Komanso, ngati mukukhala kudera lomwe kulibe malo otetezeka kapena mapaki oti muyendemo ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, zimenezo zingathandizenso kunenepa.
Zinthu zina zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cholemera
Kuwonjezera pa zifukwa zomwe zili pamwambapa, zinthu izi zingakuwonjezereni chiopsezo chanu:
- Kusagona mokwanira: Kafukufuku wapeza kuti pali kugwirizana pakati pa anthu omwe amagona maola osakwana 7 patsiku ndi BMI yokwera.
- Kupsinjika maganizo kosatha: Ngati mwakhala mukuvutika maganizo kwa nthawi yayitali, thupi lanu limatulutsa mahomoni monga ``Cortisol``. Mahomoni amenewa amalamulira njala yathu ndi kagayidwe kathu ka mphamvu, zomwe zingayambitse kunenepa.
- Zaka: Pamene mukukalamba, kagayidwe ka thupi m'thupi lanu kamachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiopsezo chonenepa chiwonjezeke.
- Jenda: Azimayi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mafuta ambiri m'thupi kuposa amuna, ndipo amathanso kunenepa panthawi ya mimba ndi kusamba.
Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji vutoli?
Mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala, adzachita zinthu zingapo kuti atsimikizire vutoli.
1. Kuwerengera kwa BMI: Choyamba, kutalika ndi kulemera kwanu zimayesedwa ndipo BMI yanu imawerengedwa.
2. Kuyeza kuzungulira m'chiuno: Uku ndi kuyeza kofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa mafuta omwe amasungidwa mozungulira mimba amawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima.
- Kwa akazi: Ngati kutalika kwake kuli kopitirira mainchesi 35
- Kwa amuna: Ngati kutalika kwake kuli kopitirira mainchesi 40
- (Kwa ife omwe ndife ochokera ku South Asia, madokotala amaona kuti ngakhale zinthu zochepa kwambiri ndi zoopsa.)
3. Kuyezetsa magazi ndi mayeso ena: Dokotala wanu angakulangizeni mayeso osiyanasiyana kuti aone ngati pali matenda ena omwe akukuthandizani kuti muwonjezere thupi lanu komanso kuti adziwe mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri.
| Dzina la mayeso | Kodi kuyesedwa n’chiyani? |
|---|---|
| Mbiri ya Mafuta | Miyezo ya cholesterol m'magazi ndi triglyceride |
| Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) | Kuzindikira matenda a shuga kapena matenda a shuga asanafike |
| Mayeso a Ntchito ya Chiwindi | Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza ntchito ya chiwindi ndi mafuta omwe amaikidwa m'chiwindi |
| Hormone Yolimbikitsa Chithokomiro (TSH) | Kuwona momwe chithokomiro chikugwira ntchito |
| Electrocardiogram (EKG) | Kuwona momwe mtima ukugwira ntchito |
Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani? Kodi timachita bwanji ndi vutoli?
Iyi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri. Kumbukirani kuti palibe chithandizo chimodzi chokha. Mudzafunika dongosolo la chithandizo lomwe lili ndi inu, kutengera thupi lanu, moyo wanu, komanso zolinga zanu zaumoyo. Dokotala wanu adzakuthandizani pa izi.
Njira zazikulu zochizira zitha kugawidwa m'magulu anayi:
1. Kusintha kwa moyo wathanzi
Ichi ndiye maziko a chithandizo.
- Kusintha kwa zakudya:Mukhoza kukumana ndi katswiri wa zakudya kuti mukonzekere zakudya zoyenera. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti musiye kudya, koma kudya zinthu zoyenera, pamlingo woyenera, komanso panthawi yoyenera.
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi: Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi sikuti ndi kwabwino kokha pochepetsa thupi, komanso ndi kwabwino pa thanzi lanu la maganizo. Komabe, musayambe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi imodzi. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mtundu wa masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe ndi oyenera kwa inu komanso nthawi yomwe muyenera kuchita.
- Kugona bwino: Ndikofunikira kugona bwino kwa maola 7-8 patsiku.
- Kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo: Kupsinjika maganizo ndi chifukwa chachikulu chowonjezera kunenepa. Zinthu monga kusinkhasinkha ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi opumira zingakuthandizeni kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo.
2. Kuchiza ndi Khalidwe ndi Maganizo
Nthawi zina pangakhale zifukwa zamaganizo zomwe zimayambitsa kadyedwe kathu. Matenda monga kupsinjika maganizo ndi nkhawa nthawi zambiri amawoneka limodzi ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kulankhula ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo (Talk Therapy) kungakhale kothandiza kwambiri. `(Cognitive Behavioral Therapy - CBT)` ndi njira imodzi yothandiza yogwiritsira ntchito izi.
3. Mankhwala
Ngati kusintha kwa moyo kokha sikukwanira kulamulira kulemera kwanu, dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala okuthandizani kuchepetsa thupi. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito makamaka poletsa njala yanu ndikukupangitsani kumva kukhuta mutadya pang'ono.
Zitsanzo: `(Orlistat)`, `(Liraglutide)`, `(Semaglutide)`
Mankhwalawa ayenera kumwedwa pokhapokha ngati dokotala wakupatsani upangiri . Akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zake, choncho dokotala wanu adzakuthandizani kusankha mankhwala oyenera.
4. Maopaleshoni ndi njira zochepetsera thupi
Njira izi zitha kuganiziridwa kwa anthu onenepa kwambiri ndipo alephera njira zina zonse. Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya izi.
- Njira zoyezera m'mimba: Njira zosagwiritsa ntchito opaleshoni zomwe zimaphatikizapo kulowetsa endoscope (chubu chokhala ndi kamera) kudzera pakamwa kuti mimba ikhale yaying'ono. Mwachitsanzo: Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG).
- Opaleshoni ya Bariatric: Awa ndi opaleshoni.
- Opaleshoni ya Kudutsa M'mimba: Gawo laling'ono la m'mimba limapangidwa ndikulumikizidwa mwachindunji ku matumbo ang'onoang'ono.
- Kuchotsa Mimba m'Manja: Mbali yaikulu ya m'mimba imachotsedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mimba ikhale yaying'ono.
Ngakhale kuti opaleshoni imeneyi ingapereke zotsatira zabwino kwambiri, ilinso ndi zoopsa komanso zovuta. Chifukwa chake, ichi ndi chisankho chachikulu kwambiri. Muyenera kukambirana nkhaniyi ndi dokotala wanu kwa nthawi yayitali.
Mafunso oti mufunse dokotala wanu
Ngati mukuvutika kuchepetsa thupi lanu, musazengereze kupita kwa dokotala. Mukapita kwa iye, kumufunsa mafunso awa kudzakuthandizani kwambiri.
| Funsani dokotala wanu. |
|---|
| - Kodi ndili ndi matenda ena aliwonse omwe angayambitse kunenepa kwanga? |
| - Kodi mankhwala omwe ndimamwa angapangitse kuti thupi liwonjezeke? |
| - Ndi zizolowezi ziti zomwe ndakhala nazo pa moyo wanga zomwe zakhudza kwambiri vutoli? |
| - Ndi mavuto ena ati azaumoyo omwe ndakhala nawo chifukwa cha kunenepa kwanga? |
| - Ndi njira ziti zochiritsira zomwe ndili nazo? |
| - Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa katswiri wa zakudya? |
| - Kodi mankhwala ochepetsa thupi kapena opaleshoni ndi yoyenera kwa ine? |
Pomaliza, ulendo wopita ku kuchepetsa thupi ukhoza kukhala wovuta. Pakhoza kukhala kukwera ndi kutsika panjira. Koma sizingatheke. M'malo moyesa kusintha kwakukulu nthawi imodzi, pangani kusintha pang'ono kamodzi. Kumbukirani kuti ngakhale kutaya pang'ono 5% kapena 10% ya kulemera kwanu konse kungakhale ndi zotsatira zabwino pazinthu monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuchuluka kwa shuga, ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol . Izi zidzasintha moyo wanu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kunenepa kwambiri (Kunenepa Kwambiri kwa Gulu Lachitatu) si kufooka kwa munthu, koma vuto lachipatala lovuta lomwe limakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zingapo za majini, mahomoni, komanso zachilengedwe.
- Matendawa amabweretsa mavuto ambiri azaumoyo, monga matenda a shuga, matenda a mtima, ndi khansa, koma amatha kuchiritsidwa bwino.
- Njira zochiritsira zimasiyana malinga ndi munthu ndipo zingaphatikizepo kusintha moyo, mankhwala, komanso nthawi zina opaleshoni.
- Ngati mukuda nkhawa ndi kulemera kwanu, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ndikupanga dongosolo la chithandizo lomwe lingakuthandizeni.
- Kondwerani ngakhale zipambano zazing'ono! Kuchepetsa thupi pang'ono mpaka 5% ya kulemera kwanu konse kungapangitse kusiyana kwakukulu pa thanzi lanu.
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