Mliri wa Spanish Flu womwe unagwedeza dziko lapansi zaka 100 zapitazo

Posachedwapa tonse takhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mliri wa COVID-19 , sichoncho? Koma kodi mumadziwa kuti zaka zoposa 100 zapitazo, mu 1918, panali mliri wofanana ndi umenewu womwe unagwedeza dziko lonse lapansi? Unali "Spanish Flu ." Unakhudza pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a anthu padziko lonse lapansi ndikupha anthu mamiliyoni ambiri. Chifukwa chake lero, tiyeni tikambirane za Spanish Flu, chifukwa chake inali yoipa kwambiri, komanso maphunziro omwe tingaphunzirepo.

Kodi kwenikweni Spanish Flu ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, chimfine cha ku Spain cha mu 1918 chinali mliri wapadziko lonse womwe unayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka chimfine. Chinayamba mu 1918 ndipo chinali ndi mafunde atatu akuluakulu a matenda - masika, nthawi yophukira, ndi nthawi yozizira. Mafunde achiwiri, omwe adachitika nthawi yophukira, anali oopsa kwambiri . Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti mafunde achinayi mwina adachitika m'zaka za m'ma 1920.

Chodabwitsa n'chakuti imfa zambiri chifukwa cha mliriwu zimachitika mwa achinyamata azaka zapakati pa 20 ndi 40, omwe nthawi zambiri sadwala kwambiri ndi chimfine. Ngakhale kuti ana aang'ono ndi okalamba nthawi zambiri amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha chimfine, kufalikira kumeneku kwawonetsanso kuti achinyamata ambiri athanzi amafa. Asayansi akuyesetsabe kupeza chifukwa chenicheni chomwe izi zachitikira.

Kodi mliriwu unali woipa bwanji?

Tangoganizirani, akuti gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a anthu padziko lonse lapansi panthawiyo, kapena anthu pafupifupi 500 miliyoni , adadwala chimfinechi.

Ponena za chiwerengero cha anthu omwe anamwalira, anthu pafupifupi 50 miliyoni anafa padziko lonse lapansi pakati pa 1918 ndi 1919. Akatswiri ena amati chiwerengerochi chikhoza kufika pa 100 miliyoni. Ku United States kokha, anthu pafupifupi 675,000 anamwalira. Ziwerengerozi zokha zimakupatsani lingaliro la momwe vutoli lilili loopsa.

N’chifukwa chiyani fuluwenza ya ku Spain inali yoopsa kwambiri?

Palibe chifukwa chimodzi chokha cha izi, koma pali zambiri. Tiyeni tiwone zifukwa zazikulu.

Kodi zizindikiro za malungo amenewa zinali zotani?

Zizindikiro zomwe anthu adakumana nazo mu 1918 zinali zofanana pang'ono ndi chimfine chomwe timachipeza masiku ano. Komabe, zizindikirozo nthawi zambiri zinali zoopsa kwambiri.

• Mwadzidzidzi, nthawi zina kutentha thupi kwambiri.
• Chifuwa chouma .
• Mutu ndi kupweteka kwa thupi .
• Kuvuta kupuma.
• Chikhure.
• Kunjenjemera ndi kumva kuzizira.
• Kuzizira.
• Chakudya chilibe kukoma .
• Kufooka kwakukulu.
• Kutopa kwambiri.
• Kusintha kwa mtundu wabuluu kwa khungu, milomo, kapena misomali. Izi zimatchedwa cyanosis . Zimatanthauza kuti mulibe mpweya wokwanira m'magazi.
• Kutupa kwa m'mapapo .
• Kutuluka magazi m'thupi.

N’chifukwa chiyani imatchedwa ‘Spanish Flu’? Kodi inayambadi ku Spain?

Izi ndi malingaliro olakwika omwe anthu ambiri ali nawo. Fuluwenzayi idatchedwa "Spanish flu" osati chifukwa idayamba ku Spain. Ndipotu, akukhulupirira kuti milandu yoyamba idanenedwa kuchokera ku gulu lankhondo la ku America.

Nanga n’chifukwa chiyani dzinali linayamba? Chifukwa cha zimenezi ndi Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse. Mayiko monga America, Britain, ndi France, omwe anali nawo pankhondoyi, sanapereke uthenga kwa atolankhani wokhudza kufalikira kwa mliriwu m’maiko awo. Iwo ankaopa kuti zingachepetse mtima wa asilikali ndi anthu.

Koma Spain sinali nawo pankhondo panthawiyo. Choncho atolankhani a dziko lawo ankanena za mliriwu momasuka. Dziko lonse lapansi linayamba kuphunzira za matendawa mwatsatanetsatane kuchokera m'manyuzipepala aku Spain. Choncho, anthu ankaganiza kuti uwu unali matenda omwe anayamba ku Spain. Ndicho chifukwa chake dzina lakuti "Spanish flu" linakhalapo.

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa chimfine cha ku Spain ndi COVID-19 ndi kotani?

Miliri yonse iwiri idayambitsidwa ndi mavairasi awiri osiyana. Mliri wa 1918 udayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka fuluwenza A (H1N1) . Mliri wa COVID-19, womwe unayamba kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2019, udayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo katsopano ka coronavirus. Koma m'zochitika zonsezi, matupi a anthu analibe chitetezo cholimbana ndi mavairasi awa.

Komanso, m'miliri yonse iwiriyi, akuluakulu azaumoyo adatenga njira zofanana kuti athetse kufalikira kwa matendawa.

• Kutsekedwa kwa masukulu.
• Kuletsa misonkhano ya anthu onse.
• Kuvala zovala zodzitetezera monga zophimba nkhope n’kofunika kwambiri.
• Kuika odwala ndi anzawo m'ndende.

Monga momwe tinachitira ndi zinthu izi panthawi ya COVID-19, mayiko ambiri padziko lonse lapansi adazikhazikitsa mu 1918.

Kodi taphunzira chiyani kuchokera ku mliri wa 1918?

Mliri wa chimfine cha ku Spain wa mu 1918 unatiphunzitsa zinthu zambiri zofunika. Chifukwa cha maphunziro amenewo, tinali okonzeka pang'ono kukumana ndi mliri wa COVID-19.

Masiku ano, tili ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe sitinali nazo mu 1918. Katemera woteteza chimfine, mankhwala opha mavairasi ochizira ngati chikachitika, ndi zipinda zosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICUs) zochizira odwala kwambiri.Tili ndi malo otere masiku ano.

Mliriwu umatikumbutsanso kuti anthu azaka zilizonse komanso thanzi lililonse akhoza kudwala kwambiri panthawi ya mliri. Chifukwa chake, potsatira malangizo a akuluakulu azaumoyo, sitingathe kudziteteza tokha, komanso mabanja athu, anansi athu, ndi anthu onse.