Nkhumba ndi chiwalo chaching'ono, chofanana ndi chibakera chomwe chili kumanzere kwa mimba yanu, pamwamba pa nthiti zanu. Mwina simunamvepo za izi, koma ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la chitetezo chathu chamthupi. Mwachidule, ntchito yayikulu ya nkhumba ndi kupanga maselo oyera amagazi omwe amalimbana ndi matenda, ndikusefa maselo akale amagazi owonongeka. Chifukwa chake, ngati nkhumbayo sikutha kuchita ntchito izi bwino, kaya chifukwa cha ngozi kapena matenda, ikhoza kukhala chiwopsezo ku thanzi lanu. Pamenepo ndi pomwe madokotala amasankha kuchotsa nkhumbayo (splenectomy) mwa opaleshoni.
Kodi n'zotheka kukhala popanda ndulu?
Funso ili mwina linakufikiraninso. Inde, lingathe. Tchire likachotsedwa, ntchito zambiri zomwe linachita zimatengedwa ndi chiwindi ndi mafupa athu. Chifukwa chake, palibe choletsa kuti mukhale ndi moyo wabwinobwino, wathanzi, komanso wodzaza.
Koma pali chinthu chimodzi. Tsungu ndi msilikali wamphamvu amene amalimbana ndi matenda. Choncho ikatha, mphamvu ya thupi lathu yolimbana ndi matenda imakhala yofooka pang'ono. Choncho tiyenera kusamala kwambiri kuposa masiku onse.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti tiyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi zinthu monga kulandira katemera pa nthawi yake komanso kukhala maso ndi zizindikiro za matenda.
N’chifukwa chiyani muyenera kuchotsa ndulu iyi?
Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe ndulu ingachotsedwe. Kuyambira ngozi mpaka matenda a nthawi yayitali, pali zifukwa zambiri za izi. Tiyeni tiwone zifukwa zazikulu.
| Chifukwa | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Nkhumba Yosweka | Imeneyi ndi ngozi yofala kwambiri. Tangoganizirani kuti mwavulala kwambiri mbali yakumanzere ya mimba yanu, kaya chifukwa cha ngozi ya galimoto, kugwa kuchokera kutalika, kapena mukusewera masewera. Izi zitha kuwononga ndulu yanu ndikuyambitsa kutuluka magazi mkati. Izi zitha kukhala zoopsa ndipo zimafuna opaleshoni yachangu. |
| Matenda a Magazi | Nkhumba imachotsedwa pamene njira zina zothandizira matenda ena okhudzana ndi magazi sizikuyenda bwino. Zitsanzo zake ndi izi: Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP), Polycythemia Vera, Thalassemia, Sickle Cell Anemia, ndi Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia. |
| Mitundu ya Khansa | Ngati ndulu ikukula ndi kupweteka chifukwa cha khansa monga Hodgkin Lymphoma ndi Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, ingafunike kuchotsedwa. ndulu nthawi zina imachotsedwanso panthawi ya opaleshoni ya khansa ya kapamba. |
| Splenomegaly | Ngati ndulu yakula popanda chifukwa chomveka bwino ndipo ikuyambitsa zizindikiro monga kupweteka m'mimba, nduluyo ikhoza kuchotsedwa kuti ipeze chomwe chikuyambitsa ndikulamulira zizindikirozo. |
| Matenda | Kawirikawiri, ngati chinthu chonga thumba chikapangika mkati mwa ndulu, opaleshoni imafunika kuti chichotsedwe. |
Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani musanachite opaleshoni?
Ngati opaleshoniyi si yadzidzidzi, koma yokonzedwa, mudzakhala ndi nthawi yokonzekera. Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani zinthu izi.
- Kulandira katemera: Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Popeza chiopsezo chotenga matenda chimakhala chachikulu ndulu ikachotsedwa, ndikofunikira kupeza katemera wofunikira kuti muteteze ku matendawo milungu ingapo opaleshoni isanachitike. Mwanjira imeneyi, chitetezo cha mthupi lanu chidzakhala champhamvu kwambiri opaleshoni ikachitika.
- Pewani kusuta: Ngati ndinu wosuta fodya, kusiya kusuta musanachite opaleshoni kungathandize kwambiri kuti mabala anu achire msanga.
- Mayeso azachipatala: Dokotala wanu adzakuyesani, adzakuyesani magazi, kusanthula, ndi mayeso ena kuti atsimikizire kuti thupi lanu lili bwino kuti lichite opaleshoni.
- Malangizo ena: Dokotala wanu adzakulangizani nthawi yoti musiye kudya ndi kumwa tsiku lisanafike opaleshoni, komanso ngati muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwala enaake kwakanthawi, monga mankhwala ochepetsa magazi.
Kodi opaleshoniyi imachitidwa bwanji?
Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zochotsera ndulu. Mu njira zonse ziwiri, mumapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu, kotero simukumva chilichonse ndipo mukugona.
Opaleshoni ya Laparoscopic
Iyi ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri masiku ano. Imatchedwanso "opaleshoni ya keyhole." M'malo mopanga ming'alu yayikulu m'mimba, opaleshoniyi imachitika kudzera m'mabala ang'onoang'ono atatu kapena anayi, omwe amalowetsa kamera (laparoscope) ndi zida zofewa zochitira opaleshoni. Dokotalayo amachita opaleshoniyo akuonera zithunzi kuchokera ku kamera pa chowunikira. Munjira iyi, ming'aluyo ndi yaying'ono, kotero ululu suchepa, kuchira mwachangu , komanso nthawi yochepa kuchipatala.
Opaleshoni Yotseguka
Ngati ndulu ndi yayikulu kwambiri kapena ikutuluka magazi mosalamulirika, zingakhale zovuta kuichotsa pogwiritsa ntchito laparoscopic. Pamenepo madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito opaleshoni yotseguka. Izi zimaphatikizapo kudula pang'ono m'mimba.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni?
Mudzatha kupita kunyumba patatha masiku awiri kapena atatu ngati munachitidwa opaleshoni ya laparoscopic, ndipo patatha masiku asanu kapena asanu ndi awiri ngati munachitidwa opaleshoni yotseguka. Musanapite kunyumba, gulu lachipatala lidzakufotokozerani mwatsatanetsatane zinthu zomwe muyenera kusamalira mukakhala opanda ndulu.
- Kupeza katemera woyenera: Mudzapatsidwa nthawi yeniyeni yopezera katemera. Izi zikuphatikizapo katemera woteteza ku Pneumococcus, Meningococcus, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), ndi katemera wa chimfine wa pachaka ndi katemera wa COVID. Ndikofunikira kupeza katemerayu pa nthawi yake.
- Mankhwala Opha Majeremusi: Anthu ena, makamaka ana osakwana zaka 5 ndi omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, angapatsidwe mankhwala opha majeremusi tsiku lililonse. Kuphatikiza apo, dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala opha majeremusi omwe mungamwe mukadwala matenda monga malungo kapena chifuwa.
- Chiphaso cha Zachipatala: Ndikofunikira kwambiri kunyamula khadi kapena chibangili cha chiphaso cha zachipatala chosonyeza kuti ndulu yanu yachotsedwa. Izi zithandiza kwambiri anthu omwe akukuthandizani pakagwa ngozi.
- Mukayenda: Ngati mukupita paulendo wautali, makamaka kudera lomwe matenda monga malungo ndi ofala, onani dokotala milungu ingapo musanapite kuti akalandire upangiri ndi katemera wofunikira.
Zinthu zoti muzisamala nazo komanso nthawi yoti mukafunse upangiri kwa dokotala
Kwa munthu wopanda ndulu, ngakhale matenda ang'onoang'ono amatha kukhala aakulu msanga. Choncho dziwani bwino zizindikiro zimenezi. Izi zimadziwikanso kuti "zizindikiro zofiira."
| Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yodzidzimutsa yapafupi (ETU) nthawi yomweyo! | |
|---|---|
| Malungo (kupitirira 101°F / 38.5°C) | Kunjenjemera chifukwa cha chimfine |
| Kutuluka ngati mafinya kuchokera pa bala la opaleshoni | Kufiira ndi kutupa kuzungulira bala |
| Kutsokomola ndi kupuma movutikira | Kupweteka kwambiri m'mimba, nseru, ndi kusanza |
| Ngati mwalumidwa ndi nyama (makamaka galu, mphaka) | Ululu womwe sumatha ngakhale mutamwa mankhwala ochepetsa ululu |
OPSI (Overwhelming Post-Splenectomy Infection) ndi matenda oopsa omwe amapezeka pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Izi zitha kukhala zoopsa ngati simunalandire chithandizo mwachangu. Chifukwa chake , ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zilizonse zomwe zili pamwambapa, musataye nthawi ndipo pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandizira Zadzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala nthawi yomweyo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kuchotsa ndulu ndi opaleshoni yochotsa ndulu. Ngakhale kuti iyi ndi opaleshoni yaikulu, mutha kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wathunthu popanda ndulu.
- Popanda ndulu, mphamvu ya thupi lanu yolimbana ndi matenda imachepa pang'ono. Choncho kudziteteza ku matenda ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri.
- Pezani katemera onse omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani pa nthawi yake, popanda kuphonya ngakhale kamodzi.
- Ngati mukupeza zizindikiro zilizonse za matenda, monga malungo, kuzizira, kapena kutupa kwa bala, musanyalanyaze. Funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo kapena pitani ku Dipatimenti Yoona Zadzidzidzi (ETU) yapafupi.
- Mukatsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola, mutha kukhala otetezeka komanso athanzi.
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