Inu ndi achibale anu muli ndi zinthu zambiri zofanana, sichoncho? Maso abuluu, kutalika, ndi matenda monga mphumu ndi matenda a mtima zonse zitha kuperekedwa kwa mibadwomibadwo. Chifukwa chake ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga a Mtundu 1, mwina mukudzifunsa kuti, "Kodi izi ndi zomwe ndinatengera kwa ine?" Ndipo mwina mukuda nkhawa pang'ono kuti ana anu nawonso atenga matendawa. Ndikofunikira kudziwa izi.
Choyamba, tiyeni timvetse kuti matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba ndi matenda odziteteza okha . Abambo, kodi zimenezo zikumveka zovuta pang'ono? Chabwino, ndiloleni ndifotokoze mwachidule. Tangoganizani kuti pali gulu lankhondo loteteza dziko lathu. Ntchito yokhayo ya gulu lankhondo limenelo ndikuteteza dzikolo kwa adani akunja. Thupi lathu lilinso ndi chitetezo chofanana. Timachitcha chitetezo chamthupi . Ntchito yake ndi kuzindikira ndikuwononga adani akunja monga majeremusi, mavairasi, ndi mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa matenda, ndikutisunga athanzi.
Komabe, mu matenda odziteteza okha awa, chitetezo chathu chimalakwika pang'ono ndipo sichingathe kusiyanitsa pakati pa maselo athu abwino ndi adani akunja. Zili ngati gulu lathu lankhondo likuukira anthu osalakwa m'dziko lathu.
Mu matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba, chitetezo chamthupi cholakwikachi chimaukira mtundu wapadera wa selo mu kapamba wathu wotchedwa 'maselo a beta' . Maselo a beta awa ndi omwe amapanga mahomoni a insulin, omwe ndi ofunikira m'thupi lathu. Insulin ndi yomwe imatenga shuga (shuga) kuchokera muzakudya zomwe timadya ndikutumiza m'maselo kuti asandulike mphamvu. Chifukwa chake chitetezo chamthupi chikawononga maselo a beta awa, kupanga insulin kumayima kwathunthu. Pamenepo ndi pomwe matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba amakula.
Ndiye kodi mbadwo ukugwirizana bwanji ndi izi?
Inde, matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba amapezeka m'mabanja. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pali kulumikizana kwa majini. Ngati amayi anu, abambo anu, mchimwene wanu, mlongo wanu, kapena mwana wanu ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba, muli ndi mwayi wochuluka wopeza matendawa nthawi 15 kuposa munthu wopanda wachibale amene ali nawo.
Koma kumbukirani izi: Musachite mantha mukamva izi. Kungoti muli ndi mwayi wopeza matendawa nthawi 15 sizikutanthauza kuti mudzadwaladi.
Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, 85% ya anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba, kapena anthu opitilira asanu ndi atatu mwa khumi, alibe mbiri ya m'banja lawo ya matendawa . Komanso, ngakhale wina m'banjamo ali ndi matendawa, mwayi woti ena adwale matendawa ndi wochepa kwambiri.
Kodi izi zimachitika bwanji? Kodi ndi majini okha?
Ayi. Chofunika ndichakuti, majini okha si omwe amachititsa.Taganizirani majini ngati gulu la ufa wokonzeka kuyaka. Koma kuti uyake, umafunika kuwala kwakunja. Kuwaka kumeneko ndi komwe timatcha 'zinthu zachilengedwe' .
Madokotala ndi asayansi akuyesetsabe kupeza chomwe 'choyambitsa' ichi ndi chiyani. Chingakhale matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi, china chake mu chakudya chomwe timadya, kapena china chilichonse chokhudzana ndi chilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, kuti munthu apeze matenda a shuga a Mtundu 1, ayenera kukhala ndi majini omwe amamupangitsa kukhala ndi matendawa, ndipo ayenera kukhala pachiwopsezo cha chilengedwe chomwe chimayambitsa majini amenewo. Zinthu zonsezi zikagwirizana, chitetezo cha mthupi chimasokonekera ndipo chimayamba kuukira maselo a beta.
Kodi majini otani omwe amagwirizana ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba?
Asayansi akuchita kafukufuku wambiri pa kusintha kwa majini komwe kumakhudzana ndi matenda a shuga a Mtundu 1. Majini ambiriwa amakhudza momwe chitetezo chathu chamthupi chimagwirira ntchito. Chimodzi mwa zofunika kwambiri ndi majini a HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) . Majini a HLA awa ndi omwe amaphunzitsa chitetezo chamthupi kusiyanitsa "maselo athu ndi maselo akunja." Chifukwa chake ngati pali cholakwika m'majini awa a HLA, chitetezo chamthupi sichingathe kusiyanitsa bwino izi.
Majini a HLA awa amagawidwanso m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mutha kupeza lingaliro losavuta la izi kuchokera patebulo lomwe lili pansipa.
| Mitundu ya Majini | Zotsatira za Matenda a Shuga a Mtundu 1 |
|---|---|
| HLA-DR2 | Zikuoneka kuti zimateteza ku matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba pamlingo winawake. |
| HLA-DR3 kapena HLA-DR4 | Matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba amawonjezera chiopsezo . Ndi ofala kwambiri pakati pa anthu oyera. |
| HLA-DR7 | Anthu akuda adziwika kuti ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu . |
| HLA-DR9 | Zadziwika kuti zikuwonjezera chiopsezo kwa anthu aku Japan. |
Kuphatikiza apo, kusiyana kwina kwa majini a INS, omwe amalangiza thupi kupanga insulin, kungagwirizanenso ndi matenda a shuga a Mtundu 1.
Mayeso a majini amenewa nthawi zambiri amachitidwa pamlingo wofufuza. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za izi kapena muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse yokhudza mbiri ya banja lanu, ndi bwino kukambirana momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za izi.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha vuto la chitetezo chamthupi (matenda a autoimmune), osati cholowa.
- Ngakhale kuti kukhala ndi wachibale amene ali ndi matenda a shuga a Mtundu 1 kumawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chotenga matendawa, sizikutanthauza kuti inuyo kapena mwana wanu mutenga matendawa.
- Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a Mtundu 1 (pafupifupi 85%) alibe mbiri ya m'banja lawo ya matendawa.
- Kuti matendawa ayambe, pamafunika chibadwa cha munthu komanso choyambitsa chilengedwe .
- Ngati muli ndi nkhawa kapena kukayikira za mbiri ya banja lanu ya matenda a shuga kapena chiopsezo cha mwana wanu, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izi ndipo funsani upangiri woyenera.
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