Ma testicles ndi chiwalo chofunikira kwambiri komanso chosavuta kumva m'thupi la mwamuna. Komabe, anthu ambiri m'dera lathu amachita manyazi pang'ono kulankhula za izi poyera. Koma kwenikweni, kudziwa bwino za gawo lofunika la thupi lanu ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wachimwemwe. Chifukwa chake lero, popanda kubisa chilichonse, tiyeni tikambirane za izi mosavuta, mwanjira yomwe mungamvetse, monga momwe mungachitire ndi mnzanu.
Mwachidule, kodi machende awa ndi chiyani?
Ma testicles, kapena `(Testicles)`, ndi gawo lalikulu la njira yoberekera ya amuna. Nthawi zambiri, mwamuna amakhala ndi ma testicles awiri. Anthu ena amagwiritsa ntchito mayina monga ``mafupa'' kapena ``mipira'' pa izi. M'mawu azachipatala, timatchanso mayina awa ``(Testicles)``. Testicle imodzi imatchedwa ``(Testis)``.
Izi zimapezeka pansi pa mbolo yanu, m'thumba la khungu lotchedwa scrotum. Nthawi zambiri, chimodzi chimakhala kumanja ndipo china chimakhala kumanzere.
Tsopano mwina mukudabwa chifukwa chake izi zili m'thumba kunja kwa thupi. Pali chifukwa chapadera cha zimenezo. Tikambirana za zimenezo posachedwa.
Kodi ntchito ziwiri zazikulu za machende ndi ziti?
Ma testicles ali ndi ntchito ziwiri zofunika kwambiri.
1. Kupanga umuna: Maselo oberekera a amuna omwe amafunika kuti apange mwana, otchedwa umuna, amapangidwa mkati mwa machende awa.
2. Kupanga mahomoni: Apa ndi pomwe testosterone, mahomoni akuluakulu omwe amalamulira makhalidwe a mwamuna, ndi mahomoni ena angapo amapangidwa.
Tiyeni tsopano tiwone ntchito ziwirizi mwatsatanetsatane.
1. Njira yodabwitsa yopangira umuna
Timatcha njira yopangira umuna kuti `(Spermatogenesis)`. Ichi ndi chinthu chodabwitsa kwambiri.
Tangoganizani, kuti umuna utuluke, kutentha kwa machende kuyenera kukhala madigiri awiri Celsius pansi pa kutentha kwabwinobwino kwa thupi lathu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake machende amakhala kunja kwa thupi, mkati mwa thumba la mbolo. Chikwama ichi chimatha kufinya ndikukula kutengera kutentha. Chikakhala chozizira, chimakhala pafupi ndi thupi ndipo chimatentha, ndipo chikakhala chotentha, chimakhala kutali ndi thupi ndipo chimazizira.
Mkati mwa tchire lililonse, muli machubu ambiri aatali komanso opyapyala. Awa amatchedwa "machubu a seminiferous." N'zovuta kuganiza, pali machubu pafupifupi 700 mu tchire limodzi. M'kati mwa machubu amenewo ndi momwe umuna umapangidwa.
Zimatenga masiku pafupifupi 74 kuti umuna wosakhwima ukhale wokhwima mokwanira. Munthawi yonseyi, umalandira zakudya ndi magazi omwe umafunikira kudzera m'machubu amenewa.
Kenako, umuna wopangidwawu umakankhidwira mu njira ina ya machubu kumbuyo kwa machende. Umatchedwa `(epididymis)`. Pamenepo, umuna umakulanso. Pomaliza pake, nthawi yoti utuluke m'thupi ndi umuna, umadutsa mu chubu chotchedwa `(vas deferens)` ndikutuluka kudzera mbolo.
2. Mahomoni ofunikira opangidwa ndi machende
Testosterone ndiye khalidwe lalikulu apa. Homoni iyi ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti mawu a mwamuna azitha kuzama, minofu ikhale yolimba, komanso kuti tsitsi la thupi ndi nkhope likule. Imakhudzanso mwachindunji chilakolako chogonana ndi magwiridwe antchito.
Koma si testosterone yokha, komanso mahomoni ena angapo omwe amapangidwa pano.
- Inhibin B: Iyi ndi puloteni yomwe imagwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa umuna ndi kuchuluka kwa ma testicular.
- Homoni ya Anti- Mullerian : Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pakukula bwino kwa ziwalo zamkati mwa dongosolo loberekera la abambo panthawi ya kukula kwa mwana wosabadwayo.
- Chinthu chachitatu chofanana ndi insulin: Homoni iyi imathandiza kuti machende azitsika kuchokera m'mimba kupita m'thumba la mwana akadali m'mimba.
- Estradiol: Ngakhale kuti iyi imadziwika kuti ndi homoni yachikazi, homoni iyi imafunikanso pang'ono kuti umuna upangidwe.
Kodi mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwabwinobwino kwa machende ndi kotani?
Machende ali mkati mwa thumba la machende, kotero sitingathe kuwaona mwachindunji. Koma timatha kuwona mawonekedwe awo kuchokera kunja ndikuwakhudza. Nthawi zambiri amafotokozedwa kuti amaoneka ngati azitona zazikulu, mazira ang'onoang'ono, kapena mtedza.
Ponena za kukula, palibe chinthu chotchedwa "uku ndiye kukula koyenera." Kungasiyane malinga ndi munthu. Chofunika ndichakuti ndi zachilendo kuti machende anu akhale osiyana kukula ndi malo.
- Chidendene chimodzi chingakhale chachikulu pang'ono kuposa china.
- Chimodzi chingakhale chotsika pang'ono kuposa china.
Izi ndi zinthu zabwinobwino. Palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa nazo. Kukula kwabwinobwino kwa tchire la munthu wamkulu kumatha kusiyana kuyambira kukula kwa dzira la mbalame mpaka kukula kwa dzira laling'ono la nkhuku.
Kodi ndi matenda ati omwe amakhudza machende?
Monga chiwalo china chilichonse, machende amatha kukhala ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Ngakhale kuti ena mwa matendawa amatha kupezeka ali aang'ono, palinso matenda omwe angachitike pa msinkhu uliwonse. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa izi.
| Mkhalidwe | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Hypogonadism | Kulephera kwa machende kupanga mahomoni ofunikira (makamaka testosterone). |
| Matenda a Klinefelter | Ngakhale kuti mwamuna nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chromosome imodzi ya X ndi imodzi ya Y (XY), amunawa ali ndi vuto la majini lomwe limakhala ndi chromosome yowonjezera ya X (XXY). Izi zingakhudze kukula kwa machende. |
| Kusabereka | Kulephera kutenga mimba kwa mnzanu. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa chakuti umuna supangidwa konse, supangidwa mokwanira, kapena sungathe kutulutsidwa. |
| Cryptorchidism | Chidendene chimodzi kapena zonse ziwiri sizinatsike m'mimba mwa mwana akangobadwa. Izi zimatchedwanso "chidendene chosakwezedwa." |
| Epididymitis | Matenda kapena kutupa kwa epididymis, chubu chomwe chimasunga umuna, cholumikizidwa ku machende. |
| Spermatocele | Chiphuphu chosavulaza, chodzaza ndi madzi chomwe chimapangika pamwamba kapena kumbuyo kwa tchende. |
| Kutupa kwa Matumbo a M'matumbo | Izi ndi zadzidzidzi zachipatala! Chidendene chimazungulira mtsempha wamagazi womwe umachipereka, ndikutseka magazi ake. Ngati sichilandira chithandizo nthawi yomweyo, chidendenecho chikhoza kulephera kugwira ntchito. |
| Khansa ya Matumbo | Ndi khansa yofala kwambiri pakati pa amuna azaka zapakati pa 20 ndi 35. Komabe, ngati yapezeka msanga, imatha kuchiritsidwa bwino kwambiri. |
Kuphatikiza apo, kuvulala kwakuthupi chifukwa cha zinthu monga ngozi zamagalimoto, kugwa, ndi ndewu kungayambitsenso kuwonongeka kwa machende.
Zizindikiro zochenjeza kuti muyenera kupita kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo!
Thupi lanu limakupatsirani zizindikiro pamene chinachake chalakwika. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi, musazinyalanyaze. Musachite manyazi. Pitani kwa dokotala mwamsanga.
| Chizindikiro | Zoyenera kusamala nazo kwambiri |
|---|---|
| Ululu | Kupweteka kwadzidzidzi komanso koopsa m'makoswe kapena m'machende. Izi zimawonekera makamaka mu `Testicular Torsion`. |
| Chotupa kapena kutupa | Chotupa chomwe chingamveke pamwamba kapena mkati mwa tchende. Ichi chingakhale chizindikiro cha khansa, kaya chikupweteka kapena ayi. |
| Kusintha kwa mtundu wa khungu | Kufiira kapena kusintha kwa mtundu wa khungu m'machubu. |
| Kutentha kosazolowereka | Kumva kutentha kodabwitsa m'derali. Ichi chingakhale chizindikiro cha matenda. |
| Magazi mu umuna | Kutuluka magazi ndi umuna. |
| Kupweteka m'mimba m'munsi | Pa mavuto ena a m'makonde, zingamveke ngati kupweteka m'mimba. |
Kumbukirani, kupweteka kwambiri chifukwa cha `Testicular Torsion` ndi vuto lachipatala. Ngati zili choncho, musakhale panyumba ndipo pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Zadzidzidzi (ETU) yapafupi nthawi yomweyo.
Kodi dokotalayo adzayesa mayeso otani?
Mukapita kwa dokotala, iye adzakufunsani kaye za zizindikiro zanu ndi mbiri yanu yachipatala. Kenako, kutengera zosowa zanu, mayeso amodzi kapena angapo mwa awa akhoza kuchitidwa:
- Kuwunika thupi: Dokotala adzawunika thupi lanu la chiberekero ndikuwona ngati pali zotupa, kutupa, kapena kuuma.
- Kuyezetsa magazi: Yang'anani kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kapena yang'anani zizindikiro za chotupa.
- Kuyezetsa mkodzo: Kuyang'ana ngati pali matenda.
- Kujambula kwa Ultrasound: Iyi ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yoyezera. Imakupatsani mwayi wowona bwino zomwe zili mkati mwa machende. Ngati pali chotupa, mutha kudziwa bwino ngati ndi chodzaza ndi madzi (`cyst`) kapena cholimba (`chotupa`). Zimathandizanso kutsimikizira momwe `Testicular Torsion` ilili.
Kodi mungasunge bwanji machende athanzi?
Pali zinthu zosavuta zomwe mungachite nokha kuti muteteze thanzi la machende anu.
- Dzitetezeni: Mukamasewera masewera, makamaka masewera monga cricket, mpira wamiyendo, kapena masewera ena ovuta, onetsetsani kuti mwavala chothandizira masewera (jockstrap) . Izi zingathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo chovulala.
- Khalani oyera: Sambani ndi kudziyeretsa bwino tsiku lililonse. Valani zovala zamkati zoyera ndi zovala.
- Chitani zogonana zodziteteza: Gwiritsani ntchito njira zodzitetezera monga makondomu kuti muteteze ku matenda opatsirana pogonana.
- Kudziyesa Kawirikawiri: Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Kamodzi pamwezi, dziyendereni nokha. Izi n'zosavuta kuchita mukamasamba ndi madzi ofunda, chifukwa nthawi imeneyo thumba la m'mimba limakhala lomasuka.
- Gwirani chidendene chimodzi pakati pa chala chanu chachikulu ndi chala chakutsogolo ndipo pang'onopang'ono muchizungulire.
- Chongani chinacho mwanjira yomweyo.
- Dziwani bwino momwe zimamvekera, mawonekedwe, ndi kukula kwake.
- Yang'anirani ngati pali ziphuphu zatsopano, kutupa, kapena kusintha kwina kwachilendo.
Ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse, ngakhale kutakhala kochepa, musaganize kuti, "Izi zidzachira zokha," koma pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Mukazindikira msanga, zimakhala zosavuta kuchiza.
Kodi munthu amene ali ndi testis imodzi angathe kubereka ana?
Inde, n'zotheka. Chidendene chimodzi chathanzi chingathe kupanga umuna wokwanira kutenga pakati. Ngati machende onse awiri ayenera kuchotsedwa chifukwa cha khansa kapena ngozi yaikulu, n'zotheka kusunga umuna musanachite opaleshoni (sperm banking). Kenako, pali mwayi wokhala ndi ana pogwiritsa ntchito umuna umenewo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Machende anu ndi chiwalo chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chili chofunikira kwambiri pa thanzi la amuna komanso kubereka.
- Ntchito zawo ziwiri zazikulu ndi kupanga umuna ndi mahomoni, kuphatikizapo testosterone.
- Dziwani bwino mawonekedwe abwinobwino a machende anu (kukula, mawonekedwe, momwe amaonekera). Dziyezeni nokha mwezi uliwonse.
- Ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse kwachilendo, monga chotupa, kupweteka, kapena kutupa , musachite manyazi kapena kuchedwa, koma pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
- Kupweteka kwakukulu komanso mwadzidzidzi kungakhale kugwedezeka kwa ma testicular . Popeza ndi zadzidzidzi, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Padzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi nthawi yomweyo.
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