Lero tikambirana za nkhani yomwe ndi nkhani yosaloledwa, koma ndi yofunika kwambiri. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka kwa anyamata. Kodi mudamvapo china chake chosiyana, monga chotupa chaching'ono, m'machende anu? Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono ngati mukumva china chake chonga chimenecho. Koma musanayambe kuchita mantha, ndi bwino kudziwa bwino izi. Chifukwa khansa ya m'machende ndi matenda omwe amatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu ngati atapezeka msanga.
Kodi khansa ya m'ma testicular ndi chiyani kwenikweni?
Mwachidule, khansa ya m'machende imachitika pamene maselo a m'machende ayamba kukula modabwitsa komanso mosalamulirika. Kukula kwa maselo kumeneku kumayambitsa chotupa kapena chotupa.
Tsopano tiyeni tiwone zomwe machende ndi zomwe amachita. Machende awiri m'thupi lanu ali ngati mtedza awiri. Ali m'thumba la khungu pansi pa mbolo. Timatcha izi kuti scrotum. Ali ndi ntchito ziwiri zazikulu:
1. Kupanga umuna.
2. Kupanga testosterone, mahomoni achimuna.
Monga khansa ina iliyonse, iyi ndi vuto lalikulu. Koma nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti khansa ya m'ma testicular ndi matenda ochiritsika kwambiri omwe angathe kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu.
Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya khansa iyi ndi iti?
Pafupifupi 90% ya khansa ya m'ma testicular imachokera ku maselo a majeremusi, omwe ndi maselo oyamba omwe amayambitsa umuna. Awa amagawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu. Kudziwa kusiyana pakati pa awiriwa ndikofunikira posankha chithandizo.
| Mtundu wa khansa | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Seminoma | Mtundu uwu nthawi zambiri umakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo umapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu azaka zapakati pa 40 ndi 50. |
| Non-seminoma | Mtundu uwu umakula mofulumira kuposa seminoma. Umakhudza kwambiri achinyamata, kutanthauza azaka zapakati pa 15-35. Palinso mitundu ingapo ya izi. |
Nthawi zina, chotupa cha khansa chingakhale ndi mitundu yonse iwiri ya maselo.
Kodi matendawa ndi ofala bwanji?
Khansa ya m'matumbo ndi matenda osowa kwambiri. Imakhudza pafupifupi mwamuna m'modzi pa amuna 250 aliwonse. Komabe, chapadera ndi chakuti ndi mtundu wa khansa wofala kwambiri mwa amuna azaka zapakati pa 15 ndi 35 .
Kodi mungazindikire bwanji? Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?
Chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha khansa ya machende ndi chotupa chosapweteka m'machende, koma pakhoza kukhala zizindikiro zina zingapo.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti zizindikirozi zitha kuyambitsidwanso ndi matenda ena. Choncho musachite mantha mukaziona. Koma musamazinyalanyaze. Kambiranani ndi dokotala ndipo pitani kuchipatala.
| Chizindikiro | Kufotokoza mwachidule |
|---|---|
| Chotupa kapena kutupa | Kumva kutupa kapena kutupa mu tchire limodzi kapena onse awiri. Izi nthawi zambiri sizimapweteka. |
| Kumva kulemera m'thumba la mimba | Kumva kulemera m'thumba la mabere kapena kumva madzi akudzaza m'mimba mwake. |
| Kupweteka kolota | Kupweteka kosawoneka bwino m'mimba kapena m'chifuwa. |
| Ululu kapena kusasangalala | Kumva kupweteka kapena kusasangalala m'machende kapena m'mabele. |
| Kuchepa kwa ma testicular | Kuchepa kapena kuchepa kwa testicular imodzi (kufooka kwa testicular). |
Kuchedwa kupeza matenda kumawonjezera nthawi yomwe maselo a khansa amafalikira. Izi zimapangitsa kuti chithandizo chikhale chovuta. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu.
Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zingachititse kuti munthu adwale khansa ya m'ma testicular?
Choyambitsa chenicheni cha khansa ya m'ma testicular sichinadziwikebe. Komabe, ofufuza apeza kuti zinthu zina zimatha kuwonjezera mwayi, kapena chiopsezo, chotenga matendawa. Izi zimatchedwa zinthu zoopsa.
- Zaka: Zofala kwambiri mwa anthu azaka zapakati pa 15 ndi 35.
- Machende osatuluka m'mimba: Kawirikawiri, machende amakula m'mimba pamene mwana wosabadwayo akukula m'mimba . Amakhazikika m'mimba asanabadwe. Nthawi zina, izi sizichitika. Ngakhale vutoli litakonzedwa ndi opaleshoni, limawonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi khansa ya machende mtsogolo.
- Mbiri ya banja: Ngati abambo anu kapena mchimwene wanu adadwala matendawa, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa. Matenda ena a majini (monga Klinefelter Syndrome) angapangitsenso kuti mukhale pachiwopsezo.
- Kukhala ndi khansa m'chidendene chimodzi: Munthu amene wachira khansa m'chidendene chimodzi ali ndi chiopsezo chochepa chotenga khansa m'chidendene china.
- Kusabereka: Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti pakhoza kukhala kulumikizana pakati pa zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudza kusabereka kwa amuna ndi khansa ya m'ma testicular. Izi zikufufuzidwa kwambiri.
Dokotala, mumazindikira bwanji izi?
Mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala, adzakuyesani mayeso angapo kuti adziwe matendawa molondola. Musadandaule, tiyeni tiwone njira izi.
1. Kuyezetsa thupi ndi mbiri ya matenda: Choyamba, dokotala adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu. Kenako, adzayezetsa machende anu kuti aone ngati pali zotupa kapena kutupa. Ngati pali kukayika kulikonse kuti khansa yafalikira, ma lymph nodes angayezedwenso.
2. Kujambula kwa Ultrasound: Ngati papezeka chinthu chachilendo panthawi yofufuza, nthawi zambiri kujambulidwa kwa ultrasound kumakhala gawo lotsatira. Iyi ndi njira yoyesera yopanda ululu. Ikhoza kupereka chithunzi chomveka bwino cha zomwe zili mkati mwa machende. Ingakuuzeni zambiri ngati chotupacho ndi cholimba kapena chodzaza ndi madzi, komanso momwe chingakhudzire khansa.
3. Opaleshoni ndi Biopsy (Inguinal Orchiectomy ndi Biopsy):Ngati scan ikuonetsa kuti pali khansa, sitepe yotsatira ndikuchotsa tchende lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi opaleshoni. Izi zimachitika kudzera mu kudula pang'ono m'mimba. Chidutswa cha tchende chochotsedwacho chimatengedwa ndikuwunikidwa pansi pa maikulosikopu (biopsy). Kuyesaku kudzatsimikizira ngati maselo a khansa alipo kapena ayi.
Mayeso ena omwe angafunike
- Kuyesa Chizindikiro cha Khansa ya M'magazi: Mitundu ina ya khansa imatulutsa zinthu zinazake m'magazi. Timazitcha 'zizindikiro za khansa'. Mu khansa ya m'ma testicular, kuchuluka kwa `AFP`, `HCG` ndi `LDH` kumatha kukwezedwa. Poyang'ana kuchuluka kwa izi, titha kupeza lingaliro la mtundu wa khansa ndi kufalikira kwake.
- Kujambula kwa CT, X-ray, ndi MRI: Kujambula kumeneku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuona ngati khansa yafalikira kumadera ena kunja kwa tchende, mwachitsanzo, ku ma lymph nodes m'mimba, m'mapapo, kapena muubongo.
Kodi magawo a khansa ndi ati?
Akatsimikizira kuti matendawa ndi otani, dokotala adzadziwa siteji ya khansa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti khansayo yafalikira mpaka pati. Chithandizo chimakonzedwa kutengera siteji iyi.
- Gawo 0: Maselo osazolowereka akukula, koma akadali mkati mwa testis.
- Gawo Loyamba: Khansa imangopezeka m'matumbo okha.
- Gawo Lachiwiri: Khansa yafalikira mpaka ku ma lymph nodes kumbuyo kwa mimba.
- Gawo Lachitatu: Khansa yafalikira ku ma lymph nodes omwe ali kunja kwa mimba kapena ku ziwalo zina monga mapapo, chiwindi, kapena ubongo.
Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?
Njira yochiritsira imadalira zinthu zingapo, monga thanzi lanu, mtundu wa khansa, komanso momwe khansayo yayambira.
| Njira yochizira | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Opaleshoni | Chithandizo chachikulu komanso chofala kwambiri ndi kuchotsa machende a khansa (`Radical inguinal orchiectomy`). Nthawi zina, ngati khansa yafalikira, opaleshoni yochotsa machende m'mimba (`RPLND`) ingathenso kuchitika. |
| Chithandizo cha X-ray | Izi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito ma X-ray amphamvu kwambiri kuti awononge maselo a khansa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa seminoma, mtundu wa khansa, kuti matendawa asabwererenso pambuyo pa opaleshoni. |
| Mankhwala a Chemotherapy | Izi zimaphatikizapo kupatsa thupi mankhwala opha maselo a khansa. Mankhwalawa amatha kuperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha kapena ngati mapiritsi. Chithandizochi n'chofunika kwambiri ngati khansa yafalikira. |
Kodi matendawa angachiritsidwe kwathunthu?
Inde! Inde. Uwu ndiye uthenga wabwino kwambiri komanso wofunikira kwambiri wokhudza khansa ya m'ma testicular.
Khansa ya m'ma testicular ndi matenda omwe amatha kuchiritsidwa bwino ndikuchiritsidwa kwathunthu ndi chiwopsezo chopitilira 95%. Ngati matendawa apezeka msanga, ndiko kuti, kumayambiriro, chiwopsezo chochira chimakhala chokwera mpaka 98%.
Choncho, matendawa nthawi zambiri sapha. Chofunika kwambiri apa ndi kuzindikira msanga ndi kulandira chithandizo choyenera.
Ngakhale mutakhala kuti simungathe kuziletsa, mutha kuzizindikira mwachangu! - Kudziyesa
Palibe njira yotsimikizika yopewera khansa ya m'ma testicular. Koma pali chinthu chimodzi chofunikira kwambiri chomwe mungachite. Ndicho kudziyesa nokha m'ma testicular (TSE) mwezi uliwonse. Izi zikupatsani lingaliro labwino la momwe ma testicular anu alili. Kenako, ngati pali kusintha kulikonse kwachilendo, monga chotupa, mutha kuchizindikira mwachangu.
Izi zitenga pafupifupi mphindi ziwiri.
Umu ndi momwe mungadziyezere nokha:
1. Sankhani nthawi yabwino: Ndi bwino kuchita izi mukasamba ndi madzi otentha kapena mutangomaliza kusamba. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kutentha kumamasula khungu la m'mimba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kumva zomwe zili mkati.
2. Chongani tchende limodzi: Ikani zala zanu za m'chiuno ndi zapakati pansi pa tchende, ndipo chala chanu chachikulu pamwamba. Tsopano, yang'anani tchende mwa kulipinda pakati pa zala zanu.
3. Dziwani bwino lomwe: Pa nthawi yoyezetsa, mudzamva ngati chingwe kumbuyo ndi pamwamba pa tchende. Chimatchedwa epididymis. Chimasunga ndi kunyamula umuna. Musasokoneze izi ndi chotupa. Ndizachilendonso kuti tchende ziwirizi zikhale zosiyana pang'ono kukula kwake.
4.Samalani ndi zinthu zachilendo: Mukayang'ana motere, yang'anani zophuka zatsopano, zotupa, makulidwe, kapena zotupa zomwe zili zazikulu ngati nandolo kapena zazikulu.
5. Yang'ananinso tchire lina mwanjira yomweyo.
Ngati muwona zotupa zilizonse, kutupa, kusintha kwa kukula, kapena china chilichonse chachilendo, musachite mantha kapena kuchedwa, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
Kodi chithandizochi chidzakhudza bwanji moyo wanga?
Anthu ambiri amakhala ndi mafunso okhudza zomwe zidzachitike pa moyo wawo wogonana komanso kuthekera kwawo kukhala ndi ana akachotsedwa tchire.
Kawirikawiri, testicular imodzi yathanzi imatha kupanga testosterone yokwanira thupi. Chifukwa chake, chilakolako chogonana sichichepa. Kugona ndi kutulutsa umuna ziyenera kuchitika mwachizolowezi.
Komanso, testicle imodzi ndi yokwanira kubereka ana. Koma ngati muli ndi kukayikira kapena mantha pa izi, lankhulani ndi dokotala musanayambe kulandira chithandizo. Ngati kuli kofunikira, umuna wanu ukhoza kutengedwa musanalandire chithandizo ndikusungidwa bwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito mtsogolo. Izi timazitcha kuti sperm banking.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Khansa ya m'matumbo ndi matenda osowa kwambiri, koma ndi mtundu wa khansa wofala kwambiri mwa anyamata azaka zapakati pa 15-35.
- Chizindikiro chofala kwambiri ndi chotupa chosapweteka m'chidendene.
- Khalani ndi chizolowezi chodziyesa nokha kamodzi pamwezi. Izi zikuthandizani kuzindikira kusintha kulikonse mwachangu.
- Ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse kwachilendo (chotupa, kutupa, kupweteka), musachite mantha, musachite manyazi, ndipo musachedwe . Pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
- Matendawa amatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu ndi chiŵerengero choposa 95% cha machiritso ngati atapezeka msanga. Chifukwa chake, kudziwa ndi kuchitapo kanthu msanga ndiye zinthu zofunika kwambiri.
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