Kodi mukudziwa za njira yaikulu kwambiri yolumikizira mitsempha ya m'magazi m'thupi lathu? (Njira ya m'chifuwa) Tiyeni tikambirane!

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo kuti zinyalala ndi zinthu zosafunikira zomwe zili m'thupi lathu zimachotsedwa bwanji? Monga momwe madzi odetsedwa amadutsa m'mapaipi m'nyumba, matupi athu alinso ndi dongosolo lofanana. Timatcha dongosolo la lymphatic. Lero tikambirana za njira yayikulu, yayikulu komanso yofunika kwambiri mu dongosololi. Njira imeneyi ndi njira ya thoracic. Mwina simunamvepo dzinali kale. Koma uyu ndi munthu amene amachita ntchito yabwino kwambiri m'thupi lathu mwakachetechete.

Mwachidule, kodi njira ya thoracic duct ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, Thoracic Duct ndiye chotengera chachikulu kwambiri cha lymphatic m'thupi lanu . Ndi kapangidwe kakatali konga chubu komwe kamayambira m'mimba mwanu, kumayenda m'chifuwa mwanu, ndikutha pafupi ndi khosi lanu.

Taganizirani ngati msewu waukulu wokhala ndi misewu ya m'mbali yolumikizana, madzi otchedwa ``lymph``` omwe amasonkhana kuchokera ku ngalande zazing'ono za lymph m'thupi lathu amalumikizana ndi duct yayikulu iyi. Kenako duct iyi ya pachifuwa imalumikizana ndi ``mtsempha`` waukulu wamagazi pafupi ndi khosi, ndikutulutsa madzi a lymph amenewo kubwerera mu dongosolo lathu lozungulira magazi. Kuchokera pamenepo, amayendanso m'thupi lonse.

Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zomwe madzi a m'thupi amabwerera m'magazi m'thupi lathu.

1. Msewu wa Chifuwa

2. Mtsempha wa Lymphatic Wamanja

Mtsempha wa lymphatic wakumanja umasonkhanitsa lymph kuchokera ku dzanja lanu lamanja, mbali yakumanja ya mutu wanu ndi khosi lanu, ndi mbali yakumanja ya chifuwa chanu ndikuibwezera m'magazi anu. Komabe, mtsempha wa pachifuwa umasonkhanitsa lymph kuchokera pafupifupi ziwalo zina zonse za thupi lanu .

Kodi ntchito ya chubu ichi ndi yotani?

Ntchito yaikulu ya njira ya m'chifuwa ndi kusonkhanitsa mitsempha ya m'magazi kuchokera ku njira zazing'ono za mitsempha ya m'magazi m'mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi ndikuibweretsa ku dongosolo lathu la magazi. Izi zimathandiza kusunga madzi m'thupi mwathu komanso kusefa zinyalala.

Tiyeni tiwone momwe njirayi imagwirira ntchito pang'onopang'ono:

1. Kusonkhanitsa: Choyamba, madzi a lymph amasonkhana kuchokera ku mitsempha yaying'ono kwambiri ya lymphatic yomwe imafalikira m'thupi lonse ndikulowa m'mitsempha yayikulu pang'ono ya lymphatic.

2. Kufika pamsewu waukulu: Monga momwe misewu yaying'ono ya m'mbali imagwirira ntchito pamodzi kuti ipange msewu waukulu, mitsempha yonse ikuluikulu ya lymphatic imagwirira ntchito limodzi ndikulumikizana ndi njira ya thoracic. Msewu waukulu pano ndi njira ya thoracic.

3. Kukwera: Lymph iyi imayenda mmwamba kudzera mu njira ya pachifuwa. Ulendowu umapitirira mpaka ikafika pakhosi.

4. Kusakaniza ndi magazi: Pambuyo pofika pamalo apadera olumikizirana (lymphovenous junction - LVJ) kumanzere kwa khosi, njira ya chifuwa imalumikizana ndi mtsempha waukulu pamenepo. Monga momwe galimoto imalowera mumsewu waukulu, madzi a lymph amalowa mumtsempha kudzera munjira iyi. Kuchokera pamenepo, amazungulira thupi lonse ngati gawo la plasma yathu yamagazi.

Pali mtundu wapadera wa madzi a m'thupi. Umatchedwa 'chyle' . Uwu ndi madzi ochokera m'thupi lathu ndipo uli ndi mafuta ambiri. Mosiyana ndi madzi ena a m'thupi, madzi a 'chyle' awa ndi oyera ngati mkaka.

Kodi njira yolumikizira mafupa pachifuwa ili kuti?

Ili pakati pa chifuwa chanu . Ili pafupi ndi mtsempha wathu wamagazi, m'mero, ndi msana.

Zimayambira kumbuyo kwa msana, m'chiuno. Mwa anthu ambiri, zimayambira pakati pa vertebrae ya T12 ndi L2. Zimayamba pamene njira zingapo za lymph kuchokera ku miyendo ndi matumbo athu zilumikizana. Nthawi zina, kapangidwe kofanana ndi thumba kamapangidwa pomwe njirazi zimalumikizana. Zimatchedwa 'cisterna chyli' .

Kuchokera pamenepo, njira iyi imayenda molunjika kudzera pachifuwa (chifuwa). Panjira, imalumikizidwa ndi mitsempha ina ya lymphatic. Ikafika pakhosi, imapinda kukhala arch pamwamba pa collarbone, kenako imatsikanso kuti igwirizane ndi mtsempha womwe uli pachifuwa chapamwamba.

Kodi izi zikugwirizana ndi kuti kwenikweni?

Malo olumikizirana awa amatha kusiyana pang'ono kuchokera kwa munthu ndi munthu. Nthawi zambiri, ndi pomwe mtsempha wa subclavian wakumanzere ndi mtsempha wamkati wakumanzere wa jugular zimalumikizana. Mwa anthu ena, zimatha kulumikizana ndi imodzi mwa mitsempha iyi padera.

Simukuyenera kudziwa mayina awa ndendende, koma ndikofunikira kuti madokotala azitha kumvetsetsa bwino za kapangidwe kake, makamaka akamachita opaleshoni pachifuwa kapena pakhosi.

Kodi kapangidwe ka njira ya thoracic duct ndi kotani?

Ili ndi mawonekedwe ngati chubu. Imalumikizidwa ndi machubu ena ang'onoang'ono, otchedwa lymphatic ducts. Khoma la thoracic duct limapangidwa ndi zigawo zitatu. Zimatchedwa intima, media ndi adventitia. Minofu yosalala yomwe ili pakati (media) nthawi zonse imachepa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti madzi a lymph asunthire mbali imodzi, kutanthauza kupita mmwamba.

Komanso, pali ma valve omwe ali mu chubu ichi chonse. Ma valve amenewa amatseguka madzi a lymph akamakwera mmwamba, ndipo amatseka akamayesa kutsikanso. Izi zimaletsa madzi a lymph kuti asayende mmbuyo.

Mtsempha wa pachifuwa nthawi zambiri umakhala wautali pakati pa masentimita 38 ndi 45. M'mimba mwake umasiyana malinga ndi malo, kuyambira masentimita 2 mpaka 5 .

Ndi matenda ati omwe angakhudze njira iyi yolumikizirana?

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zingasokoneze kugwira ntchito kwa njira yolumikizira khosi. Izi si matenda wamba omwe mumawona tsiku lililonse, koma ndi zofunika kuzidziwa.

Kodi chithandizo cha izi ndi chiyani?

Njira zochiritsira zimadalira matendawo. Dokotala wanu adzakukonzerani chithandizo chabwino kwambiri. Zina mwa njira zochiritsira zodziwika bwino ndi izi:

• Kusintha kwakanthawi kwa zakudya: makamaka kusintha kudya zakudya zopanda mafuta ambiri.
• Mankhwala: Kupereka mankhwala olembedwa ndi dokotala.
• Njira yochotsera madzi: Ngati madzi asonkhana m'malo a mapapo, amaikidwa chubu chochotsera madzi (thoracentesis).
• Kumanga duct pogwiritsa ntchito opaleshoni: Kumanga duct kuti muletse kutuluka kwa madzi (thoracic duct ligation).
• Njira yotsekera dala njira yotulutsira madzi: Njira yoletsera kutuluka kwa madzi potseka njira yotulutsira madzi pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera (thoracic duct embolization).

Ngati mukufuna kuchitidwa opaleshoni pachifuwa kapena pamimba, dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani ngati pali chiopsezo chochepa kapena chachikulu cha kuwonongeka kwa njira yolumikizira khosi, komanso zizindikiro zomwe mungakumane nazo ngati mutachita opaleshoniyo.

Pomaliza pake, njira ya m'chifuwa ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimatithandiza kukhala athanzi tsiku lililonse mwakachetechete, kuseri kwa zochitika. Ndi chubu chachitali chomwe chimayenda kuchokera m'mimba mwathu kudzera pachifuwa mpaka pakhosi. Ngakhale mungaganize kuti ndi ulendo wautali kwambiri, kwenikweni ndi kawirikawiri kuti chiwonongeke. Ndipo ngati chichitika, madokotala ali okonzeka kuchichiza.