Kodi dokotala adakuuzapo za opaleshoni ya m'mawere? Ndizachilendo kumva mantha pang'ono komanso mantha mukamva zimenezo. Koma musadandaule. Lero tikambirana za opaleshoni imodzi yotereyi, "thymectomy." Tiyeni timvetse bwino kuti ndi chiyani, chifukwa chake imachitidwa, momwe imachitikira, komanso zomwe zimachitika pambuyo pa opaleshoniyo.
Choyamba, kodi Thymectomy ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, opaleshoni yochotsa thymus gland ndi kuchotsa thymus gland yanu. Thymus gland ili pamwamba pa chifuwa, patsogolo pa mtima.
Uwu ndi mtundu wapadera kwambiri wa gland. Umathandiza kwambiri pakukula kwa chitetezo chamthupi chathu tili ana. Koma pamene tikukula, gland iyi imachepa. Nthawi zina, chifukwa cha mavuto ena ndi gland iyi, madokotala amafunika kuichotsa. Iyi si opaleshoni yofala kwambiri.
Ndi matenda ati omwe amachititsa opaleshoniyi?
Pali zifukwa zingapo zazikulu zochotsera thymus gland. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.
| Matenda | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Myasthenia Gravis | Uwu ndi matenda okhudza mitsempha ndi minofu. Chizindikiro chachikulu ndi kufooka kwa minofu m'thupi. Zizindikirozi zitha kuthetsedwa pochotsa thymus gland. |
| Thymoma | Ichi ndi chotupa chomwe chimayamba mu thymus gland. Chikhoza kukhala khansa (thymic carcinoma) kapena sichingakhale khansa (choipa). Opaleshoni iyi imachitika kuti ichotse zotupa zotere. |
| Mitundu ina ya mtedza | Mitundu ina yosowa ya zotupa, monga zotupa za neuroendocrine, imathanso kufalikira mu thymus gland. Opaleshoni iyi ndi yankho kwa iwonso. |
Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji musanachite opaleshoni?
Ngati mwasankha kuchitidwa opaleshoni ya thyme, dokotala wanu adzakuyang'anirani mosamala ndikukambirana mbiri yanu yachipatala. Kuphatikiza apo, mungapemphedwe kuti muchite mayeso ena angapo.
- Mayeso a ntchito ya m'mapapo: Onani momwe mapapu anu akugwirira ntchito.
- EKG (Electrocardiogram): Dziwani momwe mtima umagwirira ntchito.
- Kuyesa kupsinjika kwa mtima: Onani momwe mtima wanu umayankhira mukachita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
- Kujambula kwa CT (Computed Tomography scan) kapena MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Kuti muwone bwino thymus gland ndi ziwalo zozungulira.
- Kujambula kwa PET (Positron Emission Tomography scan): Kuyang'ana maselo a khansa.
Chofunika kwambiri: Ngati mukumwa mankhwala aliwonse (makamaka a Myasthenia Gravis), onetsetsani kuti mwafunsa dokotala wanu ngati mukufuna kuwasiya musanachite opaleshoni. Musasiye mankhwala aliwonse popanda upangiri wake.
Nthawi zambiri mumalangizidwa kuti musiye kudya ndi kumwa kuyambira pakati pausiku usiku woti opaleshoni ichitike.
Tiyeni tiwone momwe opaleshoniyi imachitikira.
Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zochotsera thyme. Njira imodzi ndi kudzera mu opaleshoni yotseguka, ndipo ina ndi kudzera mu kudula pang'ono ndi kamera. Dokotala wanu adzasankha njira yoyenera kwa inu.
| Njira yopangira opaleshoni | Momwe zimachitikira |
|---|---|
| Opaleshoni Yotseguka (Njira Yodutsa M'thupi) | Mu izi, chifuwa chimatsegulidwa podula fupa lapakati (sternum) kutalika, mofanana ndi opaleshoni ya mtima yotseguka. Kenako thymus gland ndi minofu yozungulira zimachotsedwa. Pomaliza, chubu chimodzi kapena ziwiri za pachifuwa zimayikidwa kuti zitulutse madzi m'chifuwa, fupa limakhazikika ndi waya, ndipo khungu limasokedwa. |
| Opaleshoni Yosalowa Mwachangu (Yosalowa Mwachangu - Robotic kapena VATS) | Njira imeneyi sikutanthauza kupanga ming'alu yayikulu pachifuwa. M'malo mwake, ming'alu itatu yaying'ono imapangidwa mbali ya pachifuwa, imodzi ndi kamera ndipo inayo ndi zida zapadera. Pogwiritsa ntchito zida izi (nthawi zina pogwiritsa ntchito mkono wa robotic), gland imachotsedwa, kuyikidwa m'thumba laling'ono, ndikuchotsedwa kudzera mu imodzi mwa ming'alu. Njirayi siipweteka kwambiri ndipo imakhala ndi nthawi yochepa yochira. |
Kawirikawiri, opaleshoniyi ingatenge maola awiri kapena anayi.
Ubwino ndi zoopsa za opaleshoni
Ubwino wa opaleshoni iyi
Opaleshoni iyi ingathandize kwambiri munthu amene ali ndi Myasthenia Gravis.
- Chiwerengero cha anthu omwe akugonekedwa m'chipatala chifukwa cha matendawa chikuchepa.
- N'zotheka kuchepetsa mankhwala omwe mumamwa pa matendawa (monga Prednisone).
- Kufooka kwa thupi kumachepa.
- Anthu ena amapeza mpumulo wonse ku zizindikiro ndipo amatha kukhala popanda mankhwala.
Ngati opaleshoniyo ichitika pang'ono, munthu sadzakhala kuchipatala, magazi amachepa, ululu umachepa, ndipo munthuyo akhoza kubwerera ku moyo wake watsiku ndi tsiku msanga.
Pafupifupi 70% ya anthu omwe amachotsedwa thyme chifukwa cha myasthenia gravis amaona kuchepa kwa zizindikiro komanso kufunika kwa mankhwala. Pakati pa 30% ndi 40% amaona kuti zizindikirozo zimatha kwathunthu.
Zoopsa zomwe zingachitike (Zovuta)
Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni iliyonse, pali zoopsa zina zomwe zimachitika, koma izi sizichitika kwa aliyense.
- Kuwonongeka kwa mtima, mitsempha, kapena mtsempha wamagazi wapafupi.
- Kutuluka magazi.
- Pneumothorax.
- Matenda monga chibayo.
- Matenda a myasthenic ndi vuto ladzidzidzi lomwe limachitika kawirikawiri chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwa opaleshoni.
Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire komanso zomwe muyenera kusamala nazo?
Nthawi yochira imadalira ngati munachitidwa opaleshoni yotseguka kapena opaleshoni yochepa kwambiri. Komabe, muyenera kukhala m'chipatala kwa tsiku limodzi kapena kuposerapo. Mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu mukatha opaleshoni, womwe nthawi zambiri umakhala utatheratu pakatha milungu iwiri.
Nthawi yomwe imatenga kuti mubwerere kuntchito imadalira mtundu wa ntchito yanu. Ngati muli ndi ntchito ya pa desiki, mutha kubwerera kuntchito mwachangu. Komabe, ngati muli ndi ntchito yomwe imafuna kunyamula katundu wolemera kapena kuyimirira kwa nthawi yayitali, mungafunike kutenga nthawi yayitali kuti muchiritse.
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, imbani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
Mukapita kunyumba mutachita opaleshoni, muyenera kudziwitsa dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- Kuvuta kupuma.
- Ululu mbali imodzi ya chifuwa.
- Kuchuluka kwa mpweya wopuma.
- Kuwonjezeka kwa kugunda kwa mtima.
- Malungo.
- Chifuwa.
- Kutuluka magazi kapena madzimadzi kuchokera ku opaleshoni.
- Zizindikiro za Myasthenia Gravis zimabwereranso.
Pomaliza, ndi zachilendo kumva mantha mukachitidwa opaleshoni. Koma kumbukirani kuti madokotala amachita izi nthawi zonse. Nthawi zonse amayesetsa kukupatsani zotsatira zabwino kwambiri. Choncho musaope kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso kapena nkhawa zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kuchotsa thymus gland ndi opaleshoni yochotsa thymus gland. Imachitika makamaka ngati chithandizo cha matenda monga Myasthenia Gravis ndi Thymoma.
- Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zochitira opaleshoniyi (yotseguka komanso yosavulaza kwambiri). Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira yomwe ili yoyenera kwa inu.
- Ubwino wa opaleshoni iyi kwa odwala a Myasthenia Gravis ndi waukulu kwambiri, koma zingatenge nthawi kuti muwone zotsatira zake.
- Kuchira pambuyo pa opaleshoni n'kosavuta, ndipo kutsatira malangizo a dokotala n'kofunika kwambiri.
- Dziwani zizindikiro zochenjeza zomwe zingachitike mutachita opaleshoni ndipo dziwitsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati muwona chilichonse.
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