Nthawi ina m'miyoyo yathu, chifukwa cha ngozi, opaleshoni, kapena matenda ena, ife kapena okondedwa athu tingafunike kuikidwa magazi. Iyi ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yachipatala yomwe ingapulumutse miyoyo. Komabe, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri imakhala yotetezeka, nthawi zina, mavuto amatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuikidwa magazi kumeneku. Lero tikulankhula za vuto lomwe ndi lalikulu pang'ono, koma lomwe tonsefe tiyenera kudziwa. Ndi TACO, kapena m'mawu azachipatala 'Transfusion-Associated Circulatory Overload'.
Kodi TACO ndi chiyani kwenikweni?
Mwachidule, TACO ndi pamene kuchuluka kwa madzi m'thupi lanu kumawonjezeka mwadzidzidzi mutapereka magazi, ndipo simungathe kupirira. Taganizirani ngati thanki yamadzi yomwe yadzaza ndi madzi mwadzidzidzi.
Tikapereka magazi, madzi ena amawonjezeredwa ku mitsempha yathu yamagazi. Nthawi zambiri, mtima ndi impso zathu zimatha kuyendetsa bwino madzi owonjezerawa ndikusunga thupi lonse. Koma nthawi zina, makamaka ngati mupereka magazi ochulukirapo nthawi imodzi, kapena ngati mtima kapena impso zanu zili zofooka, madzi owonjezerawa sangagwire ntchito. Kenako, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumawonjezeka, ndipo madzi amayamba kutuluka m'ziwalo monga mapapo . Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupuma, thupi limatupa, ndipo kuthamanga kwa magazi kumawonjezeka modabwitsa. Ili ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri , kotero ndikofunikira kufunafuna chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi yomweyo ngati zizindikiro zikuwonekera.
Kodi zizindikiro za vutoli ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro za TACO zimatha kuwoneka nthawi iliyonse mkati mwa maola 12 kapena mkati mwa maola 12 kuchokera pamene munthu wapereka magazi. Chifukwa chake, tiyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi munthu amene wapereka magazi panthawiyi. Zizindikiro zazikulu zafotokozedwa mu tebulo ili m'munsimu.
| Chizindikiro | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Kuvuta kupuma (Dyspnea) | Ichi ndiye chizindikiro chachikulu komanso chofala kwambiri. Mapapu amadzaza ndi madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupuma. Izi zitha kukhala zoyipa makamaka mukagona pansi. |
| Chifuwa | Nthawi zina chifuwa chingakhale ndi mamina ofiira komanso otuwa. |
| Kupweteka pachifuwa | Mungamve kupweteka pachifuwa kapena mtima ukugwira ntchito molimbika. |
| Mtundu wabuluu wa khungu, milomo, kapena misomali (Cyanosis) | Izi zingachitike thupi likapanda kulandira mpweya wokwanira. Ichi ndi chizindikiro chachikulu. |
| Kutupa kwa miyendo, akakolo, kapena khosi | Kutupa kumeneku kumachitika chifukwa cha kusunga madzi m'thupi. Mitsempha ya m'khosi ingawonekenso ngati ikutupa. |
| Kugunda kwa mtima mwachangu (Tachycardia) | Mtima umagunda mofulumira chifukwa mtima umayenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti upompe magazi m'thupi lonse. |
| Chizungulire kapena kutaya chidziwitso | Vutoli lingachitike chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mpweya wokwanira womwe umafika muubongo. |
| Mutu waukulu | Chizindikiro china chomwe chingachitike chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi. |
Chofunika kwambiri n’chakuti, ngati muwona zizindikiro izi, musazinyalanyaze. Ngati muli kuchipatala, dziwitsani namwino kapena dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Ngati muli kunyumba, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi nthawi yomweyo.
Ndani amene ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu?
Ngakhale kuti TACO ingakhudze aliyense, anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Ngati vuto lililonse mwa izi likukhudzani inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa, ndikofunikira kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu musanapereke magazi.
| Choopsa | Kufotokozera mwachidule |
|---|---|
| Zaka zoposa 60 | Pamene tikukalamba, ntchito ya mtima ndi impso imatha kuchepa pang'ono mwachibadwa. |
| Kukhala ndi mbiri ya matenda a mtima | Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda monga matenda a mtima kapena kulephera kwa mtima ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. |
| Kukhala ndi matenda a impso | Ngati impso, zomwe ndi ziwalo zazikulu zomwe zimalamulira kuchuluka kwa madzi m'thupi, zili zofooka, zimakhala zovuta kuchotsa madzi ochulukirapo. |
| Matenda opuma monga COPD | Kwa iwo omwe ali kale ndi kufooka kwa mapapo, monga matenda oletsa kupuma (COPD), zimakhala zovuta kuthana ndi madzi odzaza mapapo. |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena | Ngati mwagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amawonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi (Vasopressors) kapena mankhwala omwe amachotsa madzi m'thupi (Loop Diuretics). |
| Ndinapereka magazi kangapo kale | Chiwopsezocho chingawonjezekenso pang'ono kwa iwo omwe amalandira magazi pafupipafupi. |
Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji izi ndikuzichiza?
Ngati mukupeza zizindikiro za TACO, chinthu choyamba chomwe dokotala wanu angachite ndikukuyang'anirani mosamala ndikukufunsani za zizindikiro zanu. Adzamvetsera kupuma kwanu ndikuyesa kuthamanga kwa magazi anu.
Kenako, kuti mutsimikizire matendawa, mungatumizidwe kukayezetsa matenda monga:
- X- ray ya pachifuwa: Izi zimatha kuwona ngati pali madzi m'mapapo.
- Kuyezetsa magazi : Ma enzyme ena amawunikidwa kuti awone ngati pali kuwonongeka kulikonse pamtima.
- Echocardiogram: Izi zingathandize kudziwa bwino momwe mtima umagwirira ntchito komanso momwe umapopera magazi.
Monga chithandizo, magazi anu amasiya kugwira ntchito nthawi yomweyo. Kenako mumapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa kupuma ndipo mumayikidwa pabedi kuti akuthandizeni kupuma. Chithandizo chachikulu ndi diuretics, zomwe ndi mankhwala omwe amachotsa madzi ochulukirapo m'thupi. Izi zimawonjezera kutulutsa kwa mkodzo ndikuthandizira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa madzi m'thupi .
Ngati kupuma kukuvuta, chithandizo cha okosijeni chingafunike. Pa milandu yoopsa kwambiri, wodwalayo angafunike kulumikizidwa ndi makina opumira opangira (Mechanical Ventilation).
Kodi pali njira zopewera izi?
Inde, izi zitha kupewedwa pamlingo winawake. Ngati muli m'gulu la magulu omwe ali pachiwopsezo omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, dokotala adzasamala kwambiri akasankha kukupatsani magazi.
- Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe amaikidwa m'thupi: Pofuna kupewa kuchuluka kwa madzi m'thupi nthawi imodzi, kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe amaikidwa m'thupi kumachepa kwambiri.
- Kupereka Mankhwala Ochepetsa Kutuluka kwa Madzi Musanayambe Chithandizo: Musanapereke magazi, mankhwala angaperekedwe kuti achotse madzi ochulukirapo m'thupi.
- Kupereka magazi: M'malo mopereka magazi onse nthawi imodzi, mutha kuwapereka pang'ono, kugawidwa m'magawo awiri patsiku.
Ndi udindo wanu kuuza dokotala wanu mbiri yanu yonse ya matenda (makamaka mavuto a mtima ndi impso) popanda kubisa chilichonse. Ngati mudakumanapo ndi vuto lililonse panthawi yopereka magazi kale, onetsetsani kuti mwatchulanso zimenezo.
Kupereka magazi ndi chinthu chopulumutsa moyo. TACO ndi vuto losowa kwambiri. Koma kudziwa izi kungakuthandizeni kuzindikira zizindikiro ndikupeza chithandizo mwachangu ngati zitachitika.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- TACO ndi vuto lalikulu, koma losowa, lomwe lingachitike chifukwa chopereka magazi.
- Kuvuta kupuma, kukhosomola, kutupa, ndi kupweteka pachifuwa ndi zizindikiro zazikulu zochenjeza.
- Chiwopsezochi chimakhala chachikulu mwa okalamba omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima, impso, kapena mapapo.
- Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi mukupereka magazi kapena mkati mwa maola 12 mutapereka magazi, dziwitsani ogwira ntchito zachipatala nthawi yomweyo kapena pitani ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi.
- Musanapereke magazi, onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala wanu mbiri yanu yonse ya matenda ndi mavuto aliwonse omwe mudakumana nawo popereka magazi kale.
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