Kodi inunso muli ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba? (Type 1 Diabetes) Tiyeni tikambirane zonse

Mukamaganizira za matenda a shuga, mwina mumaganizira za matenda a shuga amtundu wachiwiri omwe amakula kwambiri. Koma kodi mumadziwa kuti pali mtundu wina wa matenda a shuga womwe ungakule pa msinkhu uliwonse, makamaka kwa ana ndi achinyamata? Ndi chomwe timachitcha kuti Matenda a Shuga a Mtundu Woyamba. Ndi osiyana pang'ono, koma ngati mutachisamalira bwino, sichidzakulepheretsani kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi kwathunthu. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba ndi matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha chitetezo chamthupi chomwe chitetezo chamthupi lathu chimaukira ndikuwononga maselo opanga insulin (maselo a beta) omwe ali mu kapamba wathu.

Taganizirani izi, insulin ili ngati kiyi yomwe imathandiza shuga, kapena shuga, m'magazi mwathu, kulowa m'maselo athu kuti apange mphamvu. Tsopano, maselo opanga insulin awa akatha, thupi silipanga insulin yomwe limafuna. Kenako shuga m'magazi sangalowe m'maselo ndipo amasonkhana m'magazi. Ndicho chimene chimachitika mu matendawa.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mtundu 1 ndi mtundu 2?

Apa ndi pomwe anthu ambiri amavutika.

• Mu mtundu woyamba: Thupi limasiya kutulutsa insulini kwathunthu , choncho ndikofunikira kumwa insulini kuchokera kunja kuti mukhale ndi moyo.
• Mu mtundu wachiwiri: Ngakhale thupi limapanga insulin, kuchuluka kwake sikukwanira, kapena maselo a thupi sayankha bwino insulin imeneyo (insulin resistance).

Kodi zizindikiro zake ndi ziti? Kodi mungazindikire bwanji mwachangu?

Zizindikiro za matendawa nthawi zambiri zimaonekera mwachangu kwambiri , nthawi zina mkati mwa milungu ingapo. Ndikofunikira kudziwa zizindikirozi.

Matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba (LADA) mwa akuluakulu (mochedwa kuyamba)

Nthawi zina matendawa amapezeka munthu akakula (pakati pa zaka 30-50). Izi zimatchedwa 'Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults' (LADA). Chifukwa zizindikiro zimawonekera pang'onopang'ono, nthawi zina zimatha kusokonezedwa ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wachiwiri.

Kodi ana aang'ono amaleredwa bwanji?

Kuwonjezera pa zizindikiro zomwe zimaonekera mwa akuluakulu, ana aang'ono ndi makanda amatha kusonyeza zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana akayamba matendawa. Ndikofunikira kuti makolo adziwe izi.

• Kusintha matewera a mwana pafupipafupi kuposa masiku onse.
• Kukhala ndi ziphuphu zomwe sizichira ngakhale mutalandira chithandizo.
• Mwana wophunzitsidwa chimbudzi wayamba kunyowetsa bedi.
• Kuchuluka kwa mpweya wopuma.
• Kupweteka m'mimba ndi kusanza.
• Kusintha kwa khalidwe la mwana (nthawi zambiri kukwiya, kukwiya).
• Fungo lokoma, lofanana ndi zipatso kuchokera mumpweya (ichi ndi chizindikiro choopsa).

Kodi izi ndi zifukwa ziti? Kodi ndi cholowa?

Chifukwa chenicheni chomwe chitetezo cha mthupi lathu chimaukira maselo ake sichikudziwikabe, koma akukhulupirira kuti chimachitika makamaka chifukwa cha majini komanso zinthu zomwe zimachitika m'malo osiyanasiyana .

Mwachidule, ngati wina m'banja mwanu (amayi, abambo, abale) ali ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa, koma sizikutanthauza kuti mudzadwala matendawa.

Tangoganizirani, ngakhale mutakhala ndi majini omwe amakupangitsani kukhala pachiwopsezo cha matendawa, zingafunike chinthu china chokhudzana ndi chilengedwe, monga kachilombo ka HIV, kuti majini amenewo "ayambe kugwira ntchito".

Kodi matendawa amapezeka bwanji? Kodi mayeso otani amachitidwa?

Ngati dokotala wanu akuganiza kuti muli ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba, chinthu choyamba chomwe angachite ndikuyesa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu.

Mayeso amenewa angakuthandizeni kudziwa ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga. Koma kuti mudziwe ngati ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba kapena wachiwiri, dokotala wanu adzachita mayeso ena angapo.

• Kuyesa kwa Autoantibody: Iyi ndi mayeso ofunikira kwambiri. Mu matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba, pali mapuloteni apadera (autoantibodies) m'magazi omwe amaukira maselo omwe amapanga insulin. Kuyesaku kumayang'ana izi.
• Kuyesa kwa matupi a Ketone: Pamene insulin yatayika, thupi limayamba kuyatsa mafuta kuti lipeze mphamvu. Ma asidi omwe amatuluka amatchedwa ma ketone. Izi zimatha kupezeka mu mkodzo.

Chithandizo ndi kasamalidwe ka moyo

Moyo wanu sunathe chifukwa chakuti mwapezeka ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba. Mukhoza kukhala ndi moyo wautali, wathanzi, komanso wachimwemwe. Chofunika kwambiri ndikuwongolera shuga m'magazi mwanu.

Kugwiritsa ntchito insulin ndikofunikira.

Mu matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba, thupi lanu silipanga insulin, choncho muyenera kumwa insulin kuchokera kunja tsiku lililonse . Simungatenge insulin ngati mapiritsi, chifukwa imasweka m'mimba mwanu. Choncho muyenera kuimwa mu jakisoni kapena ndi pampu ya insulin.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya insulin. Imasiyana malinga ndi nthawi yomwe imagwira ntchito komanso nthawi yomwe imatenga. Dokotala wanu adzasankha mtundu ndi mlingo wa insulin womwe uli woyenera kwa inu kutengera zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo zaka zanu, moyo wanu, komanso zakudya zomwe mumadya.

Kuyang'ana shuga m'magazi nthawi zonse

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti shuga m'magazi mwanu azikhala mkati mwa nthawi yomwe mukufuna tsiku lonse. Pali njira ziwiri zochitira izi:

1. Glucometer: Njira yachikhalidwe yoyesera imaphatikizapo kutenga dontho laling'ono la magazi kuchokera kumapeto kwa chala.

2. Chowunikira Chosalekeza cha Shuga (CGM): Kachipangizo kakang'ono kamene kamayikidwa pansi pa khungu kamangoyang'ana shuga m'magazi mwanu mphindi zochepa zilizonse ndikutumiza detayo ku foni yanu kapena chipangizo china. Imakudziwitsani ngati shuga m'magazi mwanu ndi wokwera kapena wotsika.

Chakudya ndi moyo

Kukhala ndi matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba sikutanthauza kuti simungadye. Koma muyenera kusamala ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe mumadya, makamaka chakudya chopatsa mphamvu (starch). Muyenera kusintha mlingo wa insulin yanu kuti ugwirizane ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe mumadya.

• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi . Onjezerani ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso, ndi tirigu wambiri.
• Chepetsani zakumwa zotsekemera, zakudya zotsekemera, ndi chakudya chokonzedwa bwino (buledi, pasitala).
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumawonjezera mphamvu ya thupi ku insulin.
• Sinthani kupsinjika maganizo ndi kugona mokwanira . Izi zimakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

Kodi ndi mavuto otani omwe angabwere chifukwa cha matenda a shuga?

Ngati shuga m'magazi simukuyendetsedwa bwino kwa nthawi yayitali, ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi zimatha kuwonongeka. Koma musadandaule. Ngati mupitirizabe kuwongolera shuga, mutha kupewa mavuto ambiriwa.

Vuto lalikulu komanso lofunika kwambiri ndi matenda a shuga otchedwa diabetesic ketoacidosis (DKA) . Izi zimachitika thupi likasowa insulin, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma ketone ndi shuga azisonkhana m'magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala ndi asidi. Izi ndi zoopsa zomwe zingawononge moyo.

Mavuto a nthawi yayitali angaphatikizepo matenda a mtima, matenda a impso (nephropathy), kuwonongeka kwa maso (retinopathy), ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha. Njira yabwino yopewera izi ndikutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu ndikusunga shuga m'magazi mwanu, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi cholesterol m'thupi lanu.