Ah, mutenga UFR (Lipoti Lonse la Mkodzo) m'manja mwanu ndipo mumadzifunsa kuti, “O, zonsezi n’chiyani?” Zimenezo n’zofala kwambiri. Kuona mawu ndi manambala onsewa azachipatala kungamveke kovuta. Koma musadandaule! Tiyeni tifotokoze mwachidule tanthauzo la zotsatirazi.
Choyamba, kufufuza thupi (Macroscopic)
Taganizirani izi motere: mukapereka chitsanzo chanu, katswiri wa labu amachiyang'ana kaye, mofanana ndi kuyang'ana kapu yamadzi.
Kodi mtunduwo umatiuza chiyani? (Mtundu)
- Zachibadwa: Ngati muli ndi madzi okwanira, ziyenera kukhala zachikasu chopepuka. Madzi akakhala ochepa, zingawoneke ngati amber pang'ono. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala bwino.
- Ngati pali kusintha:
- Ngati ikuwoneka yofiira, ikhoza kusonyeza kuti pali magazi (ngakhale kudya zinthu monga beetroot nthawi zina kungayambitse kusintha kwakanthawi kochepa 😉).
- Mtundu wakuda wa bulauni ukhoza kuyambitsa nkhawa yokhudza momwe chiwindi chimagwira ntchito.
- Mankhwala ena amathanso kusintha mtundu.
Kodi kuli koyera kapena kwa mitambo? (Mawonekedwe/Kumveka bwino)
- Zachibadwa: Chitsanzo cha mkodzo wathanzi chiyenera kukhala choyera.
- Ngati pali kusintha: Monga momwe kapu yamadzi imakhalira yakuda ikasunthidwa, ngati mkodzo wanu uli ndi mitambo kapena madontho, ukhoza kusonyeza kuti pali zinthu zodetsa monga mafinya , mabakiteriya, kapena maselo. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala chizindikiro cha matenda.
Madzi kapena okhuthala? (Mphamvu Yokoka – Sp. Gr.)
- Izi zimayesa momwe mkodzo wanu 'wokhazikika' umayerekezeredwa ndi madzi. Thupi lanu likafuna madzi ambiri, mkodzo umakhala wokhazikika; mukakhala ndi madzi okwanira, umasungunuka kwambiri.
- Ngati pali kusintha: Ngati yakhazikika modabwitsa (mtengo wake ndi wapamwamba), ikhoza kulumikizidwa ndi matenda a shuga . Ngati yachepetsedwa kwambiri (mtengo wake ndi wotsika), zingasonyeze kuti impso zanu zikuvutika kuyika mkodzo moyenera.
Kenako, kusanthula kwa mankhwala (kuyesa kwa Dipstick)
Chotsukira chopangidwa mwapadera chimaviikidwa mu chitsanzocho. Kusintha kwa mtundu pa mzerewo kumasonyeza zambiri zokhudza thanzi lanu lamkati.
Kodi ndi acidic kapena basic? (pH)
- Izi zimayesa kuchuluka kwa asidi m'mkodzo wanu. Zimasintha kutengera zomwe mumadya ndi kumwa ndipo zimathandiza madokotala kumvetsetsa zoopsa za miyala ya impso kapena matenda a mkodzo.
Chifukwa chiyani mapuloteni ndi vuto? (Mapuloteni)
- Mu munthu wathanzi, sipayenera kukhala mapuloteni mu mkodzo (Negative/Nil).
- Kupezeka kulikonse (kwabwino/kutsatizana) nthawi zambiri kumasonyeza vuto la impso, makamaka ndi makina awo osefera.
Kodi shuga mu mkodzo amatanthauza chiyani? (Glucose)
- Apanso, sipayenera kukhala shuga (Negative/Nil) mu mkodzo wanu.
- Ngati ilipo (Yabwino), ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda a shuga . Ngati shuga m'magazi ali pamwamba kwambiri, impso sizingathe kuyamwanso shuga yonse, ndipo imatuluka mu mkodzo.
Kodi ma ketones amachokera kuti? (Ma ketones)
- Pamene thupi lanu likusowa shuga wambiri (chifukwa cha matenda a shuga osalamulirika bwino), kusala kudya, kapena kusanza kosalekeza), imayamba kuyaka mafuta kuti ikhale mafuta. Chotsatira cha njirayi ndi ma ketone .
- Izi nthawi zambiri ziyenera kukhala zoipa. Ngati zilipo, chifukwa chake chikufunika kufufuzidwa.
Kodi Bilirubin ndi Urobilinogen ndi ziti?
- Magawo awa amapereka chidziwitso chachindunji cha thanzi la chiwindi chanu. Zinthu zosazolowereka pano zimafuna kuyesedwa ndi dokotala kuti adziwe ngati chiwindi chanu chili ndi vuto.
Kodi pali magazi? (Magazi)
- Ngakhale mkodzo utakhala wosaoneka wofiira, mayeso a mankhwala awa amatha kuzindikira ngakhale kuchuluka kwa magazi.
- Ngati pali kachilomboka, izi zitha kusonyeza matenda, miyala ya impso, kapena mavuto ena a impso.
Zizindikiro za matenda (Leukocyte Esterase & Nitrites)
- Kupezeka kwa zonsezi (Leukocyte Esterase ndi Nitrites) ndi chizindikiro champhamvu cha matenda a UTI (matenda a mkodzo), chifukwa matenda nthawi zambiri amakhudza kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera amagazi ndi mabakiteriya enaake.
Pomaliza, kufufuza kwa microscopic
Gulu la labu limazungulira mkodzo mu centrifuge kuti litenge dothi, lomwe kenako limawonedwa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu. Apa ndi pomwe amapeza tsatanetsatane wa maikulosikopu.
Maselo Ofiira a M'magazi (RBCs)
- Ngakhale mkodzo utakhala wosafiira, maselo angapo (nthawi zambiri 0-3) amatha kuwoneka pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu.
- Ngati pali zambiri, zimatsimikizira kuti magazi akutuluka kwinakwake m'njira ya mkodzo.
Maselo Oyera a M'magazi / Maselo a Mafinya
- Awa ndi asilikali a thupi lanu! Amawonjezeka akamalimbana ndi matenda (ndichifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amatchedwa maselo a mafinya).
- Kawirikawiri, chiwerengerocho chiyenera kukhala chosakwana 5. Chiwerengero chachikulu chimasonyeza kuti munthu ali ndi kachilomboka.
Maselo a Epithelial
- Maselo amenewa amatuluka kuchokera mu mkodzo. Kuchuluka pang'ono ndi kwabwinobwino.
- Komabe, mitundu yochulukirapo kapena yeniyeni (monga maselo a Renal Tubular) imatha kuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa impso.
Masewera
- Izi ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tooneka ngati chubu tomwe timapangidwa ndi mapuloteni kapena maselo mkati mwa impso.
- Mtundu wa chipolopolo (monga RBC casts, WBC casts) umathandiza kuzindikira matenda enaake a impso.
Makristalo
- Izi ndi mapangidwe ang'onoang'ono a mchere.
- Zina zochepa (monga Calcium Oxalate) ndizofala, koma kuchuluka kwambiri kapena mitundu ina yake kungasonyeze chiopsezo cha miyala ya impso .
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (Mabakiteriya, Yisiti, Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda)
- Mkodzo wabwinobwino uyenera kukhala wopanda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
- Kupezeka kwawo ndi chizindikiro chodziwikiratu cha matenda monga UTI kapena matenda a yisiti.
Kodi tingatanthauzire bwanji zonsezi?
Tsopano mukuona kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso chomwe lipoti la UFR limapereka. Koma kumbukirani lamulo lofunika ili: Musayese kudzifufuza nokha pogwiritsa ntchito mzere umodzi pa lipotilo!
Dokotala akamaunikanso lipotili, amalumikiza zotsatira zonse ndi zizindikiro zanu, mbiri yanu yachipatala, komanso nthawi zina mayeso ena kuti apereke matenda olondola.
Momwe mungaperekere chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri
Kusonkhanitsa bwino ndikofunikira kuti mupeze zotsatira zolondola. Nazi njira zodziwika bwino:
- Mkodzo Woyamba M'mawa:Ngati n'kotheka, perekani mkodzo woyamba m'mawa chifukwa ndi umene uli ndi madzi ambiri.
- Pakati pa madzi: Yambani kukodza, ndipo gwirani gawo la "pakati" mu chidebe. Pewani magawo oyamba ndi omaliza.
- Ukhondo: Musanatenge, yeretsani malo oberekera ndi madzi ndikupukuta. Izi zimateteza majeremusi akunja kuti asaipitse chitsanzocho ndikupereka zotsatira zolakwika.
Mawu omaliza (Gawo lofunika kwambiri!)
Tsopano mwamvetsa bwino momwe mungawerengere lipoti la UFR. Liganizeni ngati nkhani yomwe thupi lanu likukuuzani. Komabe, musaiwale kuti izi zimangopereka zizindikiro . Kuti mumvetse nkhani yonse ndikusankha njira zofunika, muyenera kufunsa dokotala wanu ndikugawana lipotilo nawo. Ndiyo njira yokhayo yotsimikizira!
Gawani bukuli kuti muthandize ena kuphunzira!
