Kodi munapondapo msomali wozizira ndi kuganiza kuti, 'O, ndiyenera kubayidwa jekeseni wa tetanus tsopano'? Kapena munaganizapo kuti, 'Izi sizikupweteka' mukavulala pang'ono? Ambiri aife tamvapo za tetanus, koma sitikudziwa kuti ndi yoopsa bwanji. Tetanus, kapena monga momwe imadziwikira ndi madokotala, ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri kuposa momwe mungaganizire. Lero, tikambirana za izi m'njira yosavuta kumva.
Kodi matenda a tetanus kwenikweni ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, tetanus ndi matenda oopsa omwe amakhudza mitsempha yathu. Amayamba pamene poizoni wopangidwa ndi bakiteriya wotchedwa `Clostridium tetani` alowa m'thupi mwathu. Ma spores a bakiteriyawa amapezeka pafupifupi kulikonse m'chilengedwe. Amapezeka kwambiri m'nthaka, fumbi, ndi ndowe za nyama . Malo omwe ali ndi zinthu zakale zachitsulo monga misomali yodzimbiri amakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wosunga bakiteriyawa chifukwa pali dothi ndi fumbi.
Maganizo olakwika ambiri ndi akuti dzimbiri limayambitsa matuza. Ndipotu, matuza samayamba chifukwa cha dzimbiri, koma chifukwa cha mabakiteriya omwe ali mu dothi kapena litsiro lomwe lingamamatire ku zipangizo zozizira.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timeneti tikalowa m'thupi mwanu kudzera m'bala lakuya pakhungu lanu, timayamba kukula m'malo opanda mpweya wokwanira. Kenako timapanga poizoni woopsa wotchedwa `tetanospasmin`. Poizoniyu amayenda m'magazi ndikumamatira ku mitsempha yathu, kupita ku msana. Pamenepo, amatseka zizindikiro zomwe zimauza minofu yathu kuti ipumule. Zotsatira zake, minofu imalimba, mafupa a nsagwada amamatirana, ndipo vuto lotchedwa `lockjaw` limachitika.
Izi ndi nkhani yaikulu kwambiri. Ngakhale mutalandira chithandizo kuchipatala chamakono, pakati pa 10% ndi 20% ya omwe ali ndi kachilomboka amatha kufa. Choncho izi siziyenera kuonedwa mopepuka.
Kodi ziphuphu zingayambe bwanji?
Mabakiteriya a Clostridium tetani angayambitse tetanus ngati alowa m'thupi kudzera pachilonda. Tiyeni tiwone njira zomwe izi zimachitikira mu tebulo ili m'munsimu.
| Mtundu wa kuvulalako | Zitsanzo ndi mafotokozedwe |
|---|---|
| Mabala Oboola | Mabala akuya omwe amalowa pakhungu chifukwa cha zinthu monga misomali, minga, kapena zidutswa zakuthwa zamatabwa. |
| Mabala odetsedwa | Mabala oipitsidwa ndi dothi, ndowe za ziweto, malovu, ndi zina zotero. |
| Mabala okhala ndi minofu yakufa | Kupsa kwambiri, kuzizira kwambiri. |
| Zifukwa zina | Singano zonyansa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pobaya mankhwala, maopaleshoni omwe amachitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida zonyansa, kulumidwa ndi nyama, ndi kulumidwa ndi tizilombo (zosowa kawirikawiri). |
Chofunika ndichakuti, ngati simunalandire katemera wanu wa chikuku moyenera, muli pachiwopsezo cha kuvulala kulikonse mwa izi.
Pali magulu angapo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu:
- Anthu omwe amabaya mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
- Anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka (monga omwe amalandira chithandizo cha chemotherapy cha khansa).
- Anthu odwala matenda a shuga.
- Anthu opitirira zaka 70 (chifukwa chitetezo cha mthupi ku katemera chingachepe pakapita nthawi).
Kodi zizindikiro za mimba yopita padera ndi ziti?
Zizindikiro zimatha kuonekera pakati pa masiku atatu ndi 21 munthu atatenga kachilombo ka chimfine. Nthawi zambiri zimatenga masiku pafupifupi 8. Chizindikiro choyamba ndi kutsekeka kwa milomo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pakamwa sungatsegulidwe. Kenako zizindikirozo zimafalikira pang'onopang'ono m'thupi lonse.
| Zizindikiro zazikulu |
|---|
| Kutseka kwa ntchafu (kutseka kwa ntchafu). |
| Kuvuta kumeza. |
| Kukanika kwa minofu yopweteka thupi lonse. |
| Kugwedezeka kwa minofu mwadzidzidzi komanso koopsa. |
| Kupweteka mutu, kutentha thupi, ndi thukuta kwambiri. |
| Kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kugunda kwa mtima. |
| Pa milandu yoopsa, khunyu likhoza kuchitika. |
Kodi Kutsekeka kwa Minofu Kumakhala Bwanji?
Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zoopsa komanso zopweteka kwambiri za khunyu. Tangoganizirani, kumva phokoso laling'ono, munthu wina kukhudza thupi lanu, kapena kuyatsa magetsi kungayambitse kugwedezeka kwa minofu. Panthawiyi, khosi lanu ndi msana wanu zimapindika ngati uta, miyendo yanu imawongoka ndikulimba, ndipo manja anu amamatira zibakera. Vutoli likhoza kukhala kwa mphindi zingapo, ndipo mungakhale ndi vuto kupuma panthawiyi.
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, ndikofunikira kupita ku chipatala cha Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) nthawi yomweyo.
Kodi imachiritsidwa bwanji?
Palibe mayeso enieni a magazi kuti adziwe chikuku. Dokotala adzazindikira matendawa powunikanso zizindikiro zanu, tsatanetsatane wa kuvulala kwanu, ndi mbiri yanu ya katemera.
Chithandizo cha eclampsia nthawi zambiri chimafuna kukhala m'chipatala, nthawi zambiri m'chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU) . Pali njira zingapo zazikulu zochizira:
- Kuchiza bala: Choyamba choyenera kuchita ndikutsuka bala bwino ndikuchotsa minofu yakufa ndi Fremdkörper (chinthu chachilendo) chilichonse chomwe chili pabala. Izi ndi kuletsa mabakiteriya kuti asapitirire kukula.
- Katemera wa Tetanus Immune Globulin (TIG): Katemerayu amapereka ma antibodies omwe amawononga poizoni wa tetanus womwe umayenda m'thupi.
- Mankhwala Opha Mabakiteriya: Mankhwala opha mabakiteriya monga Metronidazole amaperekedwa kuti aphe mabakiteriya a Clostridium tetani.
- Mankhwala oletsa kupweteka kwa minofu: Kupweteka kwa minofu kumayendetsedwa ndi kupereka mankhwala ochepetsa ululu monga `Diazepam`.
- Chithandizo chothandizira: Ngati wodwalayo akuvutika kupuma yekha, chithandizo chamakina chimaperekedwa. Popeza sangathe kumeza chakudya, chubu chimayikidwa kudzera mu mphuno ndipo chakudya chokwanira chimaperekedwa. Wodwalayo amayang'aniridwa mosamala ndi gulu lachipatala mpaka atachira kwathunthu.
Kupewa ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri - katemera!
Chinthu chabwino kwambiri chokhudza chikuku ndichakuti chingapewedwe kotheratu ndi katemera.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti, musaganize kuti chifukwa choti mudadwalapo kachirombo kamodzi, simudzadwalanso. Ngakhale mutachira matendawa, thupi lanu silikhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kulandira katemera kachiwiri ngakhale mutachira.
M'dziko lathu, ana amapatsidwa katemera wa `DTaP` (diphtheria, pertussis, ndi chifuwa chokoka) ali aang'ono. Koma chitetezo chimenecho sichikhalapo kwa moyo wonse. Chifukwa chake, ngati munthu wamkulu, muyenera kukumbukira zinthu izi:
- Pezani jakisoni wowonjezera wa chikuku zaka 10 zilizonse .
- Ngati muli ndi bala lakuya kapena lodetsedwa, ndipo papita zaka zoposa 5 kuchokera pamene mudalandira katemera womaliza (kapena simukukumbukira nthawi) , pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo ndipo mulandire jakisoni wowonjezera.
Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kulikonse pankhaniyi, musaganize kuti kuvulalako ndi kochepa. Pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo kuti akupatseni upangiri.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Tetanus ndi matenda oopsa omwe amakhudza mitsempha ndipo samayamba chifukwa cha dzimbiri, koma chifukwa cha mabakiteriya omwe amapezeka m'nthaka ndi fumbi.
- Kutopa ndi kupweteka kwambiri kwa minofu ndiye zizindikiro zazikulu , ndipo izi zitha kubweretsa imfa .
- Kugonekedwa m'chipatala n'kofunika kwambiri pa chithandizo, ndipo ndi njira yovuta.
- Njira yabwino yopewera matendawa ndikupeza jakisoni wowonjezera wa chikuku zaka 10 zilizonse.
- Ngati muli ndi mabala akuya komanso odetsedwa, musawanyalanyaze ndipo pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo kuti akaone katemera wanu.
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