Kodi dokotala wanu wakuuzani za opaleshoni ya urostomy? Kapena pali munthu amene mumamudziwa amene akufuna kuchitidwa opaleshoniyi? Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono komanso nkhawa mukamva dzinali. "Kodi ichi ndi chinthu chanji?", "Kodi moyo wanga udzakhala bwanji pambuyo pa izi?" Mafunso ambiri amabuka m'maganizo mwanu. Koma tikadziwa bwino za izi, mantha amenewo amatha. Lero, tikambirana za chilichonse mosavuta, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.
Kodi Urostomy ndi chiyani kwenikweni?
Mwachidule, urostomy ndi opaleshoni yomwe imapanga njira yatsopano yoti mkodzo (mkodzo) utuluke m'thupi lanu. Mu njirayi, dokotalayo amapanga kabowo kakang'ono, kapena dzenje, m'mimba mwanu komwe kamawonekera pakhungu. M'mawu azachipatala, izi zimatchedwa stoma .
Taganizirani za mkodzo wathu ngati njira yolumikizira madzi. Mkodzo wopangidwa ndi impso umadutsa m'machubu awiri (ureters) kupita ku chikhodzodzo, komwe umatuluka m'thupi kudzera mu chubu china (urethra). Nthawi zina, thanki lalikulu la dongosololi (chikhodzodzo) kapena machubu olumikizidwa nalo amawonongeka chifukwa cha matenda kapena ngozi. Kenako, njira ina iyenera kupangidwa kuti mkodzo utuluke m'thupi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake opaleshoniyi imachitika.
Mkodzo umapitirira kutuluka m'thupi kudzera mu stoma iyi. Chikwama chapadera (urostomy bag) chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonkhanitsa mkodzo womwe umatuluka, ndipo umalumikizidwa ku stoma. Iyi nthawi zambiri ndi opaleshoni yokhazikika. Izi zikutanthauza kuti singathe kubwezeretsedwa. Koma musadandaule, gulu lanu lachipatala lidzakuthandizani kuzolowera moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku ndi kusintha kwatsopano kumeneku.
N’chifukwa chiyani opaleshoni yamtunduwu ndi yofunika?
Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe munthu angafunikire opaleshoni ya urostomy. Zifukwa zazikulu ndi izi:
- Kuchotsa chikhodzodzo chifukwa cha khansa ya chikhodzodzo: Ichi ndi chifukwa chofala kwambiri. Chikhodzodzo chikachotsedwa kwathunthu (cystectomy) chifukwa cha khansa, njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa palibe malo oti mkodzo usonkhane.
- Kuwonongeka kwa chikhodzodzo: Pamene chikhodzodzo chawonongeka kwambiri chifukwa cha ngozi, matenda, kapena chithandizo cha radiation.
- Kusadziletsa mkodzo: Pa milandu yovuta kwambiri, palibe njira yowongolera mkodzo.
- Kuwonongeka kwa msana: Pamene ntchito ya chikhodzodzo yatayika chifukwa cha kuvulala kwa msana.
- Matenda obadwa nawo: Zilema zobadwa nazo monga spina bifida.
- Kuwonongeka kwa mkodzo: Pamene chubu chomwe chimanyamula mkodzo m'thupi chawonongeka.
- Mavuto ena a mkodzo: Mavuto ena omwe amalepheretsa mkodzo kutuluka bwino.
Mwachidule, opaleshoni iyi ndi njira yothetsera mavuto komanso yotetezeka pamavuto aliwonse akuluakulu omwe mkodzo sungatuluke m'thupi mwachizolowezi.
Kodi pali mitundu ya opaleshoni ya urostomy?
Inde, pali njira zingapo zazikulu zochitira opaleshoniyi. Zimatengera matenda anu komanso zomwe dokotala wa opaleshoniyo watsimikiza.
Ileal conduit - Iyi ndiyo njira yodziwika kwambiri.
Mu njira imeneyi, dokotala amachotsa chidutswa chaching'ono cha gawo lomaliza la matumbo anu ang'onoang'ono (ileum) . Kenako, njira yaying'ono yonga chubu imapangidwa kuchokera ku chidutswacho. Machubu awiri omwe amanyamula mkodzo kuchokera ku impso (ureters) amalumikizidwa ku njira yatsopanoyi. Malekezero ena a njirayo amalumikizidwa ku stoma (stoma) yomwe imapangidwa m'mimba. Mkodzo wochokera ku impso umatuluka mu stoma kudzera mu njira yatsopanoyi. Stoma nthawi zambiri imakhala kumanja kwa mimba.
Msewu wa m'matumbo
Izi zikufanana kwambiri ndi njira yakale, koma m'malo motenga gawo la matumbo ang'onoang'ono kuti apange njira yatsopano, gawo la matumbo akuluakulu (sigmoid colon) limagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ureterostomy
Mu njira imeneyi, palibe gawo la matumbo lomwe limachotsedwa. Dokotala amalumikiza chubu chimodzi kapena zonse ziwiri zomwe zimanyamula mkodzo kuchokera ku impso kupita ku stoma yomwe imapangidwa m'mimba .
Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji musanachite opaleshoni?
Opaleshoni isanachitike, dokotala wanu ndi gulu lachipatala adzakambirana nanu mosamala. Adzakufotokozerani izi:
- N’chifukwa chiyani mukufunikira opaleshoni iyi?
- Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya opaleshoni?
- Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani mutachita opaleshoni?
- Kodi zoopsa zomwe zimabwera chifukwa cha izi ndi ziti?
Mudzalangizidwa kuti musala kudya, kutanthauza kuti, musadye chakudya ndi zakumwa, kwa nthawi yayitali musanachite opaleshoni. Adzakuuzaninso ngati muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwala omwe mumamwa nthawi zonse kapena kupitiriza kumwa. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa, kuphatikizapo mavitamini ndi mankhwala azitsamba.
Kuphatikiza apo, musanachite opaleshoni, dokotala ndi anamwino adzakambirana nanu kuti asankhe malo abwino kwambiri pamimba panu kuti mupange stoma. Apa payenera kukhala malo omwe mungathe kuwona mosavuta, kufikira, komanso kukhala ndi malo athyathyathya. Izi zidzakuthandizani kusintha thumba pambuyo pake mosavuta.
Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani panthawi ya opaleshoni komanso pambuyo pake?
Opaleshoniyi imachitika pansi pa mankhwala oletsa ululu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti simudzamva chilichonse, mudzakhala mukugona tulo tofa nato. Opaleshoniyi ingatenge maola pafupifupi 6. Dokotalayo amapanga stoma pamalo omwe mwasankha kale ndikulumikiza chubu kuti chinyamule mkodzo. Nthawi zina, pazochitika monga khansa, zingakhale zofunikira kuchotsa ziwalo zina monga chikhodzodzo, ma lymph nodes, kapena ziwalo zina za njira yoberekera (prostate mwa amuna, chiberekero mwa akazi).
Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mudzatengedwera ku chipinda chochiritsira odwala ndikusamutsidwira ku chipinda chosungira odwala matenda anu akakhazikika.
- Machubu amodzi kapena angapo (mataipi) angaikidwe kuti achotse madzi omwe amasonkhana m'thupi.
- Mankhwala amaperekedwa kuti achepetse ululu.
- Pofuna kupewa magazi kuundana ndi chibayo, mukulimbikitsidwa kukhala pabedi mwachangu momwe mungathere, kusuntha miyendo yanu, ndikuyenda ndi thandizo la wina.
- Mukhoza kuyamba kudya ndi kumwa bwino pakatha masiku ochepa.
| Mtundu wa chiopsezo | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Zoopsa zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri zikachitika opaleshoni | Mavuto okhudzana ndi mankhwala oletsa ululu, matenda opatsirana, kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zozungulira, magazi kuundana, kutuluka magazi kwambiri, chibayo. |
| Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pambuyo pake | Kutsekeka kwa chubu chifukwa cha zipsera, matenda kapena mabala a khungu lozungulira stoma, kupangika kwa hernia, miyala ya impso kapena kulephera kwa impso, komanso mavuto a kagayidwe kachakudya m'thupi. |
Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni iliyonse, pali zoopsa zina zomwe zimachitika. Koma nthawi zambiri njira imeneyi ndi yotetezeka kwambiri. Dokotala wanu adzachita zonse zomwe angathe kuti achepetse zoopsazi.
Kodi zitenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti ndichire? Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?
Anthu ena amatuluka m'chipatala pasanathe masiku atatu kuchokera pamene opaleshoni inachitika, pomwe ena angafunike kukhala kwa sabata imodzi kapena kuposerapo. Mukakhala m'chipatala, ogwira ntchito yosamalira ana adzakuphunzitsani momwe mungasungire stoma yanu kukhala yoyera, momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito thumba, komanso momwe mungasinthire. Ichi ndi chinthu chatsopano, kotero poyamba chingamveke chachilendo pang'ono, koma mudzazolowera pakapita nthawi.
Mukabwerera kunyumba, zingatenge miyezi iwiri kuti muchire bwino musanabwerere kuntchito kapena kusukulu. Panthawiyi, mudzakhala ndi mwayi wozolowera kugwiritsa ntchito thumba lanu la urostomy.
Ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse, imbani dokotala nthawi yomweyo, makamaka ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi:
- Malungo
- Kutuluka magazi kosazolowereka
- Ululu waukulu
- Kuvuta kugwiritsa ntchito thumba la urostomy
- Kusintha kwa mtundu wa mkodzo kapena fungo lake
Mafunso ochepa omwe aliyense ali nawo
Pokamba za opaleshoni yamtunduwu, anthu ambiri ali ndi mafunso ofanana. Tiyeni tipeze mayankho a mafunso amenewo.
Kodi stoma imawoneka bwanji? Kodi imamveka bwanji?
Mukayamba kuona stoma yanu, ikhoza kutupa pang'ono, kufiira, komanso kuvulala. Koma musadandaule, izi zidzasintha pakapita nthawi. Stoma idzachepa pang'onopang'ono ndikusintha kukhala pinki kapena wofiira pang'ono. Ikhoza kukhala yozungulira kapena yozungulira. Stoma ya anthu ena ikhoza kukwezedwa pang'ono pamwamba pa khungu, pomwe ina ikhoza kukhala yosalala motsutsana ndi khungu.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti stoma isakhale ndi mitsempha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti simungathe kuimva. Ngakhale khungu lozungulira lingakhale lopweteka mpaka bala la opaleshoni litachira, simudzamva chilichonse mukakhudza stoma.
Kodi thumba la urostomy liyenera kusinthidwa kangati?
Pali zinthu ziwiri apa: kuchotsa zinthu zonse m'thumba ndi kusintha thumba.
- Kutulutsa madzi m'thumba: Muyenera kutulutsa madzi m'thumba nthawi zonse monga momwe mumachitira mu bafa musanachite opaleshoni. Nthawi zambiri maola angapo aliwonse. Musadikire mpaka thumba litadzaza. Ndi bwino kutulutsa madzi m'thumba likadzaza pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu kapena theka. Izi zithandiza kupewa kutuluka kwa madzi m'thumba ndikuyambitsa matenda a pakhungu.
- Kusintha: Nthawi yosintha imasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa thumba lomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito. Zina zimafunika kusinthidwa tsiku lililonse. Zina zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa masiku atatu kapena sabata imodzi yokha.
Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti pali chidebe chachikulu chotulutsira madzi chomwe mungachimangirire ku thumba lanu la urostomy mukagona usiku, kuti mugone bwino usiku wonse osadzuka.
Kodi mumazolowera bwanji kusintha kumeneku?
Zingatenge nthawi kuti uzolowere kukhala ndi kusintha kumeneku m'thupi lanu. Izi ndi zachilendo. Poyamba, mungamve chisoni, kukwiya, kapena kuchita mantha. Mungadandaule ndi zomwe anthu ena angaganize pankhaniyi.
Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu, abale anu, ndi anzanu apamtima za momwe mukumvera. Palinso magulu othandizira anthu omwe adachitidwa opaleshoni yamtunduwu. Amatha kumvetsetsa bwino zomwe mwakumana nazo. Mutha kuphunzira zambiri kuchokera ku zomwe adakumana nazo ndikupeza mphamvu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kuchotsa urostomy si chinthu choopsa. Ndi opaleshoni yotetezeka yomwe ingathandize kuti moyo wanu ukhale wosavuta, komanso nthawi zambiri kupulumutsa moyo wanu.
- Zitenga nthawi kuti uzolowere kusintha kwa thupi kumeneku. Ndizachibadwa kumva chisoni komanso mantha nazo. Lankhulani ndi munthu amene mumamudalira za malingaliro amenewa.
- Kusunga stoma ndi khungu lozungulira malo ake kukhala aukhondo komanso ouma ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti tipewe mavuto.
- Musazengereze kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za vuto lililonse laling'ono kapena vuto lililonse lomwe mungakhale nalo.
- Mungathe kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino, wokangalika, komanso wachimwemwe mutachita opaleshoni ya urostomy.
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