Kodi munamvapo za opaleshoni yadzidzidzi yomwe idachitidwa kuti muchepetse kupanikizika muubongo? Ngati wokondedwa wanu kapena mnzanu adapita kuchipatala chifukwa cha kuvulala mutu, mwina mudamvapo madokotala akunena za njirayi. Mawu azachipatala a izi ndi Ventriculostomy . Ngakhale dzinalo likumveka lovuta, tiyeni tikambirane za zomwe limaphatikizapo m'njira yosavuta komanso yaubwenzi.
Kodi Ventriculostomy kwenikweni ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, opaleshoni ya ventriculostomy ndi opaleshoni yopangidwa kuti ichotse madzi ochulukirapo mkati mwa ubongo, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi koopsa.
Ganizirani ubongo wanu ngati chinthu chamtengo wapatali komanso chofooka. Kuti muuteteze mwachilengedwe, umatetezedwa ndi madzi. M'mawu azachipatala, timatcha Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) . Madzi awa amazungulira ubongo wanu ndi msana, akuchita ngati choteteza kugwedezeka.
Komabe, chifukwa cha kuvulala (monga kumenyedwa mutu), kutuluka magazi muubongo, kapena matenda a majini, CSF iyi nthawi zina imatha kupangidwa mopitirira muyeso kapena kulephera kuyenda bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti igwirizane. Izi zikachitika, ubongo umayamba kukakamizidwa motsutsana ndi chigaza. Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha kuti kupanikizika kwamkati mwa mutu .
Kupanikizika kwambiri muubongo ndi vuto lalikulu lachipatala. Ngati silinachiritsidwe, likhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo cha moyo. Kutsegula ubongo ndi opaleshoni yofunika kwambiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika zadzidzidzi izi kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi ndikupulumutsa miyoyo.
Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimafunika kuti Ventriculostomy ichitike?
Kawirikawiri, opaleshoniyi imachitika pochiza vuto lililonse lomwe limakweza kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mutu. Nazi zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimachitika pamene opaleshoniyi imafunika:
| Mkhalidwe | Kufotokozera Kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Hydrocephalus | Kuwunjikana kwachilendo kwa CSF muubongo. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri mwa makanda. |
| Kutuluka magazi m'mutu | Kutuluka magazi mu ubongo kapena m'maselo ozungulira, nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena kuvulala. |
| Kuwonjezeka kwa Kupanikizika kwa M'mutu | Kupanikizika kokwera komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda omwe ali pamwambapa kapena zinthu zina monga chotupa cha muubongo. |
| Kuvulala kwa Ubongo Koopsa | Kutupa kwa ubongo ndi kudzikundikira kwa madzi pambuyo pa ngozi, monga kugwa kapena ngozi ya galimoto. |
Mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya njirayi
Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zochitira opaleshoni ya ventriculostomy. Dokotala wanu adzasankha njira yoyenera kwambiri pa zosowa zanu zachipatala.
1. Kukhetsa kwa Magazi a M'mitsempha Yakunja (EVD)
Mwanjira imeneyi, dokotalayo amapanga dzenje laling'ono m'chigaza ndipo amaika catheter - chubu chopyapyala komanso chosinthasintha - m'chipinda chodzaza madzi (ventricle) cha ubongo. Mbali ina ya chubuchi imatulutsidwa m'thupi ndikulumikizidwa ku njira yapadera yotulutsira madzi. Izi zimalola kuti CSF yochulukirapo ituluke pang'onopang'ono mu thumba, zomwe zimachepetsa kuthamanga kwa ubongo. Iyi nthawi zambiri imakhala yankho la kanthawi kochepa.
2. Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy (ETV)
Iyi ndi njira yosiyana pang'ono. Dokotala wa opaleshoni amadula pang'ono ndikuyika endoscope - chubu chopyapyala chokhala ndi kamera kakang'ono ndi kuwala - muubongo. Kenako amapanga kampata kakang'ono pansi pa ventricle yachitatu. Izi zimalola CSF yogwidwa kutuluka ndikuyamwa ndi minofu yozungulira, ndikubwezeretsa kuyenda kwachilengedwe. Iyi ndi njira yokhazikika komanso yamkati.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani musanachite opaleshoni?
Popeza nthawi zambiri izi zimakhala zadzidzidzi, simungakhale ndi nthawi yokwanira yokonzekera. Mukafika ku Chipinda Chodzidzimutsa (ER), gulu lachipatala lidzafufuza momwe mulili mwachangu ndikusankha opaleshoni.
Opaleshoni isanachitike, gulu lachipatala lidzakufotokozerani inu kapena wosamalira wanu za opaleshoniyi ndi zoopsa zake, ndipo mudzapemphedwa kuti musayine fomu yovomereza. Angakufunseninso kuti:
- Imwani mankhwala enaake (makamaka maantibayotiki ) monga mwalangizidwira.
- Imani kwakanthawi mankhwala aliwonse ochepetsa magazi omwe mukumwa.
- Pita ukayezetsedwe matenda, monga magazi kapena CT scan.
Ngati muli ndi mafunso, musazengereze kufunsa dokotala wanu. Ndi zachilendo kukhala ndi nkhawa mu mkhalidwe ngati uwu.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani panthawi ya opaleshoni?
Opaleshoni isanayambe, dokotala wogonetsa adzakupatsani mankhwala oletsa ululu. Kutengera ndi momwe zinthu zilili, mutha kugona mokwanira ( General Anesthesia ) kapena dera lenileni la mutu wanu litatsekedwa ( Local Anesthesia ). Komabe, simudzamva kupweteka kulikonse panthawi ya opaleshoniyi.
Pambuyo pake, gulu la opaleshoni lidzameta tsitsi laling'ono kwambiri pamalo odulidwa. Izi sizidzakhudza kwambiri mawonekedwe anu onse.
Masitepe a opaleshoni nthawi zambiri amakhala motere:
- Chobowola chapadera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga dzenje laling'ono kwambiri m'chigaza.
- Katheta kapena endoscope imalowetsedwa mosamala muubongo.
- Chidacho chimalowetsedwa mu ventricle popanda kuwononga minofu ya ubongo.
- Mpata wofunikira umapangidwa kapena ngalande imayikidwa kuti iyendetse madzi.
- Ntchito ikatha, zidazo zimachotsedwa, ndipo chochekacho chimatsekedwa ndi ma spatula kapena ma staples azachipatala.
Njira yonseyi nthawi zambiri imatenga pafupifupi ola limodzi kuti ithe.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoni? Zoopsa zomwe zingachitike komanso kuchira
Mukangomaliza opaleshoniyi, mudzasamutsidwira ku Intensive Care Unit (ICU) kapena ku chipinda chapadera, komwe gulu lathu lidzakuyang'anirani mosamala pamene mukudzuka kuchokera ku mankhwala oletsa ululu. Mukadzuka, ndi zachilendo kumva kutopa kapena kutopa. Gulu lanu lachipatala lidzakufunsani mafunso osavuta ndikukupemphani kuti musunthe miyendo yanu kuti muwonetsetse kuti ubongo wanu ukugwira ntchito bwino komanso moyenera.
Mwina mungafunike kukhala m'chipatala kwa masiku angapo. Musanapite kunyumba, mudzalandira malangizo omveka bwino a momwe mungasamalire malo ochitira opaleshoni yanu komanso momwe mungachiritsire matenda anu.
Monga opaleshoni ina iliyonse, palinso zoopsa zina zomwe zimakhudzidwa. Komabe, chonde dziwani kuti gulu lathu la opaleshoni lili ndi maphunziro apamwamba ndipo ladzipereka kutenga njira zonse zodzitetezera kuti muchepetse zoopsazi.
| Ngozi Yomwe Ingakhalepo | Kufotokozera Kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Kutuluka magazi | Kutuluka magazi pamalo ochitira opaleshoni kapena mkati mwa ubongo. |
| Matenda | Matenda pamalo obayidwa kapena pa nembanemba ya ubongo (monga Ventriculitis). |
| Kutayika kwa catheter | Chubucho sichingakhale pamalo abwino, zomwe zingakhudze kutuluka kwa madzi kwa CSF moyenera. |
| Kutuluka kwa CSF | Madzi a m'mitsempha akutuluka kuchokera pamalo odulidwa. |
| Kutulutsa madzi ambiri mu CSF | Kuchotsa madzi ambiri, zomwe zingayambitse mavuto ena. |
Nthawi yoti mupeze chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu
Mukabwerera kunyumba, ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zilizonse zomwe zili pansipa, funsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo kapena pitani ku Dipatimenti Yodzidzimutsa yapafupi (ED) .
- Kukula kwa malungo.
- Kutuluka magazi kapena kutuluka mafinya kuchokera pamalo obayidwa opaleshoni.
- Kutupa kwakukulu kuzungulira bala.
- Mutu waukulu, wosapiririka kapena ululu wowonjezereka.
- Kusokonezeka maganizo, kuchepa kwa tcheru, kapena kulephera kukumbukira.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Ventriculostomy ndi opaleshoni yopulumutsa moyo yomwe imachitika kuti ichepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mutu .
- Kawirikawiri imachitidwa ngati chithandizo chadzidzidzi pambuyo pa ngozi kapena matenda mwadzidzidzi.
- Ngakhale kuti opaleshoni yonse ili ndi zoopsa, gulu lanu lachipatala ku Nirogi Lanka limatsatira njira zokhwima kuti mutetezeke ndikuchepetsa zoopsazi.
- Kuchira kwathunthu kungatenge milungu ingapo; kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu mutatha opaleshoni ndikofunikira kwambiri pa thanzi lanu.
- Ngati inu kapena osamalira anu muli ndi mafunso okhudza kuchira kwanu, chonde musazengereze kufunsa gulu lanu lachipatala. Tili pano kuti tikuthandizeni panjira iliyonse.
