Musaope zotupa za muubongo, tiyeni tidziwe bwino!

Tikamva mawu oti 'chotupa cha muubongo', tonse timachita mantha pang'ono, sichoncho? Ngakhale kumva mawu amenewo kumatibweretsera mantha. Koma nthawi zambiri, chifukwa cha mantha amenewa n'chakuti sitikudziwa bwino lomwe kuti ndi chiyani. Chifukwa chake lero, tikambirana za matenda a muubongo awa, mitundu yawo, zizindikiro zawo, ndi machiritso awo m'njira yosavuta komanso yomveka bwino. Mukawerenga nkhaniyi, mudzataya mantha anu osafunikira pankhaniyi ndikupeza chidziwitso chabwino.

Kodi chotupa cha muubongo n'chiyani?

Mwachidule, chotupa cha muubongo ndi kukula kosazolowereka kwa maselo muubongo wathu kapena mozungulira. Taganizirani izi ngati selo lililonse m'thupi lathu lili ndi malangizo (omwe timatcha DNA) omwe amatiuza momwe tingagwirire ntchito. Malangizo awa akawonongeka pazifukwa zina, maselo ena amayamba kugawikana mosalamulirika, ngati kuti "achita misala." Ili ndi gulu la maselo omwe amasonkhana motere, lomwe timalitcha 'chotupa'.

Mtedza uwu ukhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu:

1. Zotupa Zosavulaza: Izi si matenda a khansa. Nthawi zambiri zimakula pang'onopang'ono. Ndipo sizifalikira kumadera ena a ubongo. Komabe, kutengera malo ndi kukula kwake, zimatha kuyambitsa mavuto pokanikiza mbali zofunika kwambiri za ubongo.

2. Zotupa Zoopsa: Izi ndi zomwe timazitcha Khansa. Zimakula mofulumira ndipo zimatha kufalikira ku minofu yozungulira ndi mbali zina za ubongo.

Kusiyana pakati pa zotupa 'zoyipa' ndi 'zoyipa'

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kumvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa ziwirizi. Tiyeni tiwone motere kuti zikhale zosavuta kumvetsetsa.

Kodi zizindikiro za chotupa cha muubongo ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za khansa ya muubongo zimasiyana malinga ndi komwe khansa ili muubongo komanso kukula kwake, chifukwa mbali zosiyanasiyana za ubongo wathu zimayang'anira ntchito zosiyanasiyana m'thupi.

Izi ndi zina mwa zizindikiro zofala zomwe zingawonekere:

• Mutu: Izi zitha kukhala zosiyana ndi mutu wamba. Zingakhale zovuta kwambiri mukadzuka m'mawa, kapena zingakhale zopweteka kwambiri moti zimakudzutsani usiku.
• Kugwidwa ndi khunyu: Ngati munthu amene sanakumanepo ndi khunyu mwadzidzidzi agwidwa ndi khunyu, ndi chizindikiro choti muyenera kuda nkhawa nacho.
• Kusintha kwa umunthu kapena khalidwe: Zinthu monga kukwiya mwadzidzidzi, kukwiya, kapena kuiwala zinthu.
• Kufooka kapena kufooka mbali imodzi ya thupi.
• Kutaya mphamvu mukuyenda, chizungulire.
• Mavuto a masomphenya: Kuona zinthu molakwika, kuona zinthu ziwiri, ndi zina zotero.
• Mavuto akumva: Kutaya kumva kapena kulira m'makutu (tinnitus).
• Kuvuta kulankhula kapena kumvetsetsa mawu.
• Kusanza ndi kusanza.
• Kusanza nkhope.

Chofunika kwambiri: Zizindikiro zambirizi zimatha kuchitikanso ndi matenda ena ofala, choncho musaope kuganiza kuti muli ndi chotupa cha muubongo chifukwa chakuti muli ndi chimodzi kapena ziwiri mwa izi.Komabe, ngati chimodzi mwa zizindikirozi chikupitirira, ndi bwino kusanyalanyaza ndipo ndithudi pitani kwa dokotala wanu kuti akakuwoneni.

Kodi mungazindikire bwanji matendawa? (Kuzindikira)

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zomwe zili pamwambapa, dokotala wanu angakuyezeni ndikukutumizani kuti mukayesedwe kangapo ngati akukayikira kuti muli ndi chotupa muubongo.

• Kuyezetsa Mitsempha: Apa, dokotala amafufuza zinthu monga momwe thupi lanu lilili, kumva, kuona, ndi mphamvu zanu zogwira ntchito.
• MRI ndi CT Scan: Njira yabwino kwambiri yodziwira khansa ya muubongo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) . Izi zingapangitse zithunzi zomveka bwino za ubongo. Nthawi zina CT (Computed Tomography) scan ingachitikenso.
• Biopsy: Iyi ndi njira yodziwira matenda yomwe imatsimikizira kuti ali ndi matendawa. Pachifukwa ichi, kachidutswa kakang'ono kwambiri ka minofu kamatengedwa kuchokera ku chotupacho, kaya mwa opaleshoni kapena kudzera mu kadulidwe kakang'ono, pogwiritsa ntchito singano, ndikuwunikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu. Njira yodziwira matendawa imatha kudziwa ngati chotupacho ndi 'choyipa' kapena 'choyipa', komanso mtundu wake.
• Kuyeza kwa Spinal Tap: Kuyeza kumeneku kumachitika ngati pali kukayikira kulikonse kuti chotupacho chafalikira ku cerebrospinal fluid (CSF ).

Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani?

Mmene khansa ya muubongo imachizidwira zimatengera zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo mtundu ndi kukula kwa khansayo, komwe ili muubongo, zaka za wodwalayo, komanso thanzi lake lonse.

Nazi zina mwa njira zazikulu zochizira:

1. Opaleshoni: Nthawi zambiri chithandizo choyamba chimakhala kuchotsa chotupacho opaleshoni. Dokotala wa opaleshoni ya mitsempha amayesa kuchotsa chotupacho mokwanira popanda kuwononga ubongo.

2. Chithandizo cha Radiation: Chithandizochi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zotupa zomwe sizingachotsedwe kwathunthu ndi opaleshoni, kapena kuwononga maselo a khansa omwe atsala pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Izi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwamphamvu kwambiri (monga X-ray) kuti kuwononge maselo a khansa.

3. Chemotherapy: Izi zimaphatikizapo kupereka mankhwala omwe amapha maselo a khansa kapena kuletsa kukula kwawo. Mankhwalawa angaperekedwe ngati jakisoni kapena mapiritsi.

4. Mankhwala Ena: Kuphatikiza apo, masiku ano pali njira zambiri zamakono monga Immunotherapy (yolimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi kuti chigonjetse khansa).

Pa zotupa zina 'zosavulaza', zazing'ono kwambiri, komanso zosawonetsa zizindikiro, dokotala angasankhe 'kudikira' popanda chithandizo chilichonse ndikuchita ma scan pafupipafupi.