Kodi mukudziwa za matenda a Monkey Fever kapena Kyasanur Forest?

Mungakhale munthu amene amakonda kuyenda ku India, makamaka ku nkhalango. Koma tikamapita ku maulendo otere, tiyeneranso kuganizira pang'ono za matenda osadziwika. Lero tikulankhula za matenda amodzi otere, omwe angakhale oopsa, makamaka m'nkhalango za boma la India la Karnataka. Matendawa amafalikira ndi nkhupakupa ndipo amadziwikanso kuti "nyani fever" pakati pa anthu.

Kodi matenda a Kaisanur Forest (KFD) ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, uwu ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo. Umatchedwa matenda a m'nkhalango ya Kaisanur, chifukwa unayamba kufotokozedwa kuchokera ku nkhalango yotchedwa Kaisanur m'boma la Karnataka, India. Uwu ndi matenda oyambitsidwa ndi magazi . Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati matendawa afika poipa kwambiri, angayambitse kutuluka magazi mkati ndi kunja kwa thupi ngakhale imfa.

Kachirombo kamene kamayambitsa izi ndi ka m'gulu la mavairasi otchedwa `Flaviviridae`. Mavairasiwa ali m'gulu la `arbovirus`. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kachilomboka kamafalikira kwambiri ndi nyama zazing'ono `(arthropods)` monga nkhupakupa ndi nsikidzi.

Taganizirani izi motere. Kachiromboka kamapezeka nthawi zambiri m'zinyama monga makoswe, mbewa, ndi anyani. Nkhuku ikayamwa magazi a imodzi mwa nyamazi, kachilomboka kamalowa m'thupi la nkhuku. Kenako, nkhuku ikaluma munthu, kachilomboka kamalowa m'thupi mwathu. Komanso, ngati mukhudza nyama ngati nyani yomwe ikudwala matendawa kapena yangomwalira kumene, mutha kutenga matendawa.

Ziweto zapakhomo monga ng'ombe, mbuzi, ndi nkhosa nazonso zitha kutenga kachilomboka. Komabe, sitingatenge matendawa mwachindunji kuchokera ku ziweto zimenezo. Komabe, titha kutenga matendawa kudzera m'matupi a ziweto zimenezo. Matendawa sangafalikire mwa kumwa mkaka wa ziweto zimenezo.

Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri m'boma la Karnataka ku India ndi m'maiko oyandikana nawo. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amapezeka kuyambira Januwale mpaka Meyi .

Kodi zizindikiro za matendawa ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro zimayamba masiku awiri mpaka asanu ndi awiri mutaluma nkhupakupa. Zizindikiro zoyamba ndi kuyamba mwadzidzidzi kutentha thupi kwambiri komanso kuzizira. Izi zitha kutsagana ndi mutu waukulu. Anthu ena amathanso kukhala ndi mantha owonera kuwala , kulephera kuyang'ana kuwala kowala .

Malungo amenewa amatha kukhala kwa masiku 12 kapena kuposerapo. Panthawiyi, mungakumanenso ndi zizindikiro izi:

• Kusanza ndi kutsegula m'mimba
• Chifuwa
• Ululu kumbuyo ndi miyendo
• Matuza amadzi pathupi
• Kufooka kwakukulu

Pakatha masiku atatu kapena anayi, chizindikiro china choopsa chingawonekere. Ndicho kutuluka magazi . Mungayambe kutuluka magazi m'kamwa ndi m'mphuno. Pamodzi ndi kusanzaKutuluka magazi kungachitike, kutsokomola magazi, ndipo magazi amathanso kufalikira m'chimbudzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale chakuda kapena chofiira. Kutuluka magazi m'mapapo kapena kutuluka magazi ambiri m'matumbo kungayambitse imfa.

Komabe, anthu ambiri amachira mkati mwa masiku 10 mpaka 14. Komabe, ngakhale panthawi yochira, pakhoza kukhala kugwedezeka kwa minofu, kumva kufooka, ndi kugwedezeka.

Gawo lachiwiri la matendawa

Anthu ena (pafupifupi 20%) angadwale matenda a biphasic. Izi zikutanthauza kuti malungo amatha kenako n’kubwereranso. Mu gawo lachiwirili , zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi mitsempha yamagazi zimakhala zofala kwambiri.

• Kugona tulo
• Kutaya kukumbukira
• Chizungulire
• Matenda a khunyu
• Kutaya chidziwitso `(kusadziwa)`

Kutuluka magazi kungachitikenso pa gawo lachiwiri ili. Vutoli limatenga masiku pafupifupi 12-14. Chiwerengero cha imfa chifukwa cha matendawa chili pakati pa 2% ndi 10%.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji matendawa molondola?

Popeza zizindikiro za matenda ambiri ofalitsidwa ndi nkhupakupa zimafanana, nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa. Komabe, ngati dokotala wanu akukayikira kuti matendawa ndi a KFD, pali mayeso angapo a labotale omwe angatsimikizire matendawa.

• Kuyesa kwa PCR: Kuzindikira zidutswa za majini a kachilomboka (Kuzindikira kwa mamolekyulu ndi polymerase chain reaction - PCR)).
• Kupatula mavairasi: Kupatula mavairasi m'magazi.
• Kuyesa kwa ma antibodies: Kuyesa kwa serologic pogwiritsa ntchito ELISA kumayang'ana ma antibodies m'magazi omwe apangidwa motsutsana ndi kachilomboka.

PCR ndi ELISA ndi mayeso omwe amapereka zotsatira mwachangu. Chifukwa chake, matendawa amatha kupezeka mwachangu ndipo chithandizo chimayamba. Mu matendawa, kupita kuchipatala msanga ndi chithandizo kungapulumutse miyoyo.

Kodi imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Mwatsoka, palibe mankhwala enieni oletsa mavairasi omwe apezeka a KFD , kotero chithandizo chimangokhala pa zizindikiro ndi chithandizo chothandizira.

Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani mankhwala ochepetsa malungo ndi ululu, komanso adzakuuzani kuti mumwe madzi ambiri kuti mupewe kutaya madzi m'thupi.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu amafunika kugonekedwa m'chipatala kuti akalandire chithandizo.

• Ngati madzi asungidwa m'thupi, amapatsidwa saline (madzi olowa m'mitsempha).
• Ngati kuthamanga kwa magazi kuli kotsika, amachiritsidwa.
• Ngati magazi atuluka kwambiri, magazi amaperekedwa.
• Kuchiza mavuto monga khunyu.

Kodi mungapewe bwanji matenda oopsawa?

Popeza palibe mankhwala enieni a izi, chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite ndikuletsa matendawa kuti asakule . Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zochitira izi: katemera ndi kuteteza ku nkhupakupa.

1. Katemera

Pali katemera woteteza ku matenda a KFD. Amapangidwa kuchokera ku kachilombo koyambitsa matenda. Pafupifupi 70% ya anthu omwe amalandira katemerayu amapanga ma antibodies omwe amatha kulimbana ndi matendawa.

2. Kupewa kuluma ndi nkhupakupa

Ichi ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri chomwe tingachite. Ngati mukupita kudera lomwe matendawa alipo, onetsetsani kuti mwachita izi kuti mudziteteze ku nkhupakupa.

Chiwopsezo chanu chotenga matenda a KFD chimadalira komwe mumayenda, nthawi, komanso zochita zomwe mumachita. Chigawo cha Western Ghats ku Karnataka, India, chili pachiwopsezo chachikulu, koma milanduyi ikunenedwanso m'maiko ozungulira Tamil Nadu, Goa, Kerala, ndi Maharashtra.