Kodi nthawi zina mwadzidzidzi mumayamba kuyabwa, khungu lanu limafiira ndipo mumatuluka ziphuphu? Kapena mwadzidzidzi mumamva kupweteka m'mimba ndipo mukufuna kusanza? Nthawi zina zinthuzi zimachitika mutagwiritsa ntchito mafuta onunkhira enaake, kapena mutadya chakudya china, ndipo nthawi zina zimatha kuchitika popanda chifukwa. Ngati simungapeze chifukwa cha izi, ndipo muli ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana nthawi zosiyanasiyana, n'zotheka kuti ndi chinthu china choposa kungokhala ndi ziwengo. Lero tikulankhula za vuto limodzi lotere, Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS).
Kodi Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS) ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, MCAS ndi vuto lomwe mtundu wa selo m'thupi lathu lotchedwa 'mast cells' umakhala wotanganidwa kwambiri komanso wosafunikira, ndikutulutsa mankhwala ambiri omwe ali nawo m'thupi.
Tsopano tiyeni tiwone zomwe ma cell a mast cell awa ali. Ganizirani za ma cell awa ngati alonda a chitetezo cha thupi. Ndi gawo la chitetezo chathu chamthupi. Ntchito yawo yayikulu ndikumenyana ndi matenda. Koma ziwengo zimayambitsidwanso ndi ma cell awa. Nthawi zambiri, chinthu chovulaza kwa ife, mwachitsanzo, chikalowa m'thupi, ma cell awa amayamba kugwira ntchito ndipo amatulutsa mankhwala otchedwa 'mediators'. Ma chemical awa ndi omwe amayambitsa ziwengo m'thupi lathu. Mwa munthu wathanzi, njirayi ndi yotiteteza.
Koma, mwa munthu amene ali ndi MCAS, maselo a mast awa ndi osavuta kuwazindikira . Amasangalala kwambiri ndi chinthu chaching'ono kwambiri ndipo amatulutsa mankhwala ambiri nthawi imodzi. Zili ngati kubweretsa gulu lonse lankhondo kuti ligwire wakuba wamng'ono. Mankhwala osafunikira awa ndi omwe amayambitsa zizindikiro zambiri zachilendo komanso zovutitsa zomwe tidakambirana kale.
Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa mast cell awa:
- Matenda
- Mankhwala ena
- Poizoni wochokera ku kulumidwa ndi tizilombo
- Zonunkhira
- Kupsinjika maganizo
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi
- Zakudya zina
- Kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha
Kodi MCAS ndi Mastocytosis ndi zinthu zosiyana?
Inde, musasokoneze awiriwa. Ngakhale kuti zinthu zonsezi zimakhudza maselo a mast, ndi zosiyana.
| Matenda | Mwachidule, chimachitika n’chiyani? |
|---|---|
| Mastocytosis | Chomwe chimachitika pamenepa n’chakuti thupi limapanga maselo ambiri a mast. Zili ngati kusonkhanitsa alonda ambiri. Maselo ochulukirapowa amasonkhana m’ziwalo monga khungu, chiwindi, ndi matumbo. Imeneyi ndi vuto losowa kwambiri. |
| Matenda Oyambitsa Maselo a Mast (MCAS) | Chomwe chimachitika pankhaniyi ndichakuti chiwerengero cha maselo a mast m'thupi ndi chabwinobwino, koma maselo omwe alipo amakhala otanganidwa kwambiri. Alonda omwe alipo amasangalala ndi chinthu chochepa kwambiri ndipo amatulutsa mankhwala. |
Kodi zifukwa za MCAS ndi ziti?
MCAS ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu atatu akuluakulu kutengera chifukwa chake.
1. MCAS Yoyamba: Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha vuto la maselo a mast okha. Nthawi zambiri, kusintha kwa majini ``(KIT)`` kumapangitsa kuti maselowa azichita zinthu molakwika. Mastocytosis ndiye vuto lalikulu la mtundu uwu.
2. MCAS yachiwiri: Izi zimachitika pamene maselo a mast akusonkhezeredwa ndi chifukwa china chakunja. Mwachitsanzo, izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha ziwengo zoopsa, matenda osatha, kapena matenda ena.
3. Idiopathic MCAS: "Idiopathic" amatanthauza "palibe chifukwa chomwe chingapezeke." Odwala ambiri a MCAS ali ndi mtundu uwu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti palibe chifukwa chenicheni chomwe maselo a mast awa akuchita zinthu molakwika. Zizindikiro zimatha kuwoneka pazinthu zatsopano nthawi iliyonse.
Kodi zizindikiro zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha MCAS ndi ziti?
Chimodzi mwa zovuta zazikulu ndi MCAS ndichakuti zizindikiro zake zimakhala zosiyanasiyana ndipo zimatha kukhudza ziwalo zingapo za thupi nthawi imodzi.
| Gulu la zizindikiro | Zizindikiro zomwe zimawoneka kawirikawiri |
|---|---|
| Khungu ndi makhalidwe onse | Kusamba, kuyabwa, ziphuphu/matuza, kutupa, thukuta kwambiri, kutopa kwanthawi yayitali, kupweteka kwa thupi. |
| Dongosolo la m'mimba | Kupweteka m'mimba, nseru, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, kudzimbidwa. |
| Matenda a mitsempha (Neurological) | Mutu, mavuto a kukumbukira ndi kusamala (Ubongo), chizungulire, kukomoka, nkhawa, kuvutika maganizo, kusowa tulo. |
| Mtima ndi dongosolo la kupuma | Kugunda kwa mtima mofulumira kapena kosasinthasintha (kugunda kwa mtima), kuvutika kupuma, kulimba pachifuwa. |
Chisamaliro chapadera: Anaphylactic Shock
Anaphylaxis ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri komanso oopsa kwambiri omwe angachitike kwa anthu omwe ali ndi MCAS. Uwu ndi matenda omwe amafunika chithandizo chamankhwala chadzidzidzi.
Zizindikiro za anaphylaxis:
- Kuvuta kupuma, kumva ngati pakhosi panu pachepa
- Kutupa kwa milomo, lilime, kapena nkhope
- Kugunda kwa mtima kumathamanga kwambiri.
- Kutsika mwadzidzidzi kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi
- Chizungulire chachikulu komanso kukomoka
- Kusanza ndi kutsegula m'mimba
- Kufiira mwadzidzidzi ndi ziphuphu thupi lonse
Ngati mukukumana ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro izi, musazengereze. Imbani ambulansi nthawi yomweyo kapena pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Padzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi.
Kodi ndingadziwe bwanji ngati ndili ndi MCAS?
Kuzindikira matenda a MCAS kungakhale kovuta chifukwa zizindikiro zake zimakhala zosiyanasiyana. Dokotala wanu nthawi zambiri amafufuza zinthu zitatu makamaka.
1. Zizindikiro: Kupezeka kwa zizindikiro zobwerezabwereza komanso zosatha zonga ziwengo m'thupi ziwiri kapena zingapo (monga khungu ndi matumbo).
2. Mayeso: Zitsanzo za magazi kapena mkodzo zomwe zatengedwa zizindikiro zikaonekera zimasonyeza kuchuluka kwa mankhwala monga ``tryptase'' ndi ``histamine'', omwe amatulutsidwa ndi maselo a mast.
3. Kuyankha kwa chithandizo: Zizindikiro zimachepa zikapatsidwa mankhwala omwe amaletsa ntchito ya maselo a mast cell, monga antihistamines.
Ngati zonse zitatuzi zakwaniritsidwa, dokotala angakayikire kuti ali ndi MCAS. Nthawi zina MCAS imayendera limodzi ndi vuto lotchedwa ``(POTS)`` - Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome. Apa ndi pamene kugunda kwa mtima kumawonjezeka modabwitsa munthu akaima.
Kodi chimachiritsidwa bwanji?
Palibe mankhwala a MCAS pakadali pano. Komabe, zizindikiro zimatha kulamulidwa bwino ndipo moyo wabwinobwino ukhoza kukwaniritsidwa. Chithandizo chili ndi zolinga ziwiri zazikulu.
1. Kupewa Zinthu Zoyambitsa Matenda: Chofunika kwambiri ndikupeza chomwe chimayambitsa zizindikiro zanu ndikuzipewa.
2. Kuletsa zizindikiro ndi mankhwala: Dokotala adzakupatsani mankhwala osiyanasiyana.
- Mankhwala oletsa kutsekula m'mimba a H1 ndi H2: Mankhwala monga Cetirizine, Loratadine, Famotidine.
- Mast Cell Stabilizers: Mankhwala omwe amaletsa kutulutsa mankhwala kuchokera ku mast cells.
- Mankhwala Oletsa Leukotriene: Mankhwala monga Montelukast.
- Pazidzidzidzi: Ngati pali chiopsezo cha anaphylaxis, madokotala amalangiza kuti nthawi zonse muzisunga chojambulira chokha (monga EpiPen) chokhala ndi `(epinephrine)` pafupi.
Zinthu zoti muganizire mukakhala ndi MCAS
Kukhala ndi MCAS kungakhale kovuta, koma mukayang'aniridwa bwino , mutha kukhala bwino ndi vutoli.
- Zakudya: Zakudya zina zingayambitse matenda a MCAS. Samalani kwambiri ndi zakudya zokhala ndi histamine yambiri (tchizi choviikidwa, nsomba zam'chitini, tomato, sipinachi, chokoleti). Ndi bwino kufunsa dokotala wanu ndikuonana ndi katswiri wa zakudya kuti akupatseni dongosolo loyenera la zakudya.
- Kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo: Kupsinjika maganizo ndi chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a MCAS. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti musamavutike maganizo. Zinthu monga kusinkhasinkha, yoga, ndi kuchita zinthu zomwe mumakonda zingathandize.
- Pezani chithandizo: Lankhulani ndi achibale ndi anzanu za vuto lanu. Zingakhalenso zothandiza kulowa nawo m'magulu othandizira anthu omwe akukumana ndi mavuto ofanana.
- Kulankhulana ndi dokotala wanu nthawi zonse: Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu nthawi zonse ndipo sinthani dongosolo lanu la chithandizo ngati pakufunika kutero.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS) si nkhani yongopeka chabe, koma ndi vuto lenileni lokhudzana ndi chitetezo cha mthupi.
- Zizindikiro zimatha kusiyana kwambiri kuchokera kwa munthu ndi munthu. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zomwe simungapeze chifukwa chake, pitani kwa dokotala.
- Kuzindikira ndi kupewa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro zanu ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la chithandizo.
- Anaphylaxis ndi vuto ladzidzidzi lomwe limafuna chithandizo chadzidzidzi. Dziwani zizindikiro zake.
- Ndi chithandizo choyenera komanso kusintha kwa moyo, MCAS ikhoza kulamulidwa bwino ndipo mutha kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino komanso wokangalika. Gwirani ntchito limodzi ndi dokotala wanu kuti muchite izi.
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