Kodi mwamvapo za "polio"? Mwina makolo anu, agogo anu, kapena agogo anu amanjenjemera pang'ono akamva dzinalo. Izi zili choncho chifukwa zaka makumi angapo zapitazo, polio inali matenda oopsa omwe adaopseza dziko lonse lapansi, adapha ana masauzande ambiri, komanso adapumitsa ena ambiri moyo wawo wonse. Koma lero? Masiku ano, sitilankhula zambiri za izo. Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi katemera wa polio. Koma kodi matendawa achotsedwadi padziko lonse lapansi? Tiyeni tikambirane za izo.
Mwachidule, kodi poliyo ndi chiyani?
Polio ndi chidule cha "Poliomyelitis." Imayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo. Kachiromboka kamafalikira mosavuta, makamaka pakati pa anthu omwe sanalandire katemera. Ngati munthu atenga polio, sangakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse, kapena akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi chimfine kapena chimfine.
Koma choopsa kwambiri n'chakuti anthu ochepa akhoza kudwala kwambiri chifukwa cha kachilomboka. Kangayambitse ziwalo zofewa , ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale imfa. Ngakhale kuti aliyense wa msinkhu uliwonse amene sanalandire katemera akhoza kudwala polio, ana osakwana zaka 5 ndi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
Nkhani yabwino kwambiri ndi yakuti kuyambira mu 1988, chiwerengero cha anthu odwala polio padziko lonse chatsika ndi oposa 99%. Ulemu wonse wa zimenezi umapita ku katemera wa polio.
Kodi pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya polio?
Inde, mikhalidwe yomwe imachitika kachilombo ka polio kakalowa m'thupi ndi yosiyana. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili. Kuti izi zikhale zosavuta kumvetsetsa, ndikukuwonetsani patebulo ngati ili.
| Mtundu wa poliyo | Kufotokozera ndi zinthu zazikulu |
|---|---|
| Polio Wochotsa Mimba | Uwu ndi mtundu wofatsa komanso wosaopsa kwambiri wa polio. Umamveka ngati chimfine kapena chimfine wamba. Zizindikiro monga malungo, mutu, kupweteka pakhosi, ndi kupweteka m'mimba zimatha kwa masiku angapo kenako zimatha. |
| Polio Wopanda Kufa | Izi ndi zovuta pang'ono kuposa zomwe zidachitika kale. Kuwonjezera pa zizindikiro monga malungo ndi mutu, pakhoza kukhala kuuma ndi kupweteka m'khosi ndi msana . Nthawi zina, matenda oopsa otchedwa meningitis, omwe ndi kutupa kwa nembanemba yozungulira ubongo, amathanso kuchitika. |
| Polio Wolumala | Iyi ndi gawo loopsa komanso loopsa kwambiri la polio. Kachilomboka kamaukira ubongo ndi msana, kufooketsa minofu yomwe imathandiza pa mkono, mwendo, komanso kupuma. Izi ndi zomwe zimayambitsa ziwalo . |
| Matenda a Post-polio | Imeneyi ndi vuto lachilendo kwambiri. Munthu amene ali ndi poliyo ali wachinyamata ndipo wachira bwino akhoza kubwereranso zizindikiro zake (makamaka kufooka kwa minofu) patatha zaka zambiri . Izi zimatchedwa post-polio syndrome. |
Kodi kachilombo ka polio kamafalikira bwanji kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina?
Kachilombo ka polio kamalowa m'thupi mwathu kudzera mkamwa . Kachilomboka kamakhala pakhosi ndi m'matumbo a wodwalayo. Chifukwa chake, pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zomwe kamafalikira:
- Kudzera m'ndowe: Kachiromboka kamatuluka m'ndowe za wodwala poliyo. Matendawa amatha kufalikira mwa kumwa madzi, kudya chakudya, kapena kuyika manja odetsedwa mkamwa omwe aipitsidwa ndi ndowezi. Iyi ndiyo njira yayikulu yomwe imafalikira pakati pa ana aang'ono.
- Kudzera mu kutsokomola ndi kuyetsemula: Matendawa amathanso kufalikira popuma madontho otuluka munthu wodwala akamatsokomola kapena kuyetsemula.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti ngakhale munthu atakhala kuti alibe zizindikiro, akhoza kufalitsabe polio kwa wina ngati ali ndi kachilomboka m'thupi mwake.
Kumbukirani: Mankhwala oyeretsera m'manja okhala ndi mowa sapha kachilombo ka polio. Chifukwa chake, kusamba m'manja bwino ndi sopo ndi madzi othamanga ndikofunikira kuti mudziteteze ku kachilomboka.
Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji matendawa?
Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi polio, dokotala wanu adzayamba kaye akuyesani mosamala. Kuti atsimikizire matendawa, nthawi zambiri amachita izi:
1. Kuyesa chitsanzo cha ndowe: Chitsanzo cha ndowe chimatengedwa ndikuyesedwa mu labotale kuti chione ngati pali kachilombo ka polio.
2. Kutenga chitsanzo cha pakhosi:Kachidutswa kakang'ono ka mankhwala oyeretsera pakhosi kamatengedwa ndikuyesedwa.
3. Kuboola M'chiuno: Nthawi zina, dokotala angafunike kuyika singano yaying'ono mumsana ndikutenga madzi ochepa a msana kuti ayesere.
Kodi pali mankhwala a polio?
Ichi ndi chowonadi chomvetsa chisoni chomwe tonsefe tiyenera kudziwa. Pakadali pano palibe mankhwala enieni a polio. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, palibe mankhwala ochotsera kachilomboka m'thupi.
Ndiye madokotala amachita chiyani? Amayesetsa kupangitsa wodwalayo kukhala womasuka komanso kuwongolera zotsatirapo za matendawa. Mankhwala a matendawa ndi awa:
- Mankhwala opha ululu (monga Ibuprofen)
- Zopumulitsa minofu
- Kupuma mokwanira ndi kumwa madzi
- Kulimbitsa minofu kudzera mu chithandizo cha thupi
- Ngati mukuvutika kupuma, gwiritsani ntchito chopumira mpweya kuti chikuthandizeni kupuma.
- Ngati munthu walumala, gwiritsani ntchito zothandizira kuyenda (zothandizira kuyenda, zida zogwirira ntchito pa njinga ya olumala)
Chishango chabwino kwambiri cholimbana ndi matenda oopsa awa - katemera wa polio!
Njira yabwino yodzitetezera ku matenda omwe alibe mankhwala ndikuwapewa asanayambe. Chida champhamvu kwambiri chomwe tili nacho polimbana ndi poliyo ndi katemera wa poliyo .
Chomwe katemerayu amachita ndikuphunzitsa matupi athu kupanga ma antibodies olimbana ndi kachilombo ka polio. Kenako, ngati kachilomboka kalowa m'thupi, matupi athu adzawononga.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya katemera wa polio:
- Katemera wa Poliovirus Wosagwira Ntchito (IPV): Uwu ndi katemera womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maiko ambiri, kuphatikizapo Sri Lanka. Umaperekedwa ngati jakisoni kudzera mu singano . Ndi wotetezeka kwambiri ndipo umapereka chitetezo cha 99% ngati mlingo wonse woperekedwa utengedwa.
- Katemera wa Polio Wokamwa (OPV): Uwu ndi katemera wa polio womwe unkaperekedwa kale m'dziko lathu. Ndiwothandiza kwambiri, koma ndi wosowa kwambiri, ndipo pali chiopsezo cha kufalikira kwa polio ndi katemerayu, kotero mayiko otukuka tsopano asintha kugwiritsa ntchito katemera wa IPV.
Ndondomeko ya katemera
Pansi pa Pulogalamu ya Katemera wa Dziko Lonse ku Sri Lanka, mwana aliyense amapatsidwa katemera wa polio kwaulere. Ndandanda yake ndi iyi:
- Ali ndi miyezi iwiri
- Ali ndi miyezi inayi
- Ali ndi miyezi 6
- Ali ndi miyezi 18
- Ali ndi zaka 5
Kodi mukufunika katemera mukakula?
Ngati mwalandira katemera onsewa muli mwana, mumakhalabe otetezedwa. Komabe, ngati mukupita kudziko lomwe poliyo ikadalipo (monga Pakistan, Afghanistan), lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kulandira mlingo wowonjezera (jakisoni wowonjezera).
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Polio ndi matenda oopsa omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo komwe kangayambitse ziwalo kapena imfa.
- Palibe mankhwala enieni omwe angachiritse matendawa. Chithandizocho chimangokhala chowongolera zizindikiro zake.
- Njira yabwino komanso yokhayo yodzitetezera ku poliyo ndikutenga katemera wa poliyo.
- Onetsetsani kuti mwana wanu walandira mlingo woyenera panthawi yoyenera. Uwu ndi udindo wanu.
- Kachilombo ka polio sikaphedwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, choncho ndikofunikira kwambiri kusamba m'manja bwino ndi sopo ndi madzi nthawi zonse.
- Ngati inu kapena wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi mafunso okhudza kulandira katemera, kambiranani momasuka ndi dokotala wa banja lanu.
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