Kodi munayamba mwaonapo kadontho kofiira-bulauni pa mwana wanu kapena pa thupi lanu? Mwina munangokhudza pang'ono kadonthoko ndi chala chanu, ndipo mwadzidzidzi kadonthoko kanasanduka kofiira, kanayamba kuyabwa, ndipo pamwamba pake panaoneka kachilonda kakang'ono. Ngati izi zikukudziwikani, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa za vutoli lomwe tikukamba lero.
Mwachidule, kodi Urticaria Pigmentosa ndi chiyani?
Urticaria Pigmentosa ndi mtundu wa ming'oma yomwe imapezeka pakhungu. Imapezeka kwambiri mwa ana aang'ono ndi achinyamata. Ndi mtundu wa vuto lotchedwa `mastocytosis'.
Tsopano mwina mukudabwa kuti `mastocytosis` ndi chiyani. N'zosavuta kwambiri. ``maselo a mast`` ndi mtundu wapadera wa selo mu chitetezo cha mthupi lathu. Ali ngati alonda a chitetezo cha thupi. Pazifukwa zina maselo a mast awa akamasonkhana mopitirira muyeso m'dera limodzi la khungu, timawatcha Urticaria Pigmentosa. Komabe, maselo a mast awa amatha kudziunjikira osati pakhungu lokha, komanso nthawi zina m'ziwalo zina monga mafupa ndi matumbo. Kenako zimakhala vuto lotchedwa ``systemic mastocytosis``. Koma musadandaule, nthawi zambiri, Urticaria Pigmentosa mwa ana imangokhala pakhungu.
Mu matendawa, khungu likaoneka ngati la bulauni, limakhala lofiira, lotupa, loyabwa, ndipo limakwera ngati kuti lagundidwa ndi galimoto. M'mawu azachipatala, chizindikiro ichi chimatchedwa "chizindikiro cha Darier."
N’chifukwa chiyani chinthu chonga ichi chimachitika?
Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi "mast cells" omwe tidakambirana kale. Awa ndi mtundu wa maselo oyera amagazi omwe amapangidwa m'mafupa athu. Maselo awa amapezeka m'thupi lathu lonse, makamaka komwe timakumana ndi dziko lakunja, monga khungu, mapapo, ndi matumbo. Chinthu chonga nyongolotsi chikalowa m'thupi, maselo a mast awa amatulutsa mankhwala otchedwa ``histamine`` kuti athandize kuteteza thupi.
Urticaria Pigmentosa imayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini komwe kumapangitsa kuti maselo a mast awa azisonkhana kwambiri pakhungu. Kusintha kwa majini kumeneku kumachitika mwana akadali m'mimba. Komabe, si chinthu chomwe chimabadwa kuchokera kwa makolo kupita kwa ana . Chifukwa chenicheni cha kusinthaku sichinapezekebe.
Ngati akuluakulu adwala matendawa, amatha kukhala oopsa pang'ono. Amatchedwa `indolent systemic mastocytosis`. Pankhaniyi, maselo a mast amasonkhana m'malo monga mafupa a m'mafupa kuwonjezera pa khungu. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amatha kukhala khansa yotchedwa `mast cell leukemia`. Koma kachiwiri, izi ndi zinthu zosowa kwambiri . 99% ya Urticaria Pigmentosa yomwe imapezeka mwa ana si yoopsa kwambiri.
Kodi zizindikiro za matendawa ndi ziti?
Chizindikiro chachikulu komanso chodziwikiratu kwambiri ndi `chizindikiro cha Darier' chomwe tidakambirana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mawanga a bulauni amakhala ofiira komanso oyabwa akapaka. Kuphatikiza apo, anthu ena amathanso kukumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi.
| Chizindikiro | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Kugunda kwa mtima | Kugunda kwa mtima kumawonjezeka ngati kuti mukumva mantha. |
| Kutsegula m'mimba (kupweteka m'mimba) | Zingayambitsidwe ndi kuyambitsidwa kwa mast cell mu dongosolo la kugaya chakudya. |
| Kutsuka | Kufiira kwadzidzidzi kwa nkhope ndi thupi lapamwamba. |
| Kuvuta kupuma (Kupuma movutikira) | Kutulutsa mawu akuti 'cheese-cheese' popuma, mofanana ndi anthu odwala mphumu. |
| Kukomoka | Kutaya chidziwitso chifukwa cha kutsika mwadzidzidzi kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi. |
| Mutu | Mutu. |
Odwala Urticaria Pigmentosa oposa 75% ndi ana osakwana zaka 10. Mwa ana ambiri, vutoli limakhala pakhungu lokha ndipo limakhala bwino akamakula.
Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji izi?
Nthawi zambiri, dokotala wanu amatha kuzindikira vutoli mosavuta poyang'ana mawanga pakhungu lanu ndikuwona chizindikiro cha Darier. Palibe mayeso ena ofunikira.
Komabe, ngati pali kukayikira kulikonse ngati vutoli silikukhudza khungu lokha komanso lakhudza ziwalo zina za thupi, dokotala angakulangizeni mayeso otsatirawa.
- Kuyezetsa magazi ('Kuchuluka kwa magazi'): Dziwani mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maselo m'magazi.
- Kuyesa kwa tryptase mu seramu: Kumafufuza ngati pali enzyme m'magazi yomwe imatulutsidwa ndi maselo a mast.
- Kusanthula kuchuluka kwa mafupa: Onani momwe mafupa anu alili olimba.
- Kuyesa kwa mafuta a m'mafupa: Kumafufuza ngati mafuta a m'mafupa akupanga maselo athanzi.
Njira zochizira matenda ndi momwe mungawathetsere
Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti kwa ana ambiri, Urticaria Pigmentosa imatha yokha akamakula . Palibe mankhwala enieni oletsa mawanga atsopano kuti asapangidwe. Mawanga omwe alipo angatenge zaka zambiri kuti azitha.
Bola vutolo limangokhudza khungu lokha, nthawi zambiri sipafunika chithandizo chachikulu. Dokotala wanu angakulangizeni izi kuti akuthandizeni kuthana ndi zizindikiro zanu:
- Mankhwala oletsa kuyabwa ndi kutupa: Mankhwala oletsa kuyabwa ndi kutupa.
- Mafuta a Corticosteroid: Pakani pamalo omwe akuyabwa.
- Cromolyn sodium: Mankhwala operekedwa pochiza zizindikiro monga kusanza ndi kutsegula m'mimba.
- EpiPen: Chipangizo chomwe chimaperekedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la ziwengo (anaphylactic reaction) kuti agwiritse ntchito pakagwa ngozi. Si aliyense amene amafunikira izi.
Zinthu zopewera makamaka
Chofunika kwambiri pa matendawa ndi kupewa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mawangawo ayamwe ndi kufiira.
| Mankhwala oti mupewe | Zinthu zina zoti mupewe |
|---|---|
| Aspirin | Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi (makamaka otopetsa) |
| Mowa | Kupukuta khungu mwamphamvu ndi matawulo |
| Mankhwala opha ululu monga morphine ndi codeine (`Opiates`) | Kusamba m'madzi otentha |
| Thiamine (Vitamini B1) | Zakumwa zotentha |
| Quinine (`Quinine` - mankhwala a malungo) | Kupsa kwambiri ndi dzuwa |
| Dextromethorphan (mankhwala a chifuwa) | Kukumana ndi kuzizira kwambiri |
| Mankhwala ena oletsa ululu ndi utoto wa X-ray | Zakudya zokometsera komanso zotentha |
Chofunika: Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu mukufunika kumwa mankhwala a matenda ena, onetsetsani kuti mwadziwitsa dokotala wanu za Urticaria Pigmentosa.
Kodi mavuto angachitike?
Kawirikawiri, vutoli limatha kupitirira kukhala `systemic mastocytosis`. Anthu oterewa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda oopsa otchedwa `anaphylactic shock`, omwe angakhale pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha moyo. Ngati mukumva zizindikiro monga kuvutika kupuma komanso kutaya chikumbumtima , muyenera kupita kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo .
Mavuto ena a mastocytosis ya systemic ndi awa:
- Kufooka kwa mafupa: Kufooka kwa mafupa.
- Cytopenia: Kuchepa kwa kupanga maselo a magazi m'thupi.
- Mavuto a chiwindi.
- Khansa (yosowa kwambiri).
Apanso, izi ndi zovuta zomwe sizichitika kawirikawiri. Sizichitika kawirikawiri kwa ana omwe ali ndi Urticaria Pigmentosa.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Urticaria Pigmentosa ndi matenda a pakhungu omwe amakhudza kwambiri ana. Si opatsirana kapena cholowa kuchokera kwa makolo.
- Chizindikiro chachikulu ndichakuti malo ofiirira akapakidwa, amakhala ofiira, otupa, komanso oyabwa ('chizindikiro cha Darier').
- Musachite mantha mosayenera, chifukwa vutoli lidzakhala bwino lokha kwa ana ambiri akamakula.
- Njira yabwino yothanirana ndi vutoli ndi kupewa zakudya, mankhwala, ndi zochita zomwe zimawonjezera zizindikiro.
- Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi zizindikiro izi, onetsetsani kuti mwawonana ndi dokotala kuti akupatseni chithandizo choyenera komanso upangiri wofunikira.
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