Matenda a ubongo oyambitsidwa ndi udzudzu: Tiyeni tiphunzire za matenda a Western Equine Encephalitis!

Monga anthu aku Sri Lanka, tikamaganizira za matenda ofalitsidwa ndi udzudzu, dengue imabwera nthawi yomweyo m'maganizo mwathu, sichoncho? Koma monga dengue, pali matenda ena padziko lapansi omwe amafalitsidwa ndi udzudzu, koma akhoza kukhala oopsa pang'ono, ndipo amakhudza ubongo. Lero tikambirana za matenda amodzi otere. Dzina lake ndi Western Equine Encephalitis. Ngakhale izi sizofala m'dziko lathu, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa zinthu zotere.

Kodi Western Equine Encephalitis ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amafalikira polumidwa ndi udzudzu. Kunena zoona, ndi matenda omwe ali m'gulu la "arbovirus". Ndiko kuti, ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amafalikira ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga udzudzu ndi utitiri. Kachirombo kamene kamayambitsa matendawa kamafanana kwambiri ndi mitundu ina iwiri yoopsa ya malungo aubongo, Eastern Equine Encephalitis ndi Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis viruses.

Matendawa amatha kukhudza anthu ndi akavalo . Matendawa amafalikira ndi udzudzu womwe uli ndi kachilomboka. Mtundu waukulu wa udzudzu womwe umayambitsa izi ndi `(Culex tarsalis)`. Komabe, mitundu ya udzudzu `(Aedes)` ndi `(Culiseta)`, zomwe zimadziwika kuti zimafalitsa dengue, zimathanso kufalitsa kachilomboka.

Kayendedwe kachilengedwe ka kachilomboka kamakhala pakati pa mbalame ndi udzudzu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, udzudzu umaluma mbalame yomwe ili ndi kachilomboka, kenako n’kuluma mbalame yathanzi ndikufalitsa matendawa. Anthu ndi akavalo ndi omwe amalandira matendawa mwangozi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, sititenga matendawa mwachindunji kuchokera kwa mbalame. Komabe, nthawi zambiri, matendawa amatha kufalikira kuchokera kwa mayi wapakati kupita kwa mwana wake kudzera mu placenta. Uwu si matenda opuma.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu?

• Ngati mukukhala m'dera lomwe matendawa ndi ofala kwambiri (makamaka mayiko akumadzulo ndi pakati pa United States).
• Ngati mukupita kudera ngati limenelo.
• Ngati mumakhala nthawi yambiri panja.

Kodi zizindikiro za matendawa ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimayamba kuonekera pakati pa masiku 5 ndi 15 udzudzu womwe uli ndi kachilomboka utaluma. Poyamba zizindikirozo zimafanana ndi za chimfine.

Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro zofalazi zimatha ndipo matendawa amachiritsidwa. Komabe, nthawi zina vutoli likhoza kukhala lalikulu kwambiri. Tangoganizirani, chingachitike n’chiyani ngati kachilomboka kafalikira mofulumira m’magazi mwathu, kudutsa chotchinga chachilengedwe chomwe chimateteza ubongo (chotchinga cha magazi ndi ubongo) ndikulowa mu ubongo weniweniwo?

Pamene dongosolo la mitsempha lakhudzidwa motere, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zingachitike:

• Chizungulire
• Kulephera kuyang'ana kuwala kowala (photophobia)
• Matenda amisala ndi khalidwe losokoneza
• Kugona tulo topitirira muyeso
• Kutaya chidziwitso chonse (coma)
• Kuuma kwa minofu ndi kupweteka kwa minofu (spasticity)
• Kugwidwa ndi khunyu
• Zotsatirapo za nthawi yayitali monga mavuto a kuphunzira

Ana aang'ono ndi okalamba ndi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha mavuto amitsempha awa. Chiwerengero cha imfa kuchokera ku matendawa chili pakati pa 3% ndi 7%. Kuphatikiza apo, pakati pa 15% ndi 30% ya omwe achira matendawa amatha kudwala matenda amitsempha kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kodi matendawa amapezeka bwanji ndipo amachiritsidwa bwanji?

Ngati mwapita kudera lomwe matendawa ndi ofala kwambiri ndipo mukupeza zizindikiro zomwe zili pamwambapa, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo . Zizindikiro za matendawa zimafanana ndi mitundu ina ya meningitis yoyambitsidwa ndi kachilomboka, kotero kuzindikira matendawa kungakhale kovuta pang'ono.

Ngati dokotala akukayikira kuti mitsempha yanu yakhudzidwa, mungagonekedwe m'chipatala ndikuyesedwa kangapo.

• Kuboola m'chiuno: Kufufuza madzi mu ubongo ndi msana (CSF).
• Kujambula kwa CT ndi mayeso.
• Kujambula kwa MRI ndi mayeso.
• Mayeso a antibodies: Ngakhale kuti izi zingatsimikizire matendawa motsimikiza, zingatenge milungu ingapo kuti mupeze zotsatira.

Palibe mankhwala enieni oletsa mavairasi a matendawa pakadali pano. Chifukwa chake, chithandizo ndi chothandiza . Izi zikutanthauza kuti, madokotala amapereka mankhwala oletsa zizindikiro monga malungo ndi ululu. Ngati mitsempha yakhudzidwa kwambiri, chithandizo mu chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU) chingakhale chofunikira. Izi zikuphatikizapo mpweya wabwino wamakina, kuwongolera khunyu, kusunga madzi m'thupi, komanso kuwongolera zinthu zoopsa kwambiri monga kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mutu.

Kodi mungadziteteze bwanji ku matendawa?

Pali katemera wabwino woteteza akavalo ku matendawa. Ngakhale kuti katemera wapangidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ndi anthu, sapezeka kwambiri kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito kuchipatala. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kokha kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu, monga ogwira ntchito m'ma laboratories.