Tiuzeni za kuchuluka kwa ma platelet anu? Kusiyana ndi zinthu zina zoti mudziwe

Kodi munayamba mwawonapo mtengo wotchedwa 'PLT' mukamawona lipoti la Full Blood Count? Kapena munayamba mwavulalapo pang'ono komwe kumayambitsa kuvulala kwakukulu, kapena kutuluka magazi m'kamwa mukamatsuka mano anu? Zonsezi zitha kukhala zokhudzana ndi gulu laling'ono la maselo m'magazi anu otchedwa ma platelet. Amatchedwanso ma thrombocyte. Chifukwa chake, lero tikambirana za ma platelet awa ndi chiyani komanso zomwe zimachitika akatsika kwambiri.

Ndiye, kodi ma platelet awa ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, ma platelet ndi maselo ang'onoang'ono m'magazi athu omwe amapangidwa mu fupa lathu. Ntchito yawo yayikulu ndikuletsa kutuluka magazi tikavulala. Taganizirani momwe magazi anu amasiya pakapita kanthawi kochepa mukadula dzanja lanu. Panthawiyo, ma platelet awa amabwera ngati ngwazi, amasonkhana kuti apange magazi oundana, ndikutseka bala. Zili ngati gulu la akatswiri ang'onoang'ono omwe akuthamanga kukakonza chitoliro chosweka.

Kodi Kuchuluka kwa Ma Platelet Kumayesedwa Bwanji?

Kuchuluka kwa ma platelet kumayesedwa ndi mayeso a magazi achizolowezi. Izi zimayesedwa mu mayeso a Complete Blood Count (CBC) omwe timachita nthawi zonse. Izi zitha kuwona kuchuluka kwa ma platelet m'magazi limodzi ndi maselo oyera amagazi ndi maselo ofiira amagazi.

Tiyeni tiwone kuchuluka kwa ma platelet m'magazi a munthu wathanzi kuyenera kukhala kotani.

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Tiyeni tikambirane za kuchuluka kwa ma platelet otsika (Thrombocytopenia)

Ngati kuchuluka kwa ma platelet m'magazi anu kuli kochepera 150,000, madokotala amatcha vutoli kuti thrombocytopenia. Izi zimachitika ngati mulibe ma platelet okwanira kuti asiye kutuluka magazi mukavulala.

Kodi zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?

Nthawi zina, kuchepa pang'ono kwa ma platelet sikungayambitse zizindikiro zilizonse. Komabe, chiwerengerocho chikatsika kwambiri, mungazindikire zinthu monga:

• Ziphuphu mosavuta: Ngakhale chiphuphu chochepa chingayambitse mabala akuluakulu abuluu/ofiirira.
• Kutuluka magazi komwe kumakhala kovuta kuletsa: Kutuluka magazi m'kamwa mukamatsuka mano, kutuluka magazi m'mphuno pafupipafupi, kutuluka magazi kwa nthawi yayitali ngakhale kuchokera pachilonda chaching'ono.
• Kutuluka magazi mkati: Magazi mu mkodzo, magazi mu ndowe ikhoza kukhala yakuda), magazi mu kusanza (angawoneke ngati khofi wophikidwa).
• Madontho ofiira pakhungu: Madontho ang'onoang'ono, ofiira, komanso athyathyathya (petechiae) omwe amayamba chifukwa cha magazi omwe amatuluka m'mitsempha yamagazi pansi pa khungu.
• Madontho ofiirira pakhungu: Madontho akuluakulu ofiirira, ofiira, achikasu ofiirira (Purpura) omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kutuluka magazi pansi pa khungu.
• Kutopa kwambiri ndi kufooka.
• Kutuluka magazi ambiri panthawi ya msambo mwa akazi.
• Kutupa kwa ndulu kapena chiwindi.

Chofunika: Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, ndi bwino kuonana ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo ndikupempha upangiri mwamsanga.

N’chifukwa chiyani ma platelet amachepa?

Pali zifukwa zitatu zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma platelet akhale ochepa:

1. Mafupa sapanga ma platelet okwanira.

2. Kuonongeka mwachangu kapena kugwiritsa ntchito ma platelet ndi thupi.

3. Nkhungu imasunga ma platelet ndipo simawatulutsa akafunika kutero.

Izi ndi zina mwa matenda ndi zifukwa zomwe zingayambitse matendawa:

• Matenda a m'mafupa: Matenda osowa monga Aplastic Anemia, khansa ya m'magazi monga Leukemia kapena Lymphoma.
• Mankhwala a khansa: Mankhwala a chemotherapy ndi radiation amatha kuwononga mafupa.
• Kusowa kwa mavitamini: Pamene vitamini B12 ndi folate zili zochepa, zimakhala zovuta kuti mafuta a m'mafupa apange ma platelet.
• Matenda a Autoimmune: Mu matenda monga Lupus ndi Rheumatoid Arthritis, chitetezo cha mthupi chimaukira ndikuwononga ma platelet ake molakwika.
• Matenda: Matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi monga HIV, Hepatitis C, ndi matenda ena a bakiteriya.
• Mankhwala ena:Mankhwala ena, monga Heparin ndi Quinine, angayambitse kuwonongeka kwa ma platelet.
• Matenda monga cirrhosis ya chiwindi: Izi zingayambitse kutupa kwa ndulu ndi ma platelet kuti atsekedwe mkati mwake.
• Kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso.
• Maopaleshoni ena akuluakulu: Mwachitsanzo, opaleshoni ya mtima.

Tiyeni tiphunzirenso za kuchuluka kwa ma platelet (Thrombocythemia/Thrombocytosis)

Kuchuluka kwa ma platelet opitilira 450,000 ndi vuto linanso. Izi zingayambitse kupanga magazi oundana osafunikira . Magazi oundanawa amatha kutsekeka m'mitsempha yamagazi ndikuyambitsa matenda oopsa monga matenda a mtima, sitiroko, ndi pulmonary embolism.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya vutoli:

• Matenda a Thrombocythemia Oyambirira: Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kupanga kwa ma platelet kosazolowereka m'mafupa. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini.
• Thrombocytosis Yachiwiri: Iyi ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa thrombocytosis, pomwe mafuta am'mafupa amalimbikitsidwa kupanga ma platelet ambiri chifukwa cha matenda ena (monga matenda, kusowa kwa chitsulo).

Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimaonekera kwambiri pa gawo loyamba. Zitsanzo zake ndi izi:

• Kufiira, kutentha, ndi dzanzi m'manja ndi m'mapazi.
• Kupweteka pachifuwa.
• Mutu, chizungulire, kufooka.
• Kusintha kwa masomphenya.
• Kutuluka magazi (ngakhale kuti pali ma platelet ambiri, nthawi zina sagwira ntchito bwino).

Kodi mungachite chiyani ngati ma platelet ali otsika?

Chithandizo cha ma platelet otsika chimadalira chomwe chimayambitsa komanso kuopsa kwa zizindikiro. Dokotala wanu ndiye adzasankha chithandizo chabwino kwambiri.

• Kuchiza chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli: Ngati mankhwala akuyambitsa kuchepa kwa ma platelet m'magazi, mankhwalawa akhoza kuyimitsidwa ndipo ena akhoza kuperekedwa. Ngati pali kusowa kwa ayoni kapena mavitamini, mankhwala owonjezera angaperekedwe.
• Mankhwala: Mankhwala monga Corticosteroids (monga Prednisone) owonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma platelet, mankhwala monga Elthrombopag ndi Romiplostim owonjezera kupanga ma platelet m'mafupa, ndi mankhwala monga Immunoglobulin oletsa thupi kuwononga ma platelet angaperekedwe.
• Kuika magazi kapena ma platelet: Ngati pali kutuluka magazi kapena ngati kuchuluka kwa ma platelet kuli kochepa kwambiri, kuikidwa magazi kwakunja kwa ma platelet kungachitike.
• Kuchotsa splenectomy: Ngati njira zina zothandizira sizikuyenda bwino ndipo splen ikuwononga ma platelet, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti muchotse splen opaleshoni .

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti zonsezi zichitike motsatira malangizo a dokotala. Musachite mantha ndikuchita chilichonse chomwe chingakupangitseni kugwidwa chifukwa chakuti phindu la lipotilo lasintha. Nthawi zonse lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu.