Ese nawe ufite ikibazo cyo kunywa amata? Reka twige byose ku bijyanye n'allergie y'amata!

Amata ni ikintu twese tunywa kuva mu bwana bwacu. Ariko hari abantu bashobora kugira ibibazo bitandukanye iyo banywa aya mata. Wenda wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mukumva ikintu kidasanzwe iyo munywa amata. Muri ibyo bihe, ikintu kimwe kiza mu mutwe ni ukumenya niba ari "allergie y'amata" cyangwa `(Allergie y'amata)`. None rero uyu munsi, reka tubiganireho mu buryo burambuye kandi bworoshye.

Mu by'ukuri, allergie y'amata ni iki?

Mu magambo make, allergie y'amata ni igihe ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe (uburyo bukingira umubiri wawe indwara) bugira ingaruka kuri poroteyine zimwe na zimwe zo mu mata. Butekereza ko ari ubwandu. Ibi akenshi biterwa n'amata y'inka. Ariko, ubundi bwoko bw'amata, nk'amata y'ihene n'amata y'intama, nabwo bushobora gutera allergie. Ariko hari ikindi kintu ugomba kumenya. Si ibibazo byose bifitanye isano n'amata ari "Allergie y'amata." Hari ibindi bintu bibiri:

• Kutabasha kwihanganira poroteyine zo mu mata ni indwara igaragara ku bana bato.
• Kudakira Lactose ni indwara igaragara ku bana bakuze ndetse n'abantu bakuru badashobora gusya lactose, ubwoko bw'isukari iboneka mu mata.

Tuzabivugaho birambuye nyuma. Kugeza ubu, ibuka ko "Allergie y'amata" nyakuri rimwe na rimwe ishobora kuba iteje akaga cyane . Niba ugize ibimenyetso bikomeye, nko kugorwa no guhumeka, ugomba guhita ugana ibitaro biri hafi yawe.

Ni nde ushobora kugira iyi allergie y'amata?

Ibi bishobora kuba ku muntu uwo ari we wese w’imyaka iyo ari yo yose, ariko bikunze kugaragara ku bana bari munsi y’imyaka 16. Inkuru nziza ni uko abana benshi bafite ubwo bwoko bw’allergie y’amata bakura uko bagenda bakura. Ku bana bafite ikibazo cyavuzwe haruguru cyo "kwihanganira poroteyine y’amata", hafi ya yose irashira. Ubu bwiyongere bw’amata bushobora kuba ku bana bonsa amata ndetse no ku bana bonsa.

Ibi ni ibisanzwe gute?

Mu by’ukuri, ubwivumbure bw’amata bukunze kugaragara. Urugero, muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, bivugwa ko abana bagera kuri 2 kuri 100 bafite iyi ndwara.

Ni iki kibaho ku mubiri wawe iyo ufite allergie y'amata?

Niba ufite allergie y'amata, umubiri wawe uzagira allergie iyo unyoye amata. Uku niko bikora: Iyo unyoye amata bwa mbere, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe bukora ubwoko bwihariye bwa antibody yitwa Immunoglobulin E, cyangwa IgE. Izi antibody za IgE zimeze nk'udukoko duto. Zijya zifata uturemangingo twa mast mu ruhu rwacu, mu nzira z'ubuhumekero, no mu mitsi. Hanyuma, iyo wongeye kunywa amata, poroteyine ziri mu mata zihura n'izi IgE, bigatuma uturemangingo twa mast dusohora ikinyabutabire cyitwa Histamine. Ibi nibyo bitera ibimenyetso by'allergie (nk'ubushye n'imitsi).Izi `(IgE)` zishobora kubaho vuba cyane, ukimara kunywa amata. Hari igihe ibi bishobora kuvamo indwara ikomeye cyane, ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga yitwa `(Anaphylaxis).`

Anaphylaxis ni ubwivumbure bukomeye bushobora kwica iyo budavuwe ako kanya. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa kwitonda cyane kuri ibi.

Hari izindi ngaruka ku mata, zidaterwa n’izi antibodies za `(IgE)`. Ziza nyuma gato, rimwe na rimwe bishobora gufata amasaha 48 kugira ngo ibimenyetso bigaragare. Amata ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru y’izi ngaruka za `non-IgE` ku bana bato. Ariko, izi `non-IgE` ntabwo akenshi ziba zishyira ubuzima mu kaga. Urugero ni ``Kwihanganira poroteyine z’amata`` zavuzwe haruguru.

Kuki abantu bahita bagira ubwivumbure ku mata?

Iki ni ikintu abaganga n'abashakashatsi batarabasha gusobanukirwa neza. Hari abantu bashobora kugira ubwivumbure mu buryo butunguranye ku mata.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'uburwayi bw'amata?

Ibimenyetso by'ubwivumbure bw'amata akenshi bitangira mu minota mike umuntu anyoye amata. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umuntu, kandi bishobora kuba byoroshye cyane kuri bamwe, mu gihe ibindi bishobora kuba bikomeye. Ibimenyetso bisanzwe kandi bidakabije birimo:

• Uduheri ku ruhu, nk'ibyerekeye eczema (`Hives`)
• Isesemi cyangwa kuruka
• Kubabara mu nda
• Impiswi (kuruka)
• Uduheri ku ruhu ni impinduka mu ruhu.
• Kuryarya
• Kubyimba iminwa, ururimi, cyangwa umuhogo bitewe n'ibinure cyangwa ububabare

Ibimenyetso bikomeye (niba ufite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi, jya kwa muganga vuba!):

• Gufungana mu gituza, gufungana
• Kugorwa no guhumeka (Dyspnea)
• Guhumeka nabi
• Kugorwa no kumira (Dysphagia)
• Uruhu rukabije (`Contact dermatitis`)
• Guhumeka (gucuranga)
• Kuzungera
• Kugabanuka gutunguranye k'umuvuduko w'amaraso (Hypotension)
• Syncope
• Indwara ya `(Anaphylaxis)` yavuzwe haruguru

Kuki tugira ubwivumbure ku mata? Ni iyihe mpamvu?

Niba ufite ubwivumbure mu mata, ni ukubera ko hari ubwoko bubiri bwa poroteyine mu mata. Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe bukunze kwanga cyane izi poroteyine. Izi poroteyine ebyiri ni izi: 1. Casein:Iyi ni poroteyine nyamukuru ikora ibirungo iyo amata avanze. Iboneka kandi muri foromaje na yawurute. Igize 80% bya poroteyine iri mu mata. Iyi `(Casein)` ni yo ituma amata aba umweru. 2. `Whey`: Iyi ni poroteyine iva mu gice cy'amazi cy'amata iyo avanze. Igize hafi 20% bya poroteyine iri mu mata. Ushobora kugira allergie kuri imwe muri izi poroteyine cyangwa zombi.

Ese allergie y'amata yandura?

Oya. Allergie y'amata ntabwo yandurira . Ntushobora kuyanduza undi muntu.

Wamenya ute neza ko ufite ubwivumbure ku mata?

Niba ubonye kimwe mu bimenyetso byavuzwe haruguru iyo unywa amata, ugomba kujya kwa muganga . Ashobora kukwohereza kwa muganga w’indwara ziterwa n’ubwivumbure. Umuganga w’indwara ziterwa n’ubwivumbure ashobora gukora ibizamini bitandukanye kugira ngo amenye niba koko ufite ubwivumbure mu mata. Mbere yo gukora ibizamini, muganga wawe ashobora kukubaza ibibazo nk'ibi:

• Hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite allergie y'amata cyangwa indi allergie y'ibiryo?
• Ese hari umuganga wigeze akubwira ko ufite allergie y'ibiryo?
• Ni ibihe bimenyetso uri kubona?
• Ese hari umuti uturuka muri farumasi ukoresha kuri ibyo?
• Ibimenyetso bitangira kugaragara ryari?
• Ese ubika ikaye y'ibyo urya n'ibyo unywa?

Ni ibihe bipimo bikoreshwa mu gusuzuma ubwivumbure bw'amata?

Bitewe n'ibimenyetso byawe, umuganga w'indwara z'ubwivumbure ashobora gukora kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bikurikira: 1. Ikizamini cy'amaraso: Ibi bikubiyemo gufata icyitegererezo gito cy'amaraso mu mitsi iri mu kuboko kwawe. Icyitegererezo cy'amaraso cyoherezwa muri laboratwari, aho kivangwa na poroteyine z'amata kugira ngo barebe ingano y'umusemburo wa '(IgE)' uri mu maraso yawe. Ibisubizo bishobora gufata icyumweru kugira ngo bigaruke. 2. Ikizamini cyo gutobora uruhu (cyangwa 'ikizamini cyo gushishura'): Ibi bikubiyemo gushyira poroteyine nke y'amata ku ruhu rwawe. Ubwa mbere, muganga azasukura agace gato k'uruhu rwawe ku kuboko kwawe cyangwa ku mugongo akoresheje ikintu nk'inzoga. Hanyuma, urushinge rwiza cyane ('lancet') ruzatobora uruhu aho hari igitonyanga cya poroteyine y'amata. Uru si urushinge rwinshi, uzumva gusa urimo gushya, kandi nta kuva amaraso kuzabaho. Abaganga bamwe babikora mu buryo butandukanye. Igitonyanga cya poroteyine y'amata gishyirwa ku ruhu hanyuma uruhu rugasigwa buhoro. Hanyuma umuti ushyirwa ku ruhu. Uretse izi poroteyine zo mu mata, hari ibindi bintu bibiri bigenzura uruhu (ibipimo byiza n'ibipimo bibi) bishyirwa ku ruhu. Uku ni ko bigereranywa. Nyuma yo gutegereza iminota 15, uruhu rugenzurwa niba nta gutukura, kubyimba, cyangwa gukomereka, kandi ibisubizo bigaragazwa hakoreshejwe icyuma gipima. Iki kizamini ntigifata isaha irenga. 3. Ikizamini cy'ikibazo cy'ibiribwa (``Ikizamini cyo mu kanwa cyashyizwe mu byiciro`` cyangwa `Ikizamini cy'ibiribwa``): Emeza neza niba hari allergie y'amataHari igihe iki kizamini kiba ari ngombwa. Ibi bishobora kuba ngombwa, cyane cyane niba ibimenyetso byawe, amateka yawe, n'ibindi bisubizo by'ibizamini bitajyanye. Ibi bikubiyemo kuguha amata make yo kunywa uyobowe na muganga. Hanyuma, bategereza kugira ngo barebe niba hari icyo wakoze. Ongera buhoro buhoro ingano y'amata ubaha hanyuma urebe uko umubiri wawe witwara. Iki kizamini gishobora gufata amasaha ane. Ntukagerageze kubikora uri wenyine mu rugo!

Ni gute ubwivumbure bw'amata buvurwa?

Niba ufite ubwivumbure bw'amata, uburyo bwonyine bwo kwirinda ubwivumbure ni ukwirinda burundu amata n'ibikomoka ku mata. Muri Sri Lanka, ni ngombwa gushyira ibintu bishobora gutera ubwivumbure ku birango by'ibiribwa. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa gusoma icyapa cya buri paki y'ibiribwa uguze mu iduka. Ikindi kintu ni uko bimwe mu bicuruzwa bidafite amata bishobora gukorwa mu bigo bimwe bikora ibikomoka ku mata. Kubwibyo, menya ibyapa nka "Byakorewe mu kigo gitunganya amata." Kubera ko abana benshi bakura barenga iyi ubwivumbure bw'amata uko bagenda bakura, ubuvuzi bw'igihe kirekire ntibukunze kuba ngombwa. Ariko, niba umwana wawe asa n'utarimo gukura, ushobora kuvugana n'"Umuganga w'indwara z'ubwivumbure" mugaganira ku buryo bwo kugabanya ubwivumbure bw'ibiryo nka "Oral Immunotherapy (OIT)".

Niba ufite allergie y'amata, ni ibihe biribwa ugomba kwirinda?

Niba ufite allergie y'amata, ugomba kwirinda ibi bintu:

• Amata (ubwoko bwose, afunze neza, yumye, yahinduwe umwuka, afu)
• Amata aturuka ku zindi nyamaswa (ihene, intama)
• Amavuta, amavuta y'amavuta, uburyohe bw'amavuta y'ubukorano
• Amata y'amata
• Foromaje (ubwoko bwose)
• foromaje y'akazuyazi, amata y'amavuta
• Kastadi, pudingi, yawurute
• Ghee (Ghee)
• Amavuta asharira

Ariko, abantu benshi bafite ubwivumbure bw'amata bashobora kurya ibiryo byokeje byakozwe mu mata (urugero: muffins, keke). Ariko, banza uganire na muganga mbere yo kugerageza ikintu nk'icyo. Ni gake cyane abantu bafite ubwivumbure bw'amata bashobora kugira ubwivumbure bw'amata ku nyama z'inka.

Nabona nte vitamine n'intungamubiri ntanyoye amata?

Ku bantu benshi, amata n'ibikomoka ku mata ni isoko ikomeye y'intungamubiri z'ingenzi nka vitamine D na kalisiyumu. Niba rero ufite allergie y'amata, ni ngombwa gushyira mu ndyo yawe ibindi biribwa bikungahaye kuri izi ntungamubiri (nk'epinari na broccoli). Ni byiza kuvugana n'inzobere mu mirire. Ashobora kugufasha kugira indyo yuzuye kandi iboneye.

Ni iyihe miti ikoreshwa mu kuvura allergie y'amata?

Niba ufite ubwivumbure bukomeye mu mashereka, muganga ashobora kukwandikira umuti winjiza epinephrine (EpiPen®).Ibi bishobora kugenzura vuba ibimenyetso bya `(Anaphylaxis)`. Muganga wawe azagusobanurira uburyo n'igihe cyo kubikoresha. Ugomba kugumana iyi `(EpiPen®)` igihe cyose. Abantu badashobora kwihanganira amata (`Kudakira amata`) cyangwa abafite `allergie yo mu mata itari IgE` ntibakeneye iyi epinephrine.

Ese hari ingaruka mbi ziterwa no guterwa epinephrine?

Ingaruka mbi nke zishobora kubaho nyuma yo guterwa inshinge za epinephrine zirimo:

• Guhangayika, kubura amahoro
• Kuzungera
• Umunwa wumye
• Umutwe
• Ibyuya byiyongera
• Isesemi no kuruka
• Umunaniro

Ibi bimenyetso akenshi ntibiba bikomeye kandi bishira vuba.

Nzakira vuba gute nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Urushinge rwa epinephrine rutangira gukora ako kanya nyuma yo kuruterwa.

Ese allergie y'amata ishobora kwirindwa?

Uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda allergy y'amata ni ukuvana amata mu mirire yawe burundu. Soma icyapa cy'ibikubiye ku biribwa byose bipfunyitse. Niba utazi neza niba ibiryo birimo amata, ntukabirye kugeza igihe ubizi neza. Kwerekana hakiri kare abana bato ibintu bikunze gutera allergy mu biribwa bishobora gufasha gukumira allergy zimwe na zimwe mu biribwa. Ariko , baza muganga w'abana igihe cyo gutangira guha umwana wawe ibiryo birimo amata y'inka. Nta buryo bwo gukumira allergy y'amata "yo kutamera neza amata" cyangwa "yo kudakoresha IgE".

Ni iki wakwitega niba ufite allergie y'amata?

Kubana n'uburwayi bw'amata, cyangwa kwita ku mwana ufite uburwayi bw'amata, bishobora kugorana. Ibimenyetso bishobora kuva ku byoroheje kugeza ku bikomeye, kandi ntushobora kumenya uko umubiri wawe uzabyitwaramo. Ntushobora gutekereza ko niba waragize uburwayi bworoheje bwo gukama amata ubutaha uzayarya, bizaba ari bimwe ubutaha - bishobora kuba bikomeye. Niba warigeze kugira uburwayi bukomeye mu bihe byashize, uri mu kaga ko kongera kugira uburwayi bukomeye. Ariko, iyo witonze, wowe n'umwana wawe mushobora kubaho ubuzima bwiza kandi busanzwe. Abaganga bashobora kukwerekeza ku bakozi, amatsinda y'ubufasha, n'inzobere mu by'imirire bashobora kugufasha muri ibi. Ubwivumbure bw'amata bushobora kugabanuka uko igogora ry'abana bato n'impinja rikura. Umwana wawe agomba kujya kwa muganga w'indwara z'ubwivumbure buri mwaka kugira ngo arebe ko zitazashira. Hari uburyo bwo kuvura abantu bamwe na bamwe.

Ni gute nakwiyitaho/kwita ku mwana wanjye mu gihe mfite allergie y'amata?

Niba ufite allergie y'amata, izi nama zishobora kugufasha:

• Buri gihe ujye umenya ibyo urya n'ibyo unywa.Soma icyapa mbere yo kurya ibiryo, kandi nubwo waba warigeze kurya ibiryo bimwe mbere ariko nta kintu cyabaye, ongera urebe icyapa. Hari igihe abakora ibiryo bahindura uburyo bwo guteka bakongeramo amata.
• Niba umwana wawe afite ubwivumbure bw'amata, mwigishe kutagura ibiryo ku nshuti ze cyangwa ku banyeshuri bagenzi be.
• Mu gihe ugiye kurya hanze, bwira umukozi ko ufite aleriji y'amata. Saba ibisobanuro birambuye ku bintu biri mu masahani n'uko ategurwa.
• Ambara umukandara wo kwa muganga cyangwa witwaze ikarita iriho amakuru yerekeye ubwivumbure bw'amata yawe.
• Andika amakuru arambuye yerekeye ubwivumbure bw'ibiribwa byawe mu "buryo bwihutirwa bw'ubuvuzi" kuri telefoni yawe cyangwa muri porogaramu.
• Vugana na muganga wawe uburyo bwo kwitegura kugira allergie. Ashobora kukwandikira umuti witwa epinephrine auto-injection. Ugumane nawe igihe cyose mu gihe habayeho allergie ikomeye.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?

Niba ukomeje kugira ibimenyetso by’ubwivumbure bw’amata, cyangwa niba ubonye ko ibimenyetso byawe bitangira nyuma yo kunywa amata, gana muganga.

Ni ryari ugomba kujya mu Kigo cyita ku Buvuzi bw’Ingoboka (ETU) ?

Niba utangiye kugira ibimenyetso bikomeye by’indwara ya "Anaphylaxis" yavuzwe haruguru (nk’ingorabahizi zo guhumeka nabi, gufunga igituza, no gucika intege), jya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze cy’ibitaro biri hafi yawe ako kanya, cyangwa uhamagare 1990.

Ni ibihe bibazo ugomba kubaza muganga?

• Wamenya ute neza niba mfite allergie y'amata?
• Ni ryari igihe cyiza cyo gutangira konsa umwana wanjye?
• Ese umwana wanjye azakura adashobora kugira ubwo burwayi bw'amata uko agenda akura?
• Ese hari amatsinda y’ubufasha afasha abantu bafite ubwivumbure bw’amata, cyangwa ababyeyi b’abana nk’abo?
• Ushobora kugisha inama inzobere mu mirire?

Ese allergie y'amata no kwihanganira lactose ni kimwe?

Yego. Izi ni indwara ebyiri zitandukanye rwose. Kudashyira mu gaciro kwa lactose ni ukudashobora gusya lactose, isukari iboneka mu mata. Ibi bitera ibimenyetso nko kubyimba, kuribwa mu nda, no gucibwamo iyo uriye cyangwa unywa ibiryo birimo lactose. Bikunze kugaragara ku bantu bakuru kurusha ku bana bato. Ariko, ubwivumbure bw'amata ni igihe ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe buhanganye na poroteyine zo mu mata. Ibimenyetso akenshi biba bikomeye kuruta ibyo kudashyira mu gaciro kwa lactose. Allergie y'amata ikunze kugaragara ku bana bato n'abana bato.

Ni gute wasuzuma ikibazo cyo kutihanganira lactose?

Ikizamini nyamukuru kuri ibi ni ikizamini cy'umwuka wa hydrogen.. Ibi bipima ingano y'umwuka wa hydrogen usohora. Iyo lactose idatunganyijwe, hydrogen ikorwa mu mara mu buryo budasanzwe, ari na byo iki kizamini gipima. Allergie yo mu mata ni igihe ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe bugaragaza nabi poroteyine zo mu mata nk'umwanzi maze bugatanga igisubizo cyo kuzirwanya. Iyi réaction, cyangwa allergie, ishobora gutera ibimenyetso bitandukanye, birimo uduheri ku ruhu, kuribwa, isesemi, kuruka, no gucibwamo. Mu bihe bikomeye, bishobora no gutera "Anaphylaxis." Kutamenya neza icyateye ibimenyetso byawe bishobora kugutera agahinda. Ariko muganga ashobora kugufasha. Bashobora gukora ibizamini kugira ngo bemeze niba ufite allergie yo mu mata no kukwandikira imiti nibiba ngombwa. Bashobora kandi kukwohereza ku muganga w'imirire kugira ngo agufashe kumenya icyo ari cyo cyiza kuri wewe kurya no kunywa.

Amaherezo, ibintu by'ingenzi cyane ugomba kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Sawa, twavuze byinshi ku bijyanye n'ubwivumbure bw'amata. Dore ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka:

• Allergie y'amata ni ikibazo cy'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, si ikibazo cyoroshye cyo mu igogora.
• Amata y'inka ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru, ariko ashobora no guterwa n'andi mata y'amatungo.
• Ibimenyetso bishobora kuva ku byoroheje kugeza ku bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga (anaphylaxis) . Iyo habayeho ibimenyetso bikomeye , shaka abaganga vuba.
• Kugira ngo umenye neza, hakenewe inama n'ibizamini bya muganga (`Ikizamini cyo gutobora uruhu`, `Ikizamini cy'amaraso`, `Ikizamini cyo kurya mu kanwa`) .
• Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura no kwirinda ni ukuvana amata n'ibikomoka ku mata mu ndyo. Soma neza ibyapa byanditseho.
• Ni ngombwa ko abantu bafite ubwivumbure bukomeye bahora bitwaje EpiPen®.
• Ibi birashira uko abana benshi bagenda bakura, ariko banza ubaze muganga kugira ngo umenye neza.
• Allergie y'amata no kutihanganira lactose ni ibintu bibiri.

Ntugatinye! Nubwo waba ufite allergie y'amata, ubizi neza kandi ugafatwa neza , ushobora kubaho ubuzima busanzwe kandi bufite ubuzima bwiza. Niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, menya neza ko mwagiye kwa muganga kugira ngo akugire inama.

Kurwara indwara z'amata, Kurwara indwara z'amata, Kurwara indwara z'ubwivumbure, Poroteyine z'amata, IgE, Anaphylaxis, EpiPen, Kurwara indwara z'ibiryo