Reka twige ku gasabo gato ariko gafite akamaro cyane mu mubiri wawe.

Wigeze wumva urugingo ruto ruri mu mubiri wawe rwitwa Impatwe? Birashoboka ko atari byo, sibyo? Ariko uyu mugenzi muto aradukorera akazi kenshi. Nk'umugaragu ucecetse. Uyu munsi rero turaganira muri make ku cyo impatwe ari cyo, icyo ikora, uko bigenda iyo igize ikibazo, n'uko twakwitwara.

Uduheri ni iki? Duherereye he?

Mu magambo make, urwagashya rwawe ni urugingo ruto ruherereye ibumoso bw'imbavu zawe, hejuru gato y'igifu cyawe. Rungana n'avoka ku muntu mukuru. Ni igice cy'urusobe rw'amaraso mu mubiri wawe. Sisitemu y'amaraso mu mubiri ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'urusobe rw'amaraso mu mubiri wawe. Bityo rero rukora akazi kenshi k'ingenzi kugira ngo umubiri wawe ukomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza.

Tekereza gato, nubwo ari nto, akazi ikora si gato. Hari igihe, agahu kaba nk'umuntu udufasha cyane tutabizi. Hariho intwari nyinshi nk'izi mu mibiri yacu, kandi agahu ni umwe muri abo bantu.

None se ni izihe serivisi urwagashya rutanga ku mubiri?

Agahu gafite akazi kenshi cyane. Reka turebere hamwe zimwe mu nshingano zako z'ingenzi.

• Kubika amaraso: Urugero, mu gihe cy’impanuka, iyo habayeho imvune ikomeye kandi amaraso menshi akabura, agumana amaraso amwe kugira ngo ayakoreshe. Kimwe n’ibikoresho by’ubutabazi mu rugo rwacu.
• Isukura amaraso: Ifasha amaraso kuguma asukuye ikuraho imyanda idakenewe, uturemangingo tw'amaraso dushaje kandi twangiritse. Ikora nk'ikintu gikusanya imyanda mu nzu yacu, nk'akayunguruzo gasukura amaraso ari mu mubiri.
• Ikora uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera n'uturemangingo tw'umubiri: Aba ni abasirikare barwanya mikorobe zishobora gutera umubiri wawe kurwara. Bityo rero urwagashya rufasha kubaka no gutoza aba basirikare. Ni nk'ingabo z'ingabo.
• Igenzura urugero rw'amazi mu mubiri: Ifasha kandi kubungabunga uburinganire bw'amazi mu mubiri, harimo n'amazi n'ibindi bintu.
• Ikora ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri kugira ngo burinde indwara zandura: Ni umubiri ukora ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri, ari bwo bufasha bwo kwirinda indwara zitandukanye. Bushobora kumenya mikorobe no kuzirwanya.

Nabonye ukuntu akazi akora kanini kandi gakomeye nubwo ari gato. Ni nk'umubyeyi uri mu rugo iwacu, wicaye ahantu hatagaragara, agenzura byose kandi akareba ko bikorwa neza.

Ibice by'agahu ni ibihe? Bikora iki?

Hari ibice bibiri by'ingenzi imbere mu gahu. Ibi byombi bikora imirimo itandukanye. Ni nk'amashami abiri mu biro bimwe.

1. Uduce tw'umweru: Aha niho hakorerwa uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera, cyane cyane lymphocytes. Utwo turemangingo tw'amaraso twera dukora uturemangingo tw'umubiri kandi turwanya indwara. Tekereza nk'ishami rishinzwe ubutasi mu kigo cya gisirikare, rigashakisha abanzi kandi rigategura gahunda yo kubatera.

2. Ifu y'umutuku: Iyi fu y'umutuku ikora nk'akayunguruzo. Ikura imyanda mu maraso, kandi igakuraho uturemangingo dutukura dushaje cyangwa tudakora neza. Si ibyo gusa, iyi fu y'umutuku inafasha mu gufata no gusenya udukoko nka bagiteri na virusi. Inafasha kandi kubika ibintu nk'uturemangingo dutukura n'udupira tw'amaraso.

Bityo rero ibi bice byombi birakorana kugira ngo agahu gakore akazi kako k'ingenzi, nk'ikipe nziza.

Ni izihe ndwara n'imiterere y'umubiri bigira ingaruka ku gasabo k'inkari?

Ikibabaje ni uko indwara zimwe na zimwe, indwara, n'impanuka nabyo bishobora gutera ibibazo ku muhogo. Reka turebe bimwe mu bibazo by'ingenzi.

Splenomegali

Iyi ni Splenomegali . Udusimba dushobora kuba tunini kurusha uko bisanzwe bitewe n'impamvu zitandukanye. Iyo ibi bibaye, ushobora kugira ububabare mu gice cy'ibumoso cy'inda yawe, ukumva uremereye, ndetse ukumva wuzuye ndetse no nyuma yo kurya bike. Splenomegali ni indwara iteje akaga, kuko rimwe na rimwe utwo dusimba dushobora gucika cyangwa kuva amaraso.

Icy'ingenzi: Niba usanze uruhago rwawe rwarabyimbye, ugomba kwirinda ibikorwa nko guterura ibintu biremereye no gukora siporo igoye, kuko ibikorwa nk'ibyo bishobora kwangiza uruhago.

Zimwe mu mpamvu zitera kubyimba kw'uduheri ni izi:

• Kanseri z'amaraso: Urugero, kanseri y'amaraso nka leukemia na lymphoma ya Hodgkin . Ishobora kandi kubaho iyo kanseri itangirira ahandi mu mubiri ikwirakwira (igera mu gifu) ikagera mu ruhu.
• Amaraso apfundika mu gasabo cyangwa mu mwijima .
• Amwe mu moko ya anemia: cyane cyane anemia ya hemolytic , ikaba ari indwara aho uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso ducika vuba.
• Indwara ya cystic fibrosis (CF) ni indwara umuntu avukana mu mizi.
• Indwara: Ingero zirimo `mononucleosis (mono)` (izwi kandi nk'umuriro w'imyakura), `syphilis` , `malariya` , na ` endocarditis`, indwara y'imbere mu mutima.
• Ibibazo by'umwijima: Indwara zitera umwijima gukomera, nka cirrhose .
• Indwara z’imikorere y’umubiri zikomoka ku rubyaro: Indwara aho ibintu bimwe na bimwe mu mubiri bidasambutse neza, nk’indwara ya Gaucher .
• Indwara ziterwa n'ububyimbirwe: nka sarcoidosis .
• Indwara ziterwa na poroteyine: Indwara aho poroteyine zidasanzwe zibikwa mu bice bimwe na bimwe by'umubiri, nka amyloidosis .

Aspleniya ikora neza

Muri iki kibazo, urwagashya ruba ruhari ariko ntirukora neza. Rushobora gukora cyane (hypersplenism) no gusenya uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso, uturemangingo tw’umweru, ndetse n’utundi duce duto tw’amaraso. Uku kwangirika gukabije kw’uturemangingo tw’amaraso byongera ibyago byo kwandura, kandi bishobora no gutera gukomereka no kuva amaraso. Kubura amaraso mu mubiri bishobora guterwa na:

• Impanuka cyangwa imvune yangiza urwagashya.
• Indwara ya Celiac .
• Indwara y'uturemangingo tw'umutsima .

Urwagashya rwangiritse cyangwa rwacitse

Impanuka n'ihungabana bishobora kwangiza cyangwa gucika urwagashya rwawe. Impamvu zikunze kugaragara ni impanuka z'imodoka, kugwa uvuye hejuru, no gukubitwa mu nda. Ibi bishobora kuba indwara ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga , kuko bishobora gutera kuva amaraso menshi imbere mu mubiri.

Ibimenyetso by'uko urwagashya rwacitse birimo:

• Igipimo cy'umutima kiriyongera.
• Isesemi no kuruka.
• Kuzungera, kumva urimo guta ubwenge.
• Ububabare bukabije munsi y'imbavu ku ruhande rw'ibumoso, rimwe na rimwe ubu bubabare bushobora no gukwirakwira ku rutugu rw'ibumoso.

Tekereza, umuhungu muto witwa Nimal yakubiswe mu nda n'umupira wihuta ubwo yakinaga cricket. Mbere na mbere, ntabwo yumvise ikintu gikomeye, ahubwo yumvise afite igikomere gito. Ariko nyuma y'igihe gito, uruhande rw'ibumoso rw'inda ye rwatangiye kubabara cyane, yumva azunguza umutwe, kandi abira ibyuya. Ubwo inshuti ze zamujyanaga kwa muganga vuba, abaganga bavuze ko urwagashya rwe rwari rwangiritse gato kandi rwari ruri kuva amaraso imbere. Ku bw'amahirwe, yavuwe vuba, bityo ntibyabaye ikibazo gikomeye. Kubwibyo , niba urwaye igifu cyane, ni ngombwa cyane kwitondera ibimenyetso.

Nakora iki kugira ngo urwagashya rwanjye rukomeze kuba ruzima?

Kugira ngo uturemangingo twawe, sisitemu y'imitsi, n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bikomeze gukora neza, ugomba kunywa amazi menshi, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe , no kugira ibiro byiza. Kurya indyo yuzuye irimo imbuto n'imboga nyinshi. Ibi ni ibintu twese tugomba gukora kugira ngo tugire ubuzima bwiza muri rusange.

• Irinde impanuka: Irinde impanuka. Ambara umukandara w'imodoka mu gihe utwaye imodoka, kandi wambare ibikoresho byo kwirinda mu gihe ukina siporo. Ibi ni byiza ku mubiri wose, si ku gasabo gusa.
• Gabanya inzoga: Kunywa inzoga nyinshi bishobora kwangiza umwijima, ibyo bikaba byanagira ingaruka ku ruhu.
• Shaka inkingo zikwiye: Gufata inkingo zirinda indwara zimwe na zimwe (urugero: umusonga, meningitis) ni ingenzi cyane cyane ku bafite uruhago rudakomeye.

Mu magambo make, iyo twitaye ku mubiri wacu wose, urwagashya narwo ruguma rufite ubuzima bwiza.

Ese birashoboka kubaho udafite agahu?

Nubwo agahu gakora imirimo myinshi y'ingenzi ku mubiri, birashoboka kubaho udafite aka gahu. Abaganga babyita 'asplenia' , cyangwa kubaho udafite agahu.

Ni gake cyane, hari abantu bavuka badafite urwagashya. Hari igihe, iyo urwagashya rwangiritse cyane cyangwa iyo habayeho indwara (nk'imwe muri kanseri y'amaraso cyangwa urwagashya rwacitse), abaganga bababaga bagakuraho urwagashya. Ubu buryo bwo kubaga bwitwa splenectomy . Iyo urwagashya ruvuyeho, umwijima ufata imirimo myinshi y'urwagashya, cyane cyane gukuraho uturemangingo tw'amaraso dushaje. Umwongo w'amagufwa n'uturemangingo tw'amaraso nabyo bifata imwe muri iyo mirimo.

Nanone, agahu gakurwaho mu rwego rwo kuvura ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa thrombocytopenia , nka immuno thrombocytopenia (ITP) . Izi ndwara zitera kugabanuka kwa platelets z'umubiri. Platelets ni ubwoko bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso dufasha amaraso yawe kuzura. Muri ITP, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwibeshya bwangiza platelets zabwo, kandi agahu niho hantu nyamukuru ho kwangirika. Bityo gukuraho agahu bishobora gufasha kugarura urugero rwa platelets.

Ni izihe ngorane ziterwa no kwangirika cyangwa gutakaza uruhago?

Abantu babaho badafite agahu, cyangwa abadafite agahu badakora neza , baba bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura indwara zimwe na zimwe, cyane cyane indwara za bagiteri. Ibi byitwa Overwhelming Post-Splenectomy Infection (OPSI) . Nubwo ibi bidakunze kubaho, bishobora guteza akaga. Iyo agahu kabuze cyangwa kangiritse, ubushobozi bw'umubiri bwo kurwanya ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa bagiteri (cyane cyane Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, na Neisseria meningitidis) buragabanuka. Izi ngaruka ziba nyinshi cyane ku bantu bafite izindi ndwara zigira ingaruka ku budahangarwa bw'umubiri, nka kanseri cyangwa VIH .

Niba udafite agahu, cyangwa niba agahu kawe kadakora neza, menya neza ko ugiye kwa muganga wawe kugira ngo akugire inama. Menya neza ko urimo kumenya amakuru agezweho ku bijyanye n'inkingo zawe kugira ngo wirinde kurwara. Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kukugira inama yo gufata imiti igabanya ubukana bwa bagiteri buri munsi, cyane cyane mu ntangiriro zo gukuraho agahu cyangwa ku bana bato. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane cyane niba ufite indi ndwara igira ingaruka ku budahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe. Ni byiza kandi kujya kwa muganga ako kanya, nubwo waba ufite indwara nto nk'ibicurane cyangwa grippe.

Ni ryari ngomba kubonana na muganga?

Niba ufite ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko ufite uruhago rwabyimbye cyangwa rwacitse, hita ubonana na muganga. Ibi bimenyetso birimo:

• Kumva uhaze nubwo umaze kurya gato (kurya utararya).
• Gukomereka cyangwa kuva amaraso nta mpamvu.
• Kubabara munsi y'urubavu rw'ibumoso cyangwa ububabare bukabije iyo ubikozeho.
• Umunaniro udasanzwe.
• Niba ukunze kwandura indwara.
• Umuriro n'ibimenyetso bisa n'ibicurane (cyane cyane ku badafite urwagashya).

Niba wumva ikintu nk'ikiJya kwa muganga vuba kuko hari indwara zimwe na zimwe zishobora guteza akaga. Muganga azagusuzuma, kandi nibiba ngombwa, akore isuzuma (nk'isuzuma rya ultrasound cyangwa isuzuma rya CT) kugira ngo amenye impamvu.

Namenya nte ko mfite ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'uduheri?

Ushobora kuba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara zo mu nda iyo ufite indwara zimwe na zimwe. Urugero, kanseri zimwe na zimwe z'amaraso, indwara ya Gaucher, cyangwa cystic fibrosis . Nanone, abantu bafite indwara idakunze kugaragara yitwa hereditary spherocytosis baba bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara amaraso make cyane kandi bashobora gukenera gukurwaho urwagashya. Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite izo ndwara, vugana na muganga wawe.

Nanone, abakina imikino imwe n'imwe (urugero: hockey, umupira w'amaguru, rugby) baba bafite ibyago byinshi byo gukomereka ku gahanga. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa gufata ingamba zo kwirinda iyo mikino.

Hanyuma, hari ibintu bike byo kwibuka

Udusimba twawe ni urugingo ruto ariko rufite akamaro cyane. Rukora cyane kugira ngo rurwanye indwara zandura, rukureho uturemangingo tw’amaraso dushaje, kandi rukomeze gutemba neza mu mubiri wawe. Indwara nyinshi, indwara zandura, n’ibikomere bishobora gutera ibibazo kuri utwo dusimba twawe. Niba ufite ububabare, uburemere, cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso bidasanzwe mu rubavu rwawe rw’ibumoso, gana muganga ako kanya. Bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy’indwara ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga, nko gucika utwo dusimba, cyangwa se bikaba ikimenyetso cy’indi ndwara ikeneye kuvurwa.

Rero, fata neza umubiri wawe kandi ukurikize ubuzima bwiza. Ubwo rero uruhago rwawe ruzanezerwa! Tekereza kuri uyu mukozi utagira icyo avuga mu mubiri wawe.

` umwobo, kubyimba umwobo, splenomegali, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, kubaga splenectomy, indwara z'umwobo