Ese uzi aka 'ruganda' gato mu mubiri wacu? Reka tuvuge ku gaseke!

Ese wigeze wibaza uburyo turya ibiryo n'uburyo umubiri wacu ugenzura urugero rw'isukari mu maraso? Pancreas ni urugingo rutangaje rwihishe mu nda yacu rufasha muri ibi byose. Ni nk'uruganda ruto, rukora imirimo ibiri y'ingenzi icyarimwe! Mu magambo make, ni igice cy'urusobe rw'igogora ryacu n'igice cy'urusobe rw'imisemburo (ni ukuvuga urusobe rw'imisemburo rukora imisemburo).

Ni iki mu by'ukuri kiba kuri pancreas?

Pancreas idufasha mu buryo bubiri bw'ingenzi. Bumwe ni ukudufasha gusya ibiryo, ubundi ni ukubikora imisemburo igenzura ingano y'isukari mu maraso yacu. Iyo ibi byombi bidakora neza, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku zindi ngingo z'ingenzi nk'umutima, umwijima n'impyiko.

Uburyo bwo gufasha mu igogora

Tekereza ko wariye ifunguro riryoshye. Ntabwo dutekereza cyane ku bizakurikiraho, si byo se, keretse tugize ububabare mu nda? Ariko hari akazi kenshi kaba mu mibiri yacu. Ibi nibyo pancreas ifasha mbere na mbere.

Pancreas ikora litiro 1 kugeza kuri 4 z'amazi yuzuyemo enzymes buri munsi. Iyi ngano iratandukana bitewe n'ingano y'ibiribwa turya. Izi enzymes zisenya poroteyine, ibinure, na karubohidrati mu byo turya mo uduce duto umubiri ushobora kwinjiza.

Dore uko bigenda:

• Umaze kurya, pancreas yohereza aya mazi ya enzyme binyuze mu miyoboro mito (imiyoboro) mu muyoboro mukuru wa pancreas.
• Uyu muyoboro w’ingenzi wa pancreas uhuza n’umuyoboro wacu w’indyo . Umuyoboro w’indyo utwara amazi yitwa nyongo, akorerwa mu mwijima akabikwa mu gasabo k’indyo. Uyu muyoboro w’indyo unafasha mu gusya ibiryo.
• Inyo iva mu gasabo n'amazi ya enzyme iva mu gasabo byombi bihurira bikinjira muri duodenum , igice cya mbere cy'amara mato (ahantu ha mbere ibiryo biva mu gifu).
• Aho niho ibi binyobwa bibiri bihurira bigatangira gusenya no gusya ibiryo neza.

Ese ntibitangaje? Ni ibintu byinshi bigoye nk'ibi bibaho mu mibiri yacu tutabizi!

Gukora imisemburo

Indi nshingano y'ingenzi ya pancreas ni ugukora imisemburo. By'umwihariko, imisemburo ibiri y'ingenzi igenzura urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yacu ikorerwa hano. Iyo ni insuline na glucagon .

• Iyo urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe rwiyongereye, pancreas irekura insuline . Insulini yimura isukari irenze mu turemangingo, ikagabanya urugero rw'isukari mu maraso.
• Nanone, iyo urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe rugabanutse (urugero, niba umaze igihe kinini utarya), pancreas irekura glucagon . Glucagon iragenda ikarekura isukari yabitswe mu mwijima wacu (nk'isukari) ikayisubiza mu maraso, ibi bikazamura urugero rw'isukari mu maraso.

Gukomeza kugira igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso muri ubu buryo ni ingenzi kugira ngo buri rugingo rw'umubiri rukore neza.

Pancreas iherereye he?

Noneho reka turebe aho uru rugingo rutangaje rwihishe mu mubiri wacu. Pancreas iherereye inyuma y'igifu cyacu n'imbere y'umugongo wacu. Ni nk'ahantu hatekanye. Hakikije hari izindi ngingo z'ingenzi nk'agasabo k'inkari, umwijima, n'umwobo.

Ni ku ruhande ruhe rw'umubiri aho pancreas iherereye?

"Umutwe" wa pancreas uri iburyo bw'umubiri wacu. Uzenguruka duodenum, igice cya mbere cy'amara yacu mato. "Umurizo" wa pancreas ugera ibumoso bw'umubiri, hafi y'agace k'umugongo .

Ni ibihe bice bya pancreas?

Mu magambo make, pancreas ishobora kugabanywamo ibice bine:

• Umutwe: Igice kinini cyane cya pancreas, giherereye imbere muri duodenum.
• Ijosi: Igice gito gihera ku mutwe.
• Umubiri: Igice cyo hagati kiri hagati y'umutwe n'ijosi, kiri hejuru gato.
• Umurizo: Igice gito cyane cya pancreas, kirangira hafi y'agace k'umugongo.

Ese pancreas isa ite?

Pancreas isa n'iy'ipera . Ifite ubugari ku mpera imwe kandi iragabanuka kugeza ku mpera nto. Iyo uyikozeho inyuma , iba ikaze kandi ifite ibibyimba, nk'igishishwa cy'ibigori. Ifite uburebure bwa santimetero 2.8 - hafi uburebure bw'ikiganza cyawe. Ipima garama 90 (hafi ibiro 0.20), bingana n'uburemere bw'ikarita isanzwe.

Ni izihe ndwara zishobora kugira ingaruka ku imisemburo y'umusemburo?

Ikibabaje ni uko pancreas, ikora imirimo nk'iyi ikomeye, ishobora no kurwara indwara zimwe na zimwe. Reka turebere hamwe izo ari zo:

• Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1: Ibi biterwa n'uko pancreas idakora insuline ihagije. Ibi akenshi biterwa n'ikibazo cy'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri.
• Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2: Muri ubu bwoko bwa diyabete, pancreas ikora insuline, ariko umubiri ntushobora kuyikoresha neza (ibi byitwa insuline resistance). Cyangwa, umubiri ushobora kudakora insuline ihagije.
• Isukari nyinshi mu maraso (hyperglycemia): Iyo pancreas ikora glucagon nyinshi, cyangwa iyo nta insuline ihagije ihari, urugero rw'isukari mu maraso rurazamuka cyane.
• Hypoglycemia (isukari nke mu maraso): Ibi bibaho iyo insuline nyinshi ikozwe (wenda niba ingano y'imiti ya diyabete yiyongereye), bigatuma urugero rw'isukari mu maraso rugabanuka cyane.
• Pancreatite:Iyi ni indwara iteje akaga. Ibaho iyo imisemburo ikorerwa muri pancreas itangiye gukora imbere muri pancreas mbere yuko igera mu mara mato (duodenum). Ibi bishobora kwangiza pancreas ubwayo. Indwara y'imisemburo cyangwa indwara yo kunywa inzoga ni byo bintu by'ingenzi biyitera. Ishobora kubaho mu buryo butunguranye ikagenda ikira (pancreatitis ikabije) cyangwa ikaba indwara idakira.
• Kanseri y'indurwe: Indwara ibaho iyo uturemangingo two mu indurwe tugize kanseri. Iyi ifatwa nk'ubwoko bwa kanseri bigoye kuyimenya no kuyivura kuko ibimenyetso bidakunze kugaragara mu ntangiriro.

Ibimenyetso bisanzwe by'indwara ya pancreas

None se, wamenya ute niba hari ikibazo kiri mu igogora ryawe? Si indwara zose zifite ibi bimenyetso byose, ariko reba niba ufite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso:

• Ububabare bwo mu nda , cyane cyane mu nda yo hejuru, rimwe na rimwe bujyana no kubabara umugongo. Ubu bubabare bushobora kwiyongera nyuma yo kurya.
• Kubabara umugongo.
• Kutabona neza (iki gishobora kuba ikimenyetso cya diyabete).
• Inkari zijimye, cyangwa amabyi y'imyenge areremba hejuru y'amazi.
• Umunaniro uhoraho.
• Kugira inyota ihoraho no gukenera kunyara kenshi (ibi nabyo ni ibimenyetso bya diyabete).
• Isesemi cyangwa kuruka.
• Kumva nk'aho ingingo zawe zigiye gucika intege.
• Kugabanuka nta mpamvu.
• Jaundice (guhinduka umuhondo kw'amaso n'uruhu). Ibi bibaho iyo umuyoboro w'inyongo ufunze.

Niba ufite ibimenyetso nk'ibi, ni byiza cyane kujya kwa muganga no kugisha inama.

Ibizamini byo kugenzura ubuzima bw'agakoko gatera pancreas

Kubera ko pancreas yihishe cyane mu mibiri yacu, biragoye ko abaganga bamenya uko imeze bayirebye gusa. Niyo mpamvu bakoresha ibizamini byihariye nk'ibi:

• Ultrasound yo mu nda cyangwa endoscopic ultrasound: Ibi bishobora kubona amashusho ya pancreas.
• Ikizamini cya angiography: Reba imiterere y'imitsi y'amaraso.
• Gupima amaraso: Reba ibintu nk'urugero rwa enzyme ya pancreas (amylase, lipase), urugero rw'isukari, n'imikorere y'umwijima.
• Gupima CAT / CT scan: Ibi bigufasha gufata amashusho y'agakoko gatera pancreas mu bice bitandukanye.
• Ibizamini bya ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) cyangwa MRCP (magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography): Ibi bishobora kureba imiyoboro ya pancreas n'imiyoboro y'amaraso.
• Ikizamini cya elastase y'amasaya:Genzura niba pancreas ikora imisemburo ihagije yo gusya ibiryo.
• Isuzuma rya MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Ibi bishobora kandi gufata amashusho arambuye ya pancreas.
• Ikizamini cy'imikorere ya pancreas ya Secretin: Gipima uburyo pancreas yitabira imisemburo ya secretin.

Hari igihe abaganga bashobora kubaga (nk'isuzuma rya biopsy) kugira ngo barebe ibibazo bya pancreas.

Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara z'impatwe

Abaganga ni bo bahitamo uburyo bwo kuvura hashingiwe ku ndwara igaragara mu icuraburindi.

• Ku ndwara ya Diyabete: Insulini itangwa ahanini hanze y’umubiri (cyane cyane ku ndwara ya diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1), cyangwa imiti ikoreshwa mu kugenzura isukari mu maraso. Guhindura imibereho (imirire, imyitozo ngororamubiri) ni ingenzi cyane.
• Ku ndwara ya kanseri y'agakoko gatera pancreas: Uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe imiti igabanya ubukana, imirasire, no kubaga ni bwo buryo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura. Hari igihe bumwe cyangwa bwinshi muri ubu buryo bushobora gukoreshwa hamwe.
• Ku ndwara ya pancreatitis: Kuvura harimo guhagarika kurya by'agateganyo, gutanga ibinyobwa binyuze mu mitsi, no gutanga uburibwe. Kuvura biratandukanye bitewe n'icyabiteye (urugero, utubuye tw'agahinda turakurwaho). Guhindura imirire no guhagarika inzoga ni ingenzi kuri pancreatitis idakira.

Hari abantu bashobora gukenera guterwa pancreas cyangwa kubagwa pancreas, ibyo bikaba bisaba gukuraho igice cya pancreas cyangwa pancreas yose. Ni gake cyane, uturemangingo twa pancreas dukora insuline (twitwa islets of Langerhans cells ) dushyirwa mu mwijima kugira ngo dukomeze gukora insuline.

Nakora iki kugira ngo pancreas yanjye ikomeze kuba nziza?

Twese twifuza kugira ubuzima bwiza. Hari ibintu bike twakora kugira ngo twite kuri iyi pancreas nto ariko y'ingenzi cyane:

• Komeza kugira ibiro byiza kuri wewe. Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ihoraho no kugabanya ibiro bikabije bishobora gufasha mu gukumira indwara y’utubuye tw’agahinda, bishobora gutera diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 na pancreatitis.
• Kurya indyo irimo ibinure bike kandi irimo fibre nyinshi. Ibiryo birimo ibinure byinshi kandi byatunganyijwe bishobora gutera indwara y’agahinda, ibi bikaba byatera indwara ya pancreatitis. Nanone, kuba umuntu ufite umubyibuho ukabije (BMI)) urengeje imyaka 30 ni ikintu gishobora gutera kanseri ya pancreas.
• Witondere inzoga unywa. Gabanya uko bishoboka kose, cyangwa ureke burundu. Kunywa inzoga byongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'indurwe na kanseri y'indurwe.
• Reka kunywa itabi. Kunywa itabi, kunywa itabi ry’itabi, n’ibikomoka ku itabi ridafite umwotsi (urugero: chewing gum) byose byongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y’indurwe na pancreatitis idakira.
• Jya kwisuzumisha kwa muganga buri gihe. Kubonana na muganga kugira ngo agusuzumishe buri gihe bishobora gufasha kumenya indwara nka kanseri ya pancreas na pancreatitis hakiri kare.

Ese birashoboka kubaho udafite pancreas?

Iki gishobora kuba ikibazo uri kwibaza. Yego, birashoboka kubaho udafite pancreas. Ariko nubikora, uzakenera gufata ibinini bya enzymes kugira ngo ugogore ibiryo na insuline kugira ngo ugenzure isukari mu maraso yawe ubuzima bwawe bwose. Ni gake cyane ugomba gukuraho pancreas yose. Ariko niba ufite kanseri ya pancreas, kwangirika gukomeye kwa pancreas, cyangwa pancreas ikomeye, muganga wawe ashobora kuba agomba gufata icyo cyemezo.

Amaherezo, icyo kwibuka

Akenshi, ntabwo dutekereza cyane ku igogora ryacu kugeza igihe hari ikintu kigenda nabi, sibyo? Uru rugingo, rwihishe inyuma y'inda zacu, rumeze nk'uruganda rufite ibice bibiri. Ku ruhande rumwe, rufasha mu gusya ibiryo, naho ku rundi, rugenzura isukari mu maraso. Mu kurya indyo yuzuye kandi mukirinda ibintu nko kunywa itabi no kunywa inzoga nyinshi , mushobora gufasha igogora ryawe ry'agaciro kugumana ubuzima bwiza igihe kirekire. Rero, komeza kwita ku mubiri wawe, kuko ubuzima ari bwo mutungo ukomeye! Urabyumva?

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