Umutsi w'ingenzi mu mubiri wawe wo hejuru: umutsi wa brachiocephalic.

Ese wigeze utekereza ku buryo gutembera kw'amaraso mu mubiri wacu ari ingenzi kandi bigoye? Hari uburyo bwihariye bw'imitsi bugira uruhare runini mu kuzana amaraso mu gice cyo hejuru cy'umubiri wacu, ni ukuvuga kuva ku mutwe, mu ijosi no mu maboko kugeza ku mutima. Igice cy'ingenzi cyane cy'ubwo buryo cyitwa Brachiocephalic Vein . Hari n'abantu bayita "Innominate Vein". Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye kandi bwuje ubuntu uyu munsi.

Uyu mutsi w'amaraso yo mu bwonko ni iki?

Mu magambo make, imitsi yawe ya brachiocephalic ni igice cy’urusobe rw’amaraso rw’umubiri wawe rwo hejuru. Ni imitsi ihuza amaguru n’amaboko , bivuze ko hari imitsi ibiri kuri buri ruhande rw’umubiri wawe, iburyo n’ibumoso.

• Umutsi w'iburyo wa Brachiocephalic
• Umutsi w'ibumoso wa Brachiocephalic

Iyi mitsi yo mu bwonko bw'iburyo n'ibumoso irahuzanya kugira ngo ifashe gutwara amaraso adahumeka neza mu mubiri wawe wo hejuru, ni ukuvuga ku mutwe wawe, mu ijosi no mu maboko, ikayajyana mu mutima wawe. Tekereza nk'uruhererekane rw'imihanda mito ihurira hamwe kugira ngo ikore umuhanda munini.

Akamaro k'uyu mutsi ni akahe?

Akazi k'ingenzi k'imitsi yawe ya brachiocephalic, nk'uko nabivuze mbere, ni ugutwara amaraso yabuze umwuka wa ogisijeni mu mutwe wawe, mu ijosi no mu maboko yawe akayajyana mu mutima wawe. Iyi mitsi mu by'ukuri ni ibice bibiri bito, ariko by'ingenzi cyane, by'imitsi minini itwara amaraso mu mubiri wawe wo hejuru. Tekereza nk'umuyoboro muremure ufite ibice byinshi bifatanye. Iyo uciye igice kimwe hagati, nta kintu na kimwe cyanyura mu muyoboro wose, si byo se? Uko ni ko imitsi yose mu mubiri wacu ikorana kugira ngo amaraso akomeze kugenda neza. Buri mutsi ufasha gutwara amaraso mu nzira ikwiye, agana ahantu heza.

Amaraso agenda ate?

Noneho reka turebe uburyo umutsi wa brachiocephalic ugira uruhare muri iki kintu kinini. 1. Imitsi yawe ya brachiocephalic y'iburyo n'ibumoso iraterana igakora umutsi munini witwa Superior Vena Cava yawe. Uyu mutsi uherereye hejuru y'umutima wawe, kandi umanuka ugakora amaraso mu cyumba cyo hejuru ku ruhande rw'iburyo rw'umutima wawe, atrium y'iburyo . 2. Kuva aho, amaraso yawe anyura mu ruhande rw'iburyo rw'umutima wawe ajya mu bihaha kugira ngo afate ogisijeni. 3. Nyuma yo gufata ogisijeni, amaraso asubira mu mutima, hanyuma ventricle y'ibumoso ipompa ayo maraso mu mubiri wawe wose. Rero, urabona, umutsi wa brachiocephalic ni umuhuza w'ingenzi cyane ufasha amaraso yawe gutembera mu mutima wawe, mu bihaha byawe, ndetse no mu mubiri wawe wose.

Uyu mutsi wo mu bwonko ubaho gute?

Umutsi wawe wa subclavian (uyu ni umutsi unyura munsi y'igufwa ry'umugongo) n'umutsi wo mu jugular imbere(Uyu ni umutsi ukomeye mu ijosi) Umutsi wa brachiocephalic ubaho iyo imitsi ibiri ifatanye. Uku guhurirana biba ukwabyo ku mpande z'iburyo n'ibumoso z'umubiri wawe.

Umutsi w'amaraso wa brachiocephalic uherereye he?

Iyi mitsi yo mu mutwe iherereye mu gituza cyo hejuru, imbere mu mubiri wawe. Iherereye munsi gato y'igufwa ryawe ry'umugongo (clavicle), hafi gato y'ibitugu byawe. Dore uko itangira:

• Umutsi w'iburyo wa brachiocephalic: Aha niho umutsi w'iburyo wa subclavian n'uw'imbere mu jisho ry'iburyo bihurira. Unyura hasi ugana ku mutima .
• Umutsi w'ibumoso wa Brachiocephalic: Aha niho umutsi w'ibumoso wa subclavian n'umutsi w'imbere w'ibumoso bihurira. Uyu mutsi ni muremure gato kurusha undi, kandi ufata inzira itandukanye gato. Ugenda utambitse, ku ruhande rwo hasi gato, kugira ngo uhure n'umutsi w'iburyo wa brachiocephalic. Mu nzira, unyura hejuru y'umutsi w'amaraso ujya mu nda no imbere y'imitsi ya carotid ( imitsi minini iri mu ijosi ryawe). Hanyuma uhuza umutsi w'iburyo wa brachiocephalic. Aho niho vena cava iruta izindi itangirira.

Ni iyihe mitsi yindi ihuza n'imitsi yo mu bwonko bwa brachiocephalic?

Amaraso aturuka mu mitsi mito myinshi ahurira kuri iyi mitsi yo mu bwonko. Imwe muri yo ni:

• Imitsi yo mu mutwe w'imbere
• Imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa Subclavian
• Imitsi ya Tiroyide iri hasi y'ibumoso n'iburyo
• Imitsi yo mu gituza y'ibumoso n'iburyo (yitwa kandi imitsi yo mu mabere y'imbere)
• Imitsi yo mu mugongo y'ibumoso n'iburyo
• Umutsi wo mu bwoko bwa Intercostal wo hejuru y'ibumoso

Iyi mitsi yose itwara amaraso yatakaje ogisijeni kandi akeneye gusubira mu mutima.

Uyu mutsi ungana ute?

Imitsi yawe y'iburyo n'ibumoso ya brachiocephalic iratandukanye gato mu bunini.

• Umutsi w'iburyo wa brachiocephalic ufite uburebure bwa santimetero 2 kugeza kuri 3. Tekereza kuri ibyo, ni nk'uburebure bw'ibinini bibiri bya aspirine bisanzwe bishyirwa iruhande.
• Umutsi w'ibumoso wa brachiocephalic ni muremure, ureshya na santimetero 6.

Umutsi w'amaraso ukozwe mu ki?

Kimwe n'indi mitsi yawe, iyi mitsi yo mu bwoko bwa brachiocephalic igizwe n'ibice bitatu bigizwe n'ubwoko butatu bw'imitsi n'udupira:

• Tunica Adventitia (urwego rwo hanze): Ibi nibyo biha umutsi imiterere n'imiterere yawo.
• Tunica Media (urwego rwo hagati):Irimo uturemangingo tw’imitsi tworoshye. Ibi nibyo bituma imitsi yaguka cyangwa igafungana uko amaraso ayinyuramo.
• Tunica Intima (urwego rw'imbere): Iyi ifite agace k'imbere kagizwe n'uturemangingo tw'inyuma tworoshye. Ibi bituma amaraso anyura mu mitsi byoroshye nta nkomyi.

Icy'ingenzi ni uko imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa brachiocephalic idafite imitsi nk'indi mitsi myinshi. Imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa valves ibuza amaraso gutembera inyuma gusa.

Ni izihe tandukaniro mu miterere y'umubiri w'umuntu mu mitsi yo mu bwonko bw'imbere?

Hari abantu bavuka bafite itandukaniro ry’imiterere y’umubiri mu mitsi yabo ya brachiocephalic. Kimwe mu bikunze kugaragara ni umutsi wa brachiocephalic ugenda inyuma y’umutsi . Ibi bibaho iyo umutsi wa brachiocephalic w’ibumoso unyura munsi y’umutsi wa aortic aho kuwunyura hejuru, nk’uko bisanzwe bigenda. Rero, aho kwiruka imbere y’umutsi wawe uzamuka ( igice cya mbere cy’umutsi wawe wa aorta), uyu mutsi ugenda inyuma yawo. Iri hinduka ry’imitsi ya brachiocephalic riba ku bana bagera kuri 1 kuri 250. Niba iri hinduka ari ryo ryonyine rihari, ni ukuvuga ko niba nta yindi ndwara y’umutima ibaho, ubusanzwe nta ngaruka mbi bigira. Ariko akenshi izi mpinduka zigaragara ku bana barwaye indwara y’umutima bavukanye (CHD) . Zimwe muri izi ndwara ni:

• Impinduka mu miyoboro y'amaraso, nka Double Aortic Arch.
• Umwobo uri hagati ya atria cyangwa hagati ya ventricles (Atrial Septal Defects cyangwa Ventricular Septal Defects)
• Guhuza umuyoboro wa Aorta.
• Tetralogy of Fallot (bishoboka ko iterwa no kurwara ibihaha).
• Kugaruka kw'imitsi y'ibihaha ku buryo budasanzwe.
• Truncus Arteriosus.

Hafi 60% by'aba barwaye indwara ya CHD yoroheje. Ariko, bamwe mu bana bashobora kugira CHD ikomeye isaba kuvurwa cyangwa kubagwa.

Kuki izi mpinduka ari ingenzi?

Izi mpinduka mu miterere y'imitsi yo mu bwonko ni ingenzi cyane niba ukeneye kubagwa cyangwa kuvurwa. Urugero:

• Iyo ihujwe n'icyuma gikoresha umutima n'ibihaha (cardiopulmonary bypass machine).
• Iyo ushyizemo pacemaker .

Impamvu ni uko iyo ukoze ibintu nk'ibi, imitsi yawe ya brachiocephalic cyangwa ibice biyikikije bishobora kugira ingaruka. Kubwibyo, muganga wawe azakora ibintu nka "Ibizamini byo Gushushanya" kugira ngo arebe imiterere y'umubiri wawe mbere yo gukora ikintu nk'iki. Hanyuma, azakora impinduka mu gihe cyo kubaga cyangwa kubagwa uko bikenewe.

Ni ibihe bibazo bigira ingaruka ku mutsi wo mu bwonko (brachiocephalic vein)?

Hari indwara nyinshi zishobora kugira ingaruka ku mitsi yo mu bwonko:

• Ingorane za Catheter yo mu Mitsi yo Hagati: Hari igihe abaganga bakoresha imitsi yawe ya brachiocephalic kugira ngo igere ku mitsi yo hagati. Ibi bivuze ko umuyoboro muto kandi woroshye winjizwa muri uyu mutsi kugira ngo uhabwe amazi cyangwa imiti. Ingorane zishobora kubaho zirimo gutobora imitsi cyangwa thrombosis yo mu mitsi yo hejuru . Ni gake cyane, ibintu nk'ibishobora kubaho.
• Stenose: Uburyo bumwe bwo kuvura bushobora gutuma uyu mutsi ufungana. Urugero, niba uri kuri dialyse , muganga wawe ashobora gukora fistula yo mu mitsi ihuza imitsi n'imitsi kugira ngo dialyse yorohe. Ibi akenshi biba bifitanye isano n'imitsi yo mu mitsi. Stenose y'imitsi ni ikibazo kidasanzwe muri ubu buryo.
• Ibibyimba: Ibibyimba by’ibanze byo mu gice cy’imbere cy’umubiri bishobora gutuma uyu mutsi ubyimba kandi ukabuza amaraso gutembera, cyangwa bigaterwa na kanseri y’ibere yakwirakwiriye mu bindi bice by’umubiri.

Ni ibihe bipimo abaganga bakoresha kugira ngo basuzume uyu mutsi?

Abaganga bashobora gukoresha ibizamini nk'ibi kugira ngo barebe ibibazo biri mu mitsi yawe ya brachiocephalic, urugero:

• Ultrasound ya Duplex
• Gupima CT (CT Scan) `(Isuzuma rya mudasobwa - Gupima CT Scan)`
• Gupima MRI `(Ishusho ya Magnetic Resonance - MRI )`
• Venogram (isuzuma ryihariye rya X-ray ry'imitsi)

None se twakora iki kugira ngo uyu mutsi w'amaraso wo mu bwonko ukomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza?

Ukurikije ubuzima bwiza bw'umutima, ushobora gutuma imiyoboro y'amaraso yawe yose, harimo n'iyi mitsi yo mu bwoko bwa brachiocephalic, ikora neza. Dore inama nke:

• Reka kunywa itabi n'ibikomoka ku itabi byose. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane.
• Nywa amazi menshi. Kunywa amazi akwiye ku munsi ni ingirakamaro cyane ku mubiri.
• Kurya ibiryo bitanga ubuzima bwiza ku mutima.Ibi bifasha kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe, urugero rwa cholesterol, n'uburemere bw'umubiri wawe.
• Genda utembera. Gerageza kugenda n'amaguru iminota 30 nibura iminsi itanu mu cyumweru. Ariko menya neza ko waganiriye na muganga wawe mbere yo gutangira gukora siporo nshya.
• Igendere gato umunsi wose. Gufata ikiruhuko gito cyo kwicara no kugendagenda bifasha kunoza urujya n'uruza rw'amaraso.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Umutsi wawe wa brachiocephalic ni igice cy'ingenzi cyane cy'urusobe rw'amaraso. Ni wo utwara amaraso yabuze umwuka wa ogisijeni mu mubiri wawe wo hejuru uyajyana mu mutima wawe. Rero, ni ngombwa cyane gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo imitsi yawe ya brachiocephalic, hamwe n'indi mitsi yawe yose, ikomeze kubaho neza.

Gufata imico myiza y'umutima bishobora gufasha imitsi yawe gukora neza mu myaka iri imbere. Vugana na muganga wawe ku mpinduka ushobora gukora ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi. Ashobora kuguha inama nziza kuri wewe.

Rero, nizeye ko aya makuru yagufashije. Kumenya izi gahunda zitangaje ziri mu mibiri yacu bituma dushishikazwa cyane no kuyibungabunga, si byo se?