Ushobora gutungurwa gato iyo wumvise izina 'Umuganga w'inzobere mu kuvura indwara zo mu nda', ukibaza uti "Uyu ni nde? Bakora iki?" Ntugahangayike, ntabwo bigoye cyane. Mu magambo make, uyu ni umuganga w'inzobere mu kuvura indwara no kubaga amara yawe manini, mu nda no mu kibuno . Reka tubiganireho mu buryo burambuye, nk'aho urimo kuvugana n'inshuti yawe, sibyo?
Uyu muganga w’inzobere mu kubaga inda z’inda ni nde? Ese mbere yitwaga umuganga w’inzobere mu kubaga inda z’inda?
Yego, ushobora kuba warumvise ijambo 'proctologist'. Mu by'ukuri, mu bihe byashize, abaganga bavuraga ubwo bwoko bw'indwara bitwaga proctologist. 'Cloride dancétal surgeon' ni ryo zina rigezweho kandi rigezweho ry'urwo rwego rw'ubuvuzi.
Hari itandukaniro rito mu bisobanuro hagati y’aya mazina yombi. Iyo tuvuze 'inzobere mu by’ubuvuzi bw’indwara z’inkari', ahanini bivuga ku nda n’inyuma. Ariko iyo tuvuze 'inkari n’inyuma', bikubiyemo byombi, inda n’inyuma. Urabizi, ibi bibiri ni byo bice binini by’amara manini. Ariko, mu by’ukuri, uko amazina muri aya abiri yaba yitwa kose, aba bahanga bavura ibi bice byose . Rero nta kintu cyo kubitekerezaho cyane.
Kuki tugomba kubonana n'umuganga ubaga amenyo y'inkondo y'umura?
Tekereza ufite ikibazo cyangwa ibimenyetso mu nda yo hasi, ni ukuvuga mu gice cyo hasi cy'igifu (GI). Hanyuma ushobora kubanza kujya kwa muganga mukuru cyangwa inzobere mu ndwara zo mu gifu.
Iyo muganga amaze kugusuzuma asanze ikibazo cyawe gisaba kubagwa , azakohereza kwa muganga ubaga impyiko z'inkari.
Zimwe mu ndwara zo mu mara zikunze gukenera kubagwa zirimo:
- Kanseri na polyposis : Ibi bivuga indwara za kanseri mu mara cyangwa uduce duto tw’umubiri (polyps) dushobora kuba kanseri.
- Indwara y'amara abyimba (IBD): Iyi ni indwara y'igihe kirekire ifata igice cy'amara. Ingero zirimo indwara nka Crohn's disease na ulcerative colitis .
- Ischemia: Ibi bibaho igihe igice cy'amara kibaAmaraso agabanuka cyangwa akabura. Iyo ibyo bibaye, icyo gice gishobora no gupfa.
- Ubusembwa bw'imiterere: Urugero, fistula - isano idasanzwe hagati y'amara n'urundi rugingo, hernia - gusohoka kw'igice cy'amara binyuze ahantu hadakomeye, na prolapse - gusohoka cyangwa gusohoka kw'igice cy'umubiri, nk'ururenda rw'inyuma.
Ese abaganga b'inzobere mu kubaga inda nini bavura gusa?
Oya, ibyo si ukuri. Nubwo abaganga b'inzobere mu kubaga amara manini cyane cyane bihariye, banahuguwe mu kubaga indwara rusange .
Uretse ibyo, ikibazo kiri mu ngingo imwe y'umubiri wacu gishobora kugira ingaruka ku zindi ngingo, si byo se? Kubwibyo, aba bahanga bagomba kuvura izindi ngingo zifitanye isano itaziguye n'amara cyangwa izibasiwe n'indwara imwe. Izo ngingo ni:
- Uduce duto tw'amara
- Imitsi yo hasi mu gituza (iyi ifasha mu kugenzura amara n'uruhago)
- Uturemangingo tw'inkari
- Uruhu rw'imyororokere rw'abagore
Ni ibihe byangombwa bisabwa kugira ngo ube umuganga w’inzobere mu kubaga amenyo?
Iki ni ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane. Umuganga w’inzobere mu kubaga amenyo y’inkari ni umuntu ufite ubumenyi n’ubuhanga bwo ku rwego rwo hejuru cyane . Urugero, mu gihugu nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, kugira ngo umuntu abe umuganga w’inzobere mu kubaga amenyo y’inkari, agomba kwitoza kuba umuganga mukuru nibura imyaka itanu. Nyuma y’ibyo, agomba gukora undi mwaka cyangwa irenga w’amahugurwa yo gutura mu bitaro by’inzobere mu kubaga amenyo y’inkari.
Nyuma y'aya mahugurwa, batsinda ibizamini byanditse n'ibyo mu kanwa, bakaba inzobere mu byemezo by'inama y'ubutegetsi baturutse mu nama z'ubuvuzi zibishinzwe (urugero: Inama y'Abanyamerika ishinzwe kubaga inda nini). Nkuko mubibona, uru si urugendo rworoshye, niyo mpamvu dushobora kwiringira ubumenyi n'ubushobozi bwabo.
Ni iki umuganga w’inzobere mu kubaga inda z’indaro yiga kurusha umuganga mukuru w’inzobere mu kubaga inda z’indaro?
Izi nzobere ziga ku buryo bwimbitse imikorere y’amara n’imitsi , ni ukuvuga uburyo izi ngingo zakora n’uko zikorana.
Kubera ubwo bumenyi bwimbitse, ibibazo bivuka mu mara no mu ndaBafite ubushobozi budasanzwe bwo gusesengura ibibazo bikomeye by'umubiri no gutanga uburyo bwo kuvura bukenewe. Mu by'ukuri, ni bo bahanga muri uru rwego.
Ni iki mu by'ukuri umuganga ubaga amagufwa yo mu mara akora?
Abaganga bavura indwara z’uruhu bakoresha uburyo bwose bushoboka bwo kubaga no kuvura indwara z’igogora kugira ngo bavure uturemangingo tw’igogora. Ibi bivuze ko bafite ibikoresho byose bakeneye kugira ngo bavure indwara zikomeye.
Bashobora kugufasha mu buryo butabazwe (urugero, binyuze mu gupima imiterere y'umubiri), mu kubagwa mu buryo budakabije , cyangwa, nibiba ngombwa, mu kubagwa mu buryo bugaragara .
Bumwe mu buryo bukoreshwa n'abaganga b'inzobere mu kubaga inda z'inda harimo:
- Colonoscopy: Ibi bikubiyemo gushyiramo umuyoboro muto kandi woroshye (endoscope) hamwe na kamera hanyuma ukamurika mu kibuno kugira ngo usuzume amara manini yose . Ibi bishobora gukoreshwa mu gukuramo utuntu duto no gufata ingero z'uturemangingo (biopsy).
- Enteroscopy: Ubu ni uburyo bwo gusuzuma amara mato hakoreshejwe endoscope.
- Sigmoidoscopy: Iyi isuzuma igice cya nyuma cy'amara manini (sigmoid colon), rectum, na anus.
- Laparoscopy: Hakorwa icyuho gito cyane mu nda, aho hinjizwa kamera yihariye (laparoscope) kugira ngo harebwe ingingo z'imbere mu nda.
- Kubaga Laparoscopic: Bizwi kandi nka "kubaga mu mwobo w'igifunguzo," ubu ni uburyo busaba gukata uduce duto twinshi mu nda no gukoresha laparoscope n'ibikoresho byihariye. Ibi bituma kubaga bikorwa hatabayeho gukata cyane, ibyo bikaba bigabanya igihe cyo gukira.
- Kubaga hakoreshejwe roboti: Ubu ni ubwoko bwa laparoscopic surgery. Ariko, hano umuganga agenzura ukuboko kwa roboti akoresheje mudasobwa. Ibi bituma habaho kubaga byoroshye cyane kandi bigoye .
Zimwe mu nzira zo kubaga no gukora zikorwa n'abaganga b'inzobere mu kubaga inda z'inda zirimo:
- Polypectomy: Gukuraho polyps (udusimba duto) mu mara binyuze mu gupima uturemangingo tw’amaraso.
- Gukuraho mucosal mucosa (EMR) / Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD): Uburyo bugezweho bwo gukuraho ibibyimba mu mara bigoranye kubikuraho.
- Kubaga hakoreshejwe microscope ya transanal endoscopic: Kubaga aho igikoresho cyihariye (proctoscope) gishyirwamo binyuze mu kibuno kugira ngo gikureho ibibyimba binini cyangwa imbogamizi mu gace k'inyuma.
- Kubaga amara: Gukuraho igice cy'amara cyangwa amara yose, bitewe n'uko arwaye.
- Kubaga ostomi: Ibi bikubiyemo guhindura uburyo umwanda usohoka mu mubiri no gukora stoma binyuze mu guhuza impera imwe y'amara n'uruhu rw'inda. Ibi byitwa colostomy cyangwa ileostomy.
- Kubaga Anastomose: Guhuza ibice bibiri by'amara binyuze mu gukuraho ostomy yari yakozwe mbere.
- Gukuraho appendicitis: Gukuraho appendicitis iyo yabyimbye.
- Anoplastike: Gusana cyangwa guhindura imiterere y'ikibuno.
- Rectopeksi: Gusubizaho kubagwa prolapse y'uturemangingo.
- Sacrocolpopexy: Gusana imitsi yo mu kibuno.
- Gusana Hernia: Gusana hernia mu mara (urugero: hernia yo mu gituza, hernia yo mu gituza) hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa laparoscopic cyangwa roboti.
- Kubaga Cecostomy / antegrade colonic enema (ACE): Umuyoboro ushyirwa mu mara kugira ngo utange umuti wa enema nk'umuti w'indwara zimwe na zimwe, nko kutagira impatwe.
Bakora kandi ibintu nk'ibi kugira ngo barebe imikorere y'inzira yawe y'amara n'ay'inyuma:
- Isuzuma rya digitale rectal: Ikizamini aho muganga ashyira urutoki rufite agapfukantoki mu rectum.
- Anoscopy / Proctoscopy: Gushyiramo igikoresho gito kugira ngo harebwe ikibuno n'ururenda rwo hasi.
- Gupima amara: Gusuzuma inzira y'amara hakoreshejwe X-ray cyangwa MRI.
- Ultrasound y'imbere: Gusuzuma impyiko n'uturemangingo tuyikikije hifashishijwe icyuma gipima imiterere y'impyiko binyuze mu mpyiko.
- Manometriya y'imitsi yo mu nda ikora: Gupima umuvuduko n'imikorere y'imitsi yo mu nda ikora mu gituza no mu kibuno.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'indwara abaganga b'inzobere mu kubaga amenyo y'inda bavura?
Hari indwara nyinshi zisaba kujya kwa muganga ubaga impyiko z'inkari. Reka turebe zimwe muri zo mu matsinda:
Kanseri y'inkondo y'umura, ingero:
- Kanseri y'umura munini
- Kanseri yo mu maraso
- Kanseri y'ikibuno
- Kanseri y'inyongera
- Kanseri yo mu nda - ikwirakwira rya kanseri mu gice cyo hagati cy'inda
- Ibibyimba byo mu gifu (GIST)
- Ibibyimba by'ubwonko
- Hari indwara zimwe na zimwe za kanseri y’uruhererekane, nka kanseri y’uruhererekane idafite polyposis colorectal (HNPCC) cyangwa indwara ya Lynch syndrome.
Ingero za polyps zo mu mara n'izindi ndwara za polyposis zo mu nda, ni izi:
- Indwara ya polyposis yo mu muryango (FAP) - Ibi bishobora gutera amagana cyangwa ibihumbi bya polyps mu mara.
- Indwara ya Lynch - (inavugwaho kandi muri kanseri)
- Polyposis ifitanye isano na MUTYH (MAP)
- Indwara ya polyposis iterwa n'imisemburo
- Ibibyimba bya Desmoid
- Indwara ya Peutz-Jeghers
- Indwara ya polyposis y'abana
- Indwara ya PTEN hamartoma
Ingero z'indwara ya colitis igoye (kubyimba kw'amara):
- Diverticulitis - Kwandura cyangwa kubyimba udufuka duto (diverticula) mu rukuta rw'amara.
- Urwara rw'ibisebe
- Indwara ya Crohn
- Uturemangingo tw’indwara ya mikorosikopi
- Indwara ya Pseudomembranous colitis - Indwara ikunze kubaho nyuma yo gukoresha imiti imwe n'imwe ya antibiyotike.
- Appendicitis - Kubyimba k'umunyururu.
- Enterocolitis itera indwara - Indwara ikomeye yibasira abana bavutse.
- Ischemic colitis - Kubyimba guterwa no kugabanuka kw'amaraso ajya mu mara.
Indwara z'amara zikora neza, ingero:
- Indwara yo mu gituza itera ikibazo cyo kwituma mu buryo bugoye.
- Kudashobora kugenzura umwanda (Kunanirwa kwifata mu ifu)
- Kwituma mu buryo butifashe neza
- Anismus - Kudashobora kuruhuka imitsi yo mu nda ibyara neza mu gihe cyo kwituma.
Ingero z'ibibazo by'imiterere y'umubiri:
- Kuziba amara manini
- Fistula yo mu kibuno - Ivuka ry'inzira idasanzwe hagati y'uruhu n'amara hafi y'ikibuno.
- Fistula yo mu myanya ndangagitsina - isano idasanzwe iri hagati y'impyiko n'igitsina.
- Hernia yo mu kibuno
- Igisebe cyo mu kibuno
- Gutemba kw'impyiko
- Gutemba kw'ingingo z'ikibuno
Izindi ndwara zitari mbi ku mara, urugero ni izi:
- Kuva amaraso mu gifu / kuva amaraso mu mikaya
- Imiyoboro y'ikibuno
- Ibibyimba mu kibuno
- Hemorrhoids
- Ibisebe byo mu maraso
- Kurya impatwe no gukomeretsa amacandwe
Urwibutso ruto ku mara yawe n'urusobe rw'igogora rwo hasi
Ura rwawe runini ni igice kinini cy'inzira yo hasi y'igifu . Ibiryo turya binyura mu nzira yo hasi y'igifu, kandi ni muri urwo rwego imyanda ivanwa mu mubiri wawe. Niba rero urimo uhura n'ibimenyetso nko kubabara mu nda yo hasi cyangwa impinduka mu mikorere y'amara yawe (urugero: kuva amaraso, impiswi, kuribwa mu nda), birashoboka ko ari ikibazo mu nzira yo hasi y'igifu.
Iki ni cyo gihe inama n'ubuvuzi by'umuganga ubaga amenyo y'inkondo y'umura biba ingenzi. Si indwara zose zisaba kubagwa . Ariko, iyo bibaye ngombwa kubagwa, kubonana n'inzobere nk'iyi bishobora kugufasha kubona ubuvuzi bwiza cyane. Umuganga wawe cyangwa umuganga w'indwara z'igifu azakohereza kwa muganga ubaga amenyo y'inkondo y'umura niba babona ko uyu muganga ashobora kuvura neza ikibazo cyawe.
Amaherezo, ngomba kukubwira... (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)
Ndizera ko ubu ufite igitekerezo cyiza ku muganga ubaga inda z'inkari, icyo akora, n'ubwoko bw'indwara avura.
Icy'ingenzi ni uko aba bahanga bariho kugira ngo bagufashe . Bafite ubumenyi n'amahugurwa bikenewe ku ndwara yawe.
- Niba ufite ibimenyetso bidasanzwe bijyanye n'umura wawe, umwijima, cyangwa ikibuno (urugero: kubabara mu nda bidashira, amaraso mu mwanda wawe, impinduka mu mikorere y'amara, kugabanya ibiro mu buryo budasanzwe), ntubyirengagize . Shaka inama kwa muganga ako kanya.
- Niba muganga wawe agutumye kwa muganga ubaga amenyo y'inkondo y'umura, ntugire ubwoba . Bivuze gusa ko ushobora gukenera ubuvuzi bwihariye .
- Wibuke ko hamwe n’ubumenyi bw’ubuvuzi bwateye imbere muri iki gihe, indwara nyinshi zijyanye n’uru rwego zishobora kuvurwa neza no kuvurwa neza .
Rero, ugomba kugira ubuzima bwiza! Niba ufite ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose, icy'ingenzi ni ukubona inama zikwiye ahantu heza.
👩🏽⚕️ Ibibazo by'inyongera (Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa)
💬 Ni nde muganga w’inzobere mu kubaga inda z’umura?
Ibi bivuga umuganga w’inzobere mu kubaga ufite imyitozo yihariye mu kuvura indwara zijyanye n’igice cya nyuma cy’igogora ryacu, ni ukuvuga mu mara, mu mfuruka no mu kibuno.
💬 Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'indwara ukeneye kubonana na muganga?
Uyu muganga agomba kuganirizwa ku ndwara nka emoroyide, imikaya yo mu kibuno, impiswi idakira (Indwara ya Crohn), na kanseri y'amara.
💬 Kuki twajya kwa muganga aho kujya kwa muganga mukuru?
Aba baganga b’inzobere mu by’imitsi bafite ubumenyi n’uburambe bwihariye mu kubaga no gusuzuma (colonoscopy) bikorerwa mu mara manini no mu nda y’umura.
Umuganga w'inkari, indwara z'inyuma, umuganga w'inkari, kanseri y'inkari, indorerwamo y'inkari, urugimbu, urugimbu, kubaga
💬 Comments (0)
Kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere, kwisuzuma no kwirinda byakozwe byoroshye. Kanseri y'ibihaha
Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.