Ese wibuka ibiganiro bya buri gihe ku bijyanye no gupima abarwayi banduye mu gihe cya COVID-19? Twese twumvise inkuru nka 'Niba ikizamini cyaragaragaye ko ari icyawe, bivuze ko wari ufite iyi ndwara mbere.' None se ikizamini cya abarwayi banduye, cyangwa nk'uko bamwe babyita, ni iki gipimo cya serology? Uyu munsi, turaganira ku cyo gisa n'umubiri wacu mu buryo bworoshye kandi bwumvikana.
Reka tubanze turebe, izi antibody ni iki?
Mu magambo make, umubiri wacu umeze nk'igihugu. Iyo umwanzi, nka virusi, bagiteri, cyangwa allergie yinjiye mu gihugu cyacu, ingabo zacu, ubudahangarwa bwacu bw'umubiri , birema abasirikare badasanzwe bo kurwanya uwo mwanzi. Abo basirikare twita antibodies .
Izi antibodies ni ubwoko bwa poroteyine. Icy'ingenzi ni uko umubiri udakora ubwoko bumwe bw'abasirikare kuri buri mwanzi uhuye na zo. Ubwoko bumwe bwa antibody bukorerwa virusi imwe, ubundi bwoko bwa antibody bukorerwa indi virusi. Ibyo bivuze ko umubiri wacu wubaka ingabo zatojwe by'umwihariko kuri buri rugamba.
None se ikizamini cya antibody gikora iki?
Biroroshye cyane. Ikizamini cy’uturemangingo gishakisha "abasirikare badasanzwe" (uturemangingo) mu maraso yawe. Icy'ingenzi ni uko iki kizamini kitareba umwanzi (virusi cyangwa bagiteri) , ahubwo gishakisha abasirikare umubiri wacu wubatse kugira ngo barwanye uwo mwanzi.
Dufate urugero rwa COVID-19. Iyo ukoze ikizamini cya antibody cya COVID-19, kigenzura niba mu maraso yawe harimo antibody zakozwe zirwanya virusi ya COVID-19.
- Niba ikizamini cyagaragaje ko ari icyawe: Bivuze ko wigeze kwandura virusi ya COVID-19, cyangwa ko wahawe urukingo rwa COVID-19.
- Niba ikizamini cyagaragaje ko ari kibi: Bivuze ko udafite izo antibodies mu mubiri wawe.
Icy'ingenzi: Ikizamini cy'umubiri urwanya indwara si ikizamini cyo gusuzuma niba ufite indwara isanzwe. Ibi biterwa nuko bishobora gufata ibyumweru byinshi kugira ngo umubiri urwanya indwara ushobore kugaragara. Kubwibyo, ibizamini nka PCR cyangwa Antigen bikoreshwa kugira ngo harebwe niba ufite iyi ndwara ubu.
Ni ryari iki kizamini cy’umubiri gikenewe?
Ikizamini cy’umubiri w’umuntu (antibody test) ni ingirakamaro mu bihe byinshi. Kikoreshwa mu gupima izindi ndwara nyinshi, atari COVID-19 gusa.
| Amahirwe | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Ku bijyanye na COVID-19 |
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| Gusuzuma izindi ndwara |
|
| Allergie | Ibipimo by’umubiri bikoreshwa kugira ngo harebwe niba umubiri wawe ufite ubwivumbure ku bintu bimwe na bimwe (allergens). Ariko rimwe na rimwe, cyane cyane ku biribwa, ibizamini bishobora gutanga ibisubizo bitari byo. Ibi bivuze ko nubwo ikizamini cyagaragaje ko ari cyiza, ushobora kuba udafite ubwivumbure kuri icyo kintu. |
Ese hari ubwoko bw'abasirikari b'umubiri barinda indwara?
Yego, hari ubwoko 5 bw'ingenzi bw'uturemangingo tw'umubiri mu mubiri wacu.
- Immunoglobulin A (IgA)
- Immunoglobulin D (IgD)
- Immunoglobulin E (IgE)
- Immunoglobulin G (IgG)
- Immunoglobulin M (IgM)
Buri kimwe muri ibi gifite inshingano zacyo, ariko iyo tuvuze ku ndwara zandura, twumva byinshi kuri IgM na IgG .
Mu magambo make, iyo indwara yinjiye mu mubiri, uturemangingo twa mbere dukora ni uturemangingo twa IgM . Izi ni zo ngabo za mbere zigiye ku rugamba. Zikorwa vuba kandi zikabura nyuma y'igihe runaka.
Hanyuma hari IgG.Utunyangingo tw’umubiri turakorwa. Utunyangingo ni two tuba mu mibiri yacu igihe kirekire, rimwe na rimwe tukamara amezi cyangwa imyaka, kandi tukibuka kandi tukarwanya umwanzi iyo agarutse. Bityo rero kugira utwangingo tw’umubiri twa IgG bivuze ko wigeze kugira ubwandu mbere kandi ukaba waragize urwego runaka rwo kuburinda.
Ese ikizamini cyanjye cy’umubiri kizaba cyaragaragaye ko gifite icyorezo ningira urukingo rwa COVID-19?
Yego, birashoboka. Kuko icyo urukingo rukora ni ukwigisha umubiri wacu gukora uturemangingo two kurwanya virusi. Kubera ko umubiri wawe ufite uturemangingo nyuma yo gukingirwa, niba ukoze ikizamini cy’uturemangingo, birashoboka ko uzasanga ari umwere.
Uburyo bwo gukora ikizamini no kwitegura
Ibi biroroshye cyane, nk'isuzuma ry'amaraso risanzwe.
- Kwitegura: Nta kwitegura kwihariye gukenewe kuri iki kizamini. Niba bishoboka, ambara imyenda y'amaboko magufi kugira ngo amaraso abashe gukururwa byoroshye.
- Mu gihe cyo gupima: Muganga cyangwa umuforomo azafata icyitegererezo gito cy'amaraso mu mutsi uri mu kuboko kwawe. Ushobora kumva urimo kuruma gato iyo ushyizemo urushinge, ariko ubusanzwe ntabwo bibabaza cyane. Hari igihe iki kizamini gishobora no gukorwa ufata amaraso make mu rutoki rwawe.
- Nyuma yo gupimwa: Hazashyirwa agapfuko gato ku gace kakuwemo amaraso. Gashobora gukurwaho nyuma y'amasaha make. Agace gashobora kumva gafite ibikomere bike, ibi bikaba ari ibisanzwe.
Iki ni ikizamini cyiza cyane. Ariko, hari abantu bashobora kumva bameze nk'abazunguza gato nyuma yo gutanga amaraso. Niba ufite akamenyero, bwira umuntu ufata amaraso mbere y'igihe.
Ibisubizo by'ibizamini bivuga iki?
Iyo ubonye ibisubizo byawe, uba ushaka kumenya neza icyo bivuze.
| Ibisubizo | Icyo bishobora gusobanura |
|---|---|
| Ibyiza | Ufite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri mu maraso yawe. Mu gihe cya COVID-19, ibi bishobora kuba biturutse ku bwandu bwabanje cyangwa ku rukingo. Ubusanzwe, iyo ubwandu bwari bukomeye, urugero rw'udukoko tw'umubiri rushobora kuba ruri hejuru. |
| Ububi | Ibi bishobora gusobanura ibintu byinshi:
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Icy'ingenzi cyane: Nubwo ikizamini cya antibody cyakwereka ko ufite antibody, ntabwo gihamya ko urinzwe neza indwara kandi ko utazongera kuyirwara (ubudahangarwa) . Cyane cyane ku ndwara nka COVID-19, hari amahirwe ko wongera kwandura nubwo waba ufite antibody. Kubwibyo, iki kizamini ntikigomba gufatwa nk'ingwate y'ubudahangarwa.
Niba ufite ikibazo ku bisubizo by'ibizamini byawe cyangwa ushaka kumenya neza icyo bisobanura, menya neza ko wavuganye na muganga wawe. Azagusobanurira.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Ikizamini cy’uturemangingo ntabwo kireba umugera wateye iyo ndwara, ahubwo kireba uturemangingo umubiri wakoze kugira ngo tuyirwanye.
- Ibi ntibishobora kukubwira niba ufite ubwandu bufatika. Hari ibindi bipimo nka PCR cyangwa Antigen bikoreshwa kuri ibyo.
- Mu bihe nka COVID-19, ibisubizo byiza bishobora kuboneka niba warigeze kugira iyi ndwara cyangwa warahawe urukingo.
- Nubwo igisubizo cyiza cyagaruka, ntabwo byavugwa neza 100% ko hari ubudahangarwa bwuzuye.
- Niba ufite ikibazo ku bisubizo by'ibizamini byawe, umuntu mwiza kandi ukwiye wo kuvugana na we ni muganga wawe.
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