Ese umuyoboro w'umutima wawe wafunzwe? Reka tuganire kuri (Aortic Stenosis)!

Ese hari igihe wumva ububabare mu gituza, guhumeka nabi, cyangwa kuzungera? Cyangwa wumva ucitse intege cyangwa uzungera? Ibi bishobora guterwa no kugabanuka k'umwe mu miyoboro y'ingenzi mu mutima wawe, umuyoboro w'amaraso. Abaganga babyita Aortic Stenosis. Iyo ibi bibaye, umutima ugorwa no kohereza amaraso mu mubiri wose. Umubiri ntubona ogisijeni ihagije. Iki si ikintu ushobora gutegereza, kuko gishobora kwangiza umutima, guteza ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima, ndetse rimwe na rimwe kikabangamira ubuzima.

None se iyi `(Aortic Stenosis)` ni iki?

Mu magambo make, umutima wacu umeze nk'inzu nto, ufite ibyumba bine. Hagati y'ibi byumba, aho amaraso asohoka mu mutima, hari ibice nk'inzugi. Tubyita ibi byuma by'umutima. Imwe muri izi byuma bine yitwa Aortic Valve. Iri ni ryo rembo rya nyuma amaraso ava mu mutima ajya mu bindi bice by'umubiri. Nk'umurinzi w'irembo, iri rembo ryemerera amaraso gutembera mu cyerekezo kimwe gusa kandi rikabuza gusubira mu mutima. Iyi Aortic Valve ifite uduce duto dutatu (udupapuro). Iyo utu duce tudafungutse neza kandi tugafunga cyangwa tugafungana, habaho indwara yitwa Aortic Stenosis.

Tekereza nk'umuyoboro w'amazi ufata hagati ugahura n'ingorane zo kuwukuramo. Ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite ubwoba gato iyo wumvise ikibazo kiri kuri uyu muryango. Ariko ubu hari uburyo bwinshi bugezweho bwo kuvura iyi ndwara , bityo nta mpamvu yo guhangayika.

Iyi ndwara (Aortic Stenosis) ikunze kugaragara gute?

Iyi ndwara yitwa `(Aortic Stenosis)` mu by’ukuri ikunze kugaragara mu bantu barengeje imyaka 65. Ariko ikibabaje ni uko abantu benshi batazi ko bafite iyi ndwara kugeza igihe ibimenyetso bikomeye. Hari igihe iboneka mu gihe cy’ibizamini byakorewe indi ndwara. Hari indwara zimwe na zimwe zishobora gutera iyi ndwara mu myaka yo hagati, hafi y’imyaka 40-50. Ni gake cyane, iyi `(Aortic Valve Stenosis)` ishobora no kugaragara ku bana bato nk'``indwara yo kuvukana``.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ibi?

Si abantu bose bafite Aortic Stenose bazabona ibimenyetso ako kanya. Hari abantu bashobora kumara imyaka myinshi batabona ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose. Ariko iyo indwara ikomeye cyane, ibimenyetso nk'ibi bishobora kugaragara:

• Kumva unaniwe cyane: Ushobora kumva unaniwe cyane ku buryo utashobora no gukora imirimo yawe isanzwe.
• Gutera ubwoba mu mutima: Ushobora kumva umutima wawe utera cyane, cyangwa ukumva utera vuba cyane, cyangwa igituza cyawe kikumva gisa n'aho kirimo gutera. Ibi tubyita "Palpitations".
• Kubyimba amaguru n'utubuto: Igice cyo hasi cy'amaguru no hafi y'utubuto gishobora kubyimba.
• Ububabare bwo mu gituza: Ibi ni byo byitwa `(Angina)`. Bishobora kumvikana nk'aho umuntu akandagira, afunganye, cyangwa aremereye mu gituza. Hari igihe ubu bubabare bushobora kugera mu ijosi, mu rwasaya, mu kuboko kw'ibumoso, cyangwa ndetse no ku ruhande rw'igifu.
• Guhumeka bigoranye: Ushobora kugira ingorane zo guhumeka, cyane cyane iyo unaniwe gato, cyangwa ndetse no mu gihe uri kuruhuka.
• Kuzungera, gucika intege: Ushobora kumva uzungera, amaso yawe ashobora guhinduka ubururu, ndetse ushobora no gucika intege.

Wibuke ko kuba ufite ibi bimenyetso bidasobanura ko ufite Aortic Stenosis. Ariko niba ukomeje kubyifatamo, ugomba kujya kwa muganga . Umuganga wawe w’ibanze ashobora kukwohereza kwa muganga w’indwara z’umutima.

Ni mu buhe buryo iyi ndwara ishobora gukomera vuba?

Ibi biratandukanye kuri buri wese. Kuri bamwe, iyi `(Aortic Valve Stenosis)` irushaho kuba mbi buhoro buhoro, uko imyaka igenda ihita. Ku bandi, ishobora kwiyongera vuba cyane, ndetse no mu mezi make. Icy'ingenzi ni uko, niba utinze kuvurwa, ushobora kudashobora gusana ibyangiritse ku mutima wawe. Niba ufite `(Aortic Stenosis)` ikomeye, hari ibyago byo gupfa mu mutima bitunguranye. Niyo mpamvu muganga wawe azakubwira ko udakwiye gutinda kuvurwa niba ufite ibimenyetso.

Kuki iyi `(Aortic Stenosis)` iba? Ni izihe mpamvu?

Hari impamvu eshatu z'ingenzi zituma abantu bakuru bagira Aortic Stenose:

1. Kwangirika kw'ibisaza: Iyi ni yo mpamvu ikunze kugaragara cyane. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, kimwe n'ingufu zikomoka ku miyoboro y'amazi, kalisiyumu ishobora kwiyongera mu muyoboro w'amaraso w'umutima wawe. Ibi bituma umuyoboro w'amaraso ubyimba kandi ugafunga, bigatuma udafungura cyangwa ngo ufunge neza. Ibi bikunze kubaho nyuma y'imyaka 65.

2. Kwangirika kw'indwara: Iyo zimwe mu ndwara za bagiteri zitavuwe neza, bagiteri zishobora kwinjira mu maraso zikajya mu miyoboro y'umutima. Ubudahangarwa bwacu bw'umubiri bushobora kwangiza izi miyoboro. Urugero, iyo indwara yo mu muhogo (Strep throat) cyangwa Scarlet fever itavuwe neza, indwara yitwa Rheumatic fever ishobora kuvuka ikangiza imiyoboro y'umutima. Iyi ndwara ishobora gufata imyaka myinshi, rimwe na rimwe ikanafata imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo, kugira ngo igaragare. Ibi bikunze kwibasira abantu barengeje imyaka 50.

3. Izindi ndwara z’uruhererekane cyangwa izidakira: Indwara zidasanzwe nka `(Indwara ya Paget y’amagufwa)` (indwara ifitanye isano n’amagufwa), impyiko (`Impyiko zinanirwa`) na `(Indwara ya cholesterol nyinshi ikomoka ku muryango)` (indwara y’uruhu rw’umurava) na zo zishobora gutera `(Aortic Valve Stenosis). Nanone, izi ngaruka ziba nyinshi ku bantu bafite indwara z’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri nka `(Lupus)` na `(Rheumatoid arthritis)`.

Ese hari ibindi bintu bishobora gutera ibi?

Yego, hari izindi mpamvu nyinshi zongera ibyago byo kurwara `(Aortic Valve Stenosis):`

• Kuba umugabo.
• Kuba afite imyaka irenga 65.
• Kolesterol yiyongera mu maraso (Hyperlipidemia).
• Kugira umuvuduko w'amaraso ukabije.
• Gukoresha ibikomoka ku itabi (nk'itabi, beedis).

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa n'iyi `(Aortic Stenosis)`?

Iyo ufite `(Aortic Stenosis)`, umutima ugomba gukora cyane kugira ngo unyure amaraso muri uwo mwenge muto. Ni nko kugerageza gukingura urugi rwafatiriwe. Iyo umutima ukora cyane muri ubu buryo, ushobora gucika intege uko igihe kigenda. Iyi niyo mpamvu:

• Indwara y'umutima
• Umutima unanirwa ( kudashobora kwinjiza amaraso ahagije mu mubiri)
• Urupfu rw'umutima rutunguranye
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso mu bihaha
• Kuva amaraso menshi cyane
• Ubwinshi bw'indwara mu gice cy'imbere cy'umutima (`Infectious endocarditis`)

Ingorane zikomeye zishobora kubaho.

Abaganga babimenya bate?

Niba ukeka ko ufite Aortic Stenosis, umuganga w’umutima azagusuzuma. Ubusanzwe iyo ndwara ipimwa hashingiwe ku bimenyetso byawe (niba bihari) hamwe n’ikizamini kimwe cyangwa byinshi bikurikira:

• Isuzuma ry'umubiri: Muganga azasuzuma amaguru yawe n'utuguru tw'amaguru kugira ngo arebe ko hari ibibyimba, hanyuma atege amatwi umutima wawe akoresheje stethoscope. Niba ufite stenosis y'imiyoboro y'amaraso, umutima uvuza induru ni ikimenyetso gisanzwe.
• Ikizamini cya ECG (`Electrocardiogram - ECG cyangwa EKG`): Iki gipimo cy'imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima.
• Gupima X-ray yo mu gituza, Angiography, cyangwa Cardiac CT scan: Ibi byose bikoresha X-ray cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo kureba imbere mu mubiri, cyane cyane umutima n'ibihaha.
• Echocardiogram: Iki ni cyo kizamini nyamukuru gikoreshwa mu gusuzuma stenosis y'umutima. Gikoresha imiraba ya ultrasound kugira ngo kirebe neza uko imiyoboro y'umutima ikora, niba yazibye, n'uko amaraso atemba.
• Gupima imihangayiko mu myitozo ngororamubiri: Bipima ibintu nk'uko umutima wawe ukora n'impinduka muri ECG yawe mu gihe wiruka kuri tennis cyangwa ugendera ku igare.
• Gushyiramo katheteri mu mutima: Muri ubu buryo, umuganga ashyiramo umuyoboro muto (catheter) mu mutsi uri mu kuboko cyangwa ku kuguru kwawe, akawushyira mu mutima wawe kugira ngo apime umuvuduko mu mitsi yawe arebe uburyo ifunganye.
• MRI y'umutima (Ishusho ya Magnetic Resonance): Imbaraga zikomeye za rukuruzi zishobora gukoreshwa mu gufata amashusho arambuye y'umutima.

Nyuma y'ibi bizamini, muganga wawe azashyira indwara yawe mu byiciro akurikije ibimenyetso byawe n'uburyo umuyoboro wawe w'amaraso wagabanutse. Ubusanzwe hari ibyiciro bine: A, B, C, na D, D ikaba ari yo ikomeye cyane.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura `(Aortic Stenosis)`?

Niba ufite `(Aortic Stenosis)` ariko nta bimenyetso, bivuze ko iyo ndwara idakabije cyane, muganga wawe azakubwira kuza kwisuzumisha buri gihe no gupimwa `(Echocardiogram)`. Ariko niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso, uzakenera kuvurwa. Hari uburyo bwinshi bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura:

• Imiti: Iyo indwara idakabije cyane, abaganga bashobora kuguha imiti yo kugenzura ibimenyetso. Iyi miti ishobora kuba irimo imiti igabanya amaraso, imiti igabanya ubukana bw'amaraso, n'imiti ivura indwara z'umutima, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, n'indwara z'umutima. Ariko ibuka ko imiti igenzura ibimenyetso gusa; ntishobora guhagarika uburyo bwo kugabanya ubukana bw'amaraso.
• Gusana valve: Ibi bishobora gukorwa binyuze mu kubaga cyangwa uburyo bwitwa balloon valvuloplasty.
• Gusana ubuvuzi (`kubaga aortic valve surgery`): Umuganga ubaga agukata mu gituza maze akajya mu mutima, akagabanya kuziba kw'imitsi, hanyuma akagusana.
• Uburyo bwo gupima valvuloplasty: Muri ubu buryo, agapira gafite umuyoboro muto (catheter) gashyirwa mu mutima gashyirwamo umwuka imbere mu gapira gafunganye, bigatuma agapira karushaho kwaguka. Ibi bishobora koroshya ibimenyetso by'igihe gito. Akenshi bikorwa ku bantu badashobora kubagwa mu buryo bwo gusimbuza valvu, cyangwa nk'uburyo bwo kuruhuka by'agateganyo mbere yo kubagwa.
• Gusimbuza valve: Iyo valve yangiritse cyane ku buryo idashobora gusanwa, izakenera gusimburwa. Hari uburyo butandukanye bwo kubikoresha:
• Kubaga valve y’imitsi yo mu bwonko: Valve yangiritse ikurwaho igasimbuzwa valve nshya. Iyi valve nshya ishobora kuba utanga umuntu (ubusanzwe utanga yapfuye), valve ya bioprosthetic (ubusanzwe inka cyangwa ingurube), cyangwa valve ya mechanical ikozwe mu cyuma.
• Uburyo bwa Ross: Ubu ni ukubagwa kwihariye. Muri ubu buryo, valve yawe y'ibihaha irafatwa igashyirwa aho valve ya aortic yari isanzwe iri. Hanyuma, valve y'umutanga ishyirwa aho valve y'ibihaha yari isanzwe iri.
• Gusimbuza Valve y'imitsi ya Transcatheter (TAVR cyangwa TAVI): Ubu ni bwo buryo bushya kandi bugezweho. Ni ukubaga gukomeye, bivuze ko valve ishobora gusimburwa idafunguye igituza. Umuyoboro muto (catheter) ushyirwa mu mutsi munini wo ku kuguru cyangwa ku kuboko, hanyuma valve ipfundikiye ikanyuzwa mu mutima, aho ishyirwa imbere muri valve y'imitsi ya aortic yafunze. Ibi bikunze gukorwa ku bantu bakuze badashobora kwihanganira kubagwa gukomeye.

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuntu akire nyuma y'ubu buryo bwo kuvura?

Ibi biratandukanye bitewe n'uburyo bwo kuvura bwakoreshejwe.

• Niba uri kubagwa:Bifata igihe kugira ngo ukire. Ubusanzwe ugomba kumara iminsi mike mu bitaro. Ndetse na nyuma yo gutaha, bishobora gufata ibyumweru bike, wenda ukwezi cyangwa abiri, mbere yuko ukira neza kandi ugashobora gukomeza imirimo yawe isanzwe.
• Niba warigeze kubagwa nka Balloon valvuloplasty cyangwa TAVR: Ubu buryo busaba igihe gito cyane cyo gukira. Hari igihe ushobora gutaha umunsi umwe cyangwa umunsi ukurikiyeho nyuma yo kubagwa. Ushobora gusubira mu buzima bwawe busanzwe mu minsi mike.

Ese hari uburyo bwo gukumira iterambere ry'iyi `(Aortic Stenosis)`?

Indwara ya Aortic Stenose ishobora kwirindwa kubera impamvu zimwe na zimwe. By'umwihariko, ni ingenzi cyane kuvura indwara za bagiteri vuba kandi neza. Urugero, niba ufite indwara yo mu muhogo, ugomba gufata imiti yica udukoko nk'uko muganga yabigutegetse. Si byiza kureka kuyifata kuko ububabare bwagabanutse. Kubikora bishobora gukumira umuriro wa rubagimpande no kwangiza imiyoboro y'umutima.

Ariko, akenshi biragoye kwirinda "Aortic Valve Stenosis", ishobora guterwa no gusaza, indwara z’uruhererekane, cyangwa zimwe mu ndwara zidakira. Ariko, gukurikiza ubuzima bwiza bw’umutima (indyo nziza, imyitozo ngororamubiri, no kwirinda kunywa itabi) bishobora gufasha mu kugenzura uko iyi ndwara irushaho kuba mbi.

Niba mfite `(Aortic Stenosis)`, ni iki nkwiye kwitega?

Ahazaza h'indwara yawe ya Aortic Stenosis, ni ukuvuga uko uzayikira, bizaterwa ahanini n'uburyo uzakira vuba kandi neza.

• Iyo itavuwe: Aortic Stenose, cyane cyane iyo ikomeye, ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. Abantu benshi ntibamara imyaka irenga mike bataravurwa.
• Ubuvuzi butinze: Iyo ubuvuzi butinze, ibisubizo biravangavanga. Biterwa nuko umutima wangiritse burundu. Uko wangiritse cyane, niko indwara irushaho kuba mbi. Uzakira ku rugero runaka, ariko biragoye kwitega gukira burundu.
• Iyo uvuwe vuba cyangwa vuba: Iyo uvuwe vuba kandi neza, icyizere cya `(Aortic Stenosis)` ni cyiza cyane. Uzakenera kujya kwisuzumisha buri gihe ukurikiranwe na muganga ubuzima bwawe bwose, ariko bitabaye ibyo ushobora gukomeza imirimo yawe isanzwe hafi ya yose ukabaho ubuzima bwiza.

Nitwara nte?

• Niba stenosis y'umutima wawe ikabije kandi nta bimenyetso ufite, icyo ukeneye gukora ni ukujya gupimwa umutima buri gihe no kubonana na muganga wawe.
• Niba ufite Aortic Valve Stenosis iringaniye, ushobora gukenera gukurikirana ibimenyetso byawe, gupimwa umutima buri gihe, kugabanya ibikorwa byawe (nk'uko muganga yabigutegetse), no gufata imiti imwe n'imwe.
• Niba ufite ikibazo gikomeye cyo gucika intege kw'imitsi yo mu bwonko, ugomba gukomeza kujya kwa muganga ndetse na nyuma yo gusana cyangwa gusimbuza imitsi yo mu bwonko. Hari imiti ishobora kuba ngombwa ko uyifata ubuzima bwawe bwose.
• Mu nzego zose, muganga wawe azakubwira kurya indyo irimo umunyu n'ibinure bike, no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe. Ariko ugomba kubaza muganga wawe urwego rw'imyitozo ngororamubiri rukubereye.

Ni ryari ngomba kubonana na muganga wanjye?

Waba warafashe icyemezo cyo kutajya kwivuza cyangwa utarahabwa ubuvuzi, ugomba guhita uvugana na muganga wawe niba hari kimwe muri ibi bikurikira kibayeho:

• Niba ikimenyetso gishya cya `(Aortic Stenosis)` kigaragara, cyangwa niba ibimenyetso bihari birushaho kwiyongera mu buryo butunguranye.
• Niba ibimenyetso byawe bitangiye kubangamira ubuzima bwawe bwa buri munsi.

Ni ryari nkwiye kujya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze (ER)?

Nyuma yo gutangira imiti mishya, jya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze niba hari kimwe muri ibi bikurikira kibaye:

• Niba ugize ingaruka mbi zitunguranye kandi zikomeye ziturutse ku muti (muganga wawe azakubwira ingaruka mbi zisaba ubuvuzi bwihuse).
• Niba unaniwe cyangwa ubuze ibitotsi kubera impamvu iyo ari yo yose, nta kibazo.
• Iyo ufashe imiti igabanya amaraso ukagwa, uba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kuva amaraso imbere mu mubiri - cyane cyane nyuma yo kugwa cyangwa ikindi gikomere.

Byaba nyuma yo kubagwa cyangwa kubagwa hakoreshejwe catheter, jya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze niba hari kimwe muri ibi bikurikira kibayeho:

• Niba icyuho cyawe gitukura, cyabyimbye, cyangwa gishyushye ugikozeho, ibi ni ibimenyetso by'ubwandu bukeneye kuvurwa vuba.
• Niba ufite ibimenyetso bikomeye bya Aortic Stenose, nko kugorwa no guhumeka, kubabara mu gatuza, umutima utera cyane, cyangwa gucika intege.
• Iyo ufashe imiti igabanya amaraso ukagwa, ni ku mpamvu imwe yavuzwe haruguru.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Iyo ugiye kwa muganga, ntugatinye kubaza ibibazo nk'ibi:

• Muganga, utekereza ko ibimenyetso byanjye bizarushaho kwiyongera?
• Ese ngomba gusimbuza valve?
• Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa valve bwiza kuri njye gusimbuza?
• Ni ryari igihe cyiza cyo kubagwa ari cyo?
• Ni ubuhe buryo bushya bwo kuvura ibi?

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo

Noneho rero, ubu usobanukiwe neza indwara twavuze yitwa `(Aortic Stenosis)`. Yego, biteye ubwoba cyane kugira igice cy'umutima wawe, ni ukuvuga irembo ry'ingenzi cyane, kidakora neza. Ariko, icy'ingenzi ni ukudatinya no gushaka inama kwa muganga vuba.

Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, cyangwa niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite indwara y'umutima, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga akagupima umutima.

Nubwo `(Aortic Stenosis)` ari indwara igoye, ubuvuzi bwateye imbere cyane muri iyi minsi. Hamwe no kubagwa no kuvurwa mu buryo bushya bushingiye kuri catheter nka `(TAVR)` twavuzeho, ubushobozi bwo kuyivura ntibwigeze buba bwiza kurushaho. Ntutinye rero. Niba umenye indwara hakiri kare kandi ukabona ubuvuzi bukwiye, ushobora kongera kubaho ubuzima bwiza kandi bwishimye. Wite ku mutima wawe, sibyo?

Stenose y'umutima, Umutima, Indwara z'umutima, Ububabare bwo mu gituza, Ubumuga bwo guhumeka, Kubagwa k'umutima, TAVR