Tuzi ko indwara ya Sickle Cell Disease atari indwara yoroshye guhangana nayo. Ushobora kwiyumvisha ukuntu bigoye kwihanganira ububabare n'ingorane biterwa n'iyi ndwara. Rero, uburyo bwonyine bwo gukira burundu iyi ndwara ni uguterwa umworera mu magufwa. Ariko iki si ikintu gishobora gukorwa icyarimwe. Niba urimo gutekereza kuri ubwo buryo bwo guterwa umworera cyangwa umwana wawe, reka tubiganireho mu buryo burambuye, mu buryo bworoshye.
Ni iki koko kirimo kuba muri ibi?
Mu magambo make, gutera umwongo w'amagufwa bikubiyemo gukuraho uturemangingo tw'umubiri wawe dukora uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura, twitwa hematopoietic stem cells, hanyuma ukadusimbuza uturemangingo tw'umubiri dufite ubuzima bwiza. Tekereza nko gukuraho uturemangingo tw'umubiri dufite inenge mu ruganda rw'umubiri wawe dukora amaraso hanyuma ukadusimbuza abakozi bazima bakora neza. Nyuma y'ibi, umubiri wawe uhagarika gukora uturemangingo tw'umuhoro dutera iyo ndwara.
Muri ubu buryo, abaganga bashyiramo uturemangingo tw’umubiri dufite ubuzima bwiza duturutse ku muntu muzima utanga amaraso binyuze mu muyoboro wa IV, ubusanzwe nk'umuti wa saline ushyirwa mu mitsi iri mu kuboko kwawe. Iyo ugeze mu mubiri wawe, utwo turemangingo tugenda mu buryo butaziguye tujya mu musokoro w'amagufwa yawe, aho dutura tugatangira gukora uturemangingo tw’amaraso dufite ubuzima bwiza.
Nubwo ibi bishobora kumvikana nk'ibyoroshye, gutera umwongo w'amagufwa ni igikorwa kirekire kandi kigoye gisaba kwitabwaho cyane. Bisaba amezi menshi yo kwitegura no gukurikirana.
Uko iyi gahunda ikomeye ibaho
Nyuma yo kubona umuterankunga ujyanye nawe, ugomba kumara ibyumweru bike mu bitaro. Nyuma yibyo, abaganga bazagukurikirana amezi menshi. Reka turebe uko ibi bikorwa intambwe ku yindi.
| Intambwe / Igihe | Ibisobanuro by'ibiri kuba |
|---|---|
| Intambwe ya 1: Gutegura mbere yo gutera umwana (ibyumweru 1-2) | Uzajya mu bitaro ibyumweru bibiri mbere yo guterwa inshinge. Aha uzahabwa imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara.Haratangwa ubuvuzi. Iyi miti ikomeye isenya uturemangingo tw’umusemburo mu mubiri wawe dukora utwo turemangingo tw’amaraso dufite inenge. Inaca intege ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri wawe. Ibi ibikora kugira ngo ibubuze kwibasira no kwanga uturemangingo dushya twatewe. Hari igihe na none hashobora gutangwa ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire. |
| Intambwe ya 2: Kora itera ry'inyama (umunsi umwe) | Hanyuma, abaganga bashyira uturemangingo tuzima twavuye ku muntu utanga amaraso mu mubiri wawe binyuze mu muyoboro wa IV. Utwo turemangingo tuzasimbura umwongo w'amagufwa wa kera maze dutangire gukora amaraso meza. |
| Intambwe ya 3: Gukira nyuma yo guterwa inshinge (ukwezi 1 kugeza ku mezi 6-12) | Uzakenera kuguma mu bitaro mu gihe cy'ukwezi nyuma yo guterwa inshinge. Muri iki gihe, itsinda ry'abaganga rizakora ibizamini buri gihe kugira ngo barebe neza ko ingirabuzimafatizo nshya zikora neza. Iyo byemejwe ko guterwa inshinge byagenze neza kandi ingirabuzimafatizo nshya zarafashe iya mbere, uzabasha kuva mu bitaro. Ariko, bishobora gufata amezi 6 kugeza kuri 12 cyangwa arenga kugira ngo ingirabuzimafatizo z'amaraso yawe n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe bikire neza. Muri iki gihe, muganga wawe azaba akurikiranira hafi ubuzima bwawe. |
Ni gute wabona umuterankunga ukwiye?
Abantu bemerewe guterwa umwongo w'amagufwa akenshi ni abafite ibibazo bikomeye cyangwa bafite ububabare bukabije buterwa n'indwara ya sickle cell. Muganga wawe azabanza arebe neza ko ufite ubuzima bwiza buhagije bwo kubagwa. Uzakenera kandi kuvugana n'inzobere mu by'imitekerereze cyangwa umukozi ushinzwe imibereho myiza kugira ngo arebe neza ko witeguye mu mutwe iki gikorwa kirekire.
Imwe mu mbogamizi zikomeye muri iki gikorwa ni ukubona umuterankunga uhuye neza n'umusemburo wawe.
- Abavandimwe: Ibipimo by'amaraso bishobora kugaragaza niba umwongo w'amagufwa wa musaza wawe, mushiki wawe, cyangwa umubyeyi wawe ari uwo mu bwoko bumwe. Hagati ya 20% na 30% by'abana bakeneye guterwa umwongo bafite musaza wabo cyangwa mushiki wabo ufite umwongo w'amagufwa uhuye.
- Inzu z'Igihugu zo Kwandikamo: Hari ububiko bw'igihugu bw'abantu bitanze kugira ngo batange umworo w'amagufwa. Ushobora kandi kugerageza kubona uwo bahuza nawe binyuze muri zo.
- Amaraso y'inkondo y'umura: Niba ufite amaraso y'inkondo y'umura yabitswe nyuma y'uko umwana wawe avutse, uturemangingo tw'umura turimo na two dushobora gukoreshwa muri urwo rwego.
Ni izihe ngaruka mbi zishobora guterwa n'ibi?
Nk’uko bigenda mu kubagwa gukomeye kose, gutera umwongo w’amagufwa bifite ingaruka zimwe na zimwe ndetse n’ingorane zimwe na zimwe. Ni ngombwa kubimenya mbere y’igihe.
| Ingaruka | Ibisobanuro n'ibyo ugomba kumenya |
|---|---|
| Kwangwa | Ibi byitwa Indwara ya Graft-versus-Host (GVHD) . Ibi bivuze ko uturemangingo tuzima twakuwemo dutangira kwibasira ingingo zawe bwite. Iyi ndwara ishobora gufata umuntu umwe kuri icumi. Hariho imiti yo kuyirwanya, ariko rimwe na rimwe iyo imiti idakora, ishobora kwangiza ingingo ndetse no gupfa. |
| Indwara zandurira mu mubiri | Kubera ko imiti itangwa mbere yo gutera uturemangingo igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, ushobora kwandura byoroshye indwara ziterwa na bagiteri na virusi. Muganga wawe azaguha imiti yo kwirinda ibi. |
| Ibibazo by'imirire | Ubwinshi bw'imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara za chimiotherapie bushobora gutera ingaruka mbi nko kubura ubushake bwo kurya, kuruka, no gucibwamo, ibyo bikaba byatera ibibazo by'imirire. |
| Kwangirika k'umwijima | Imitsi y'amaraso mu mwijima ishobora kwangirika. Ibi byitwa Indwara yo kwibasira imitsi . Hafi umuntu umwe kuri makumyabiri ashobora guhura n'iki kibazo gikomeye. |
| Ubugumba | Akenshi, imiti itangwa mbere yo gutera urubyaro ishobora gutera ubugumba. Iki ni ikibazo gikomeye, bityo rero ganira na muganga wawe mbere y'igihe kandi umenye amahitamo yawe. |
Bite se niba gutera urubyaro bitagenze neza?
Hamwe n'ibi byose, tugomba kwiringira ibyiza. Mu bantu bagera ku icyenda kuri icumi , gutera uturemangingo biragenda neza, uturemangingo tw'amaraso tuzima dutangira kubaho, kandi indwara ya sickle cell irakira burundu. Iyo ni yo nkuru nziza.
Ariko, mu bihe bidasanzwe, iyo gutera uturemangingo binaniranye, abaganga bashobora gusubiramo icyo gikorwa. Cyangwa bashobora kongera gutera uturemangingo twawe twa kera mu mubiri wawe. Ibyo nibibaho, indwara ya sickle cell izagaruka.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Uburyo bwonyine bwo gukira burundu indwara ya sickle cell ni ugutera umwongo w'amagufwa.
- Iyi ni inzira igoye ikubiyemo imiti ivura indwara ya chimiotherapie, kumara igihe kirekire mu bitaro, no gukira amezi menshi.
- Ikibazo gikomeye muri iki gikorwa ni ukubona umuterankunga ukubereye.
- Hari ingaruka zikomeye zijyanye n'ubu buryo, nko kwandura indwara ya GVHD, kwandura indwara, no gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kubyara. Ariko uburyo bwinshi bwo guteramo inshinge bugira ingaruka nziza.
- Ni ngombwa kuganira ku byiza n'ibibi byose mu buryo bwimbitse kandi bweruye na muganga wawe mbere yo gufata icyemezo niba ubu ari bwo buryo bwiza bwo kuvura kuri wowe cyangwa umwana wawe.
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