Wigeze wumva amibe irya ubwonko? (Amibe irya ubwonko - Naegleria fowleri) - Reka tuvuge kuri iyi ndwara iteje akaga!

Ushobora kuba warumvise indwara zimwe na zimwe ziteje akaga cyane. Muri zo, imwe yitwa "Brain-Eating Amoeba" igutera ubwoba, si byo se? Nubwo izina riteye ubwoba, iyi ni indwara idakunze kugaragara . Ariko, ni ngombwa kubimenya, kuko hari ibyo dushobora gukora kugira ngo twirinde. None rero uyu munsi, reka tuvuge kuri iyi amoeba yitwa `Naegleria fowleri` n'indwara ikomeye itera yitwa `Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM)`.

Iyi amibe yitwa `Naegleria fowleri` ni iki?

Mu magambo make, `Naegleria fowleri` ni akanyabuzima gato gafite akaremangingo kamwe, kimwe n'akaremangingo twize ku ishuri. Dushobora kugasanga ku isi yose, cyane cyane mu mazi ashyushye kandi adashyushye (urugero, ibiyaga, imigezi, amasoko ashyushye). Hari igihe gashobora no kuba mu butaka. Ikintu kidasanzwe ni uko aka karemangingo kadakeneye indi nyamaswa (icumbi) kugira ngo kabeho, gashobora kubaho konyine mu bidukikije.

Ariko, iyo iyi amibe yanduje abantu, itera indwara yitwa `Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM).` Iyi ni indwara ikomeye cyane igira ingaruka ku mitsi yo hagati . Mu by'ukuri, ishobora kwica.

Ibuka: Hari aho ushobora kubona "ameba" yanditswe aho kwandika "amoeba" na "amebic" yanditswe aho kwandika "amoeba." Uko byagenda kose, ibi byose bivuga ku kinyabuzima kimwe gifite akaremangingo kamwe.

Iyi amibe yinjira mu mibiri yacu ite?

Iki ni ikibazo abantu benshi bibaza. Uburyo nyamukuru iyi amoeba ya `Naegleria fowleri` yinjira mu mibiri yacu ni ukunyura mu mazuru, mu mazi yanduye . Tekereza ko uri koga, wibira, cyangwa ukina mu mazi ku munsi ushyushye mu kiyaga, mu ruzi, cyangwa mu kidendezi kitarimo chlorine neza. Muri icyo gihe, niba amazi arimo iyi amoeba yinjira mu mazuru yawe, azahita agera mu bwonko bwawe.

Ariko, ni ngombwa kandi kumenya ibi:

• Iyi ndwara ntiterwa no kunywa amazi yanduye. Iyo amibe yinjiye mu gifu, ntishobora kugera mu bwonko.
• Ibi bishobora no kubaho gake cyane iyo ukoresheje amazi yo mu robine (cyane cyane amazi ashyushye, atari meza cyane) kugira ngo woze izuru.

Ubu bwandu bukunze kugaragara gute?

Ku bw'amahirwe, iyi ndwara ya `Naegleria fowleri` ni gake cyane . Urugero, ndetse no muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, ni bake gusa bandura buri mwaka (hagati ya 0 na 8). Bakunze kugaragara cyane muri leta zo mu majyepfo, aho ikirere kiba gishyushye, kandi bakunze kugaragara cyane mu ngabo nto.

Ariko, vuba aha, bitewe n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, izi ndwara zagaragaye ndetse no muri zimwe mu ntara zo mu majyaruguru mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ibi bigaragaza ko kwiyongera k’ubushyuhe mu bidukikije bishobora kuba ari byo bitera ibi.

Ikindi kintu ni uko hari ubushakashatsi bwibaza uburyo iyi ndwara idakunze kugaragara. Kubera ko hari abantu bafite uturemangingo dutera iyi amibe mu maraso yabo. Ibi bivuze ko bashobora kuba barayirwaye bagakira batabizi. Nanone, impfu zimwe na zimwe zashyizwe mu cyiciro cya meningite zaje kongera gushyirwa mu cyiciro cy’impfu zikomoka kuri iyi ndwara ya ``Naegleria fowleri``.

Ikindi kintu cyo gutekerezaho ni impamvu, mu itsinda ry'abantu bakinnye ahantu hamwe kandi mu buryo bumwe, bamwe gusa ari bo bandura ubu bwandu. Kuki abandi batabwitabira? Ibi biracyakorerwa ubushakashatsi.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'iyi ndwara?

Ibimenyetso bya `Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM)` bishobora kugaragara mu buryo butunguranye, kandi bikaba bikomeye cyane kuva mu ntangiriro . Ibimenyetso by'ingenzi ni ibi bikurikira:

• Umuriro mwinshi
• Umutwe ukabije cyane (ibi ntabwo ari nk'umutwe usanzwe)
• Isesemi no kuruka
• Guhinda umushyitsi
• Ibimenyetso bya Meningite: Nk'umuriro wo mu bwonko, ijosi rikomeye, ubwivumbure
• Urujijo rwo mu mutwe (imvugo idasobanutse, kubura aho ureba)
• Amaherezo, habaho koma , bivuze kubura ubwenge.

Ibi birababaje kubimenya, ariko ni ukuri: Nubwo habayeho kuvurwa, igipimo cy'impfu zikomoka kuri iyi ndwara kiri hejuru ya 97%.

Ni iyihe mpamvu y'ubu bwandu?

Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, iyi ndwara ibaho iyo amibe yitwa `Naegleria fowleri` yinjiye mu bwonko inyuze mu mwobo w'izuru . Ibi bibaho iyo amazi yanduye ahumekewe mu mazuru. Iyi amibe ikunze kuba mu bigega bishyushye by'amazi meza n'amazi ashyushye.

Ni gake cyane byagaragaye ko ibi bishobora no guterwa no guhumeka ivumbi ryanduye.

Hari izindi ndwara nyinshi zagaragaye aho abantu banduye bakoresheje amazi ya robine aho gukoresha amazi yaciwe cyangwa yasizwe imiti isukuye mu bikoresho nka neti pots, zikoreshwa mu koza izuru.

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo ibimenyetso bigaragare? (Igihe cyo Gutera Incubation)

Bishobora gufata iminsi ibiri kugeza kuri cumi n'itanu kugira ngo amibe yinjire mu mubiri kandi ibimenyetso bigaragare. Iki gihe gishobora gutandukana gato bitewe n'umuntu ku wundi.

Ese ibi byandurira umuntu ku wundi?

Oya. Iyi ndwara ntabwo iraboneka kuva ku muntu umwe ijya ku wundi. Ibi bivuze ko udashobora kuyirwara ukozeho cyangwa uganira n'umuntu uyirwaye. Ariko, ubushakashatsi buracyakomeje kugira ngo harebwe niba ishobora kwanduzwa binyuze mu gutanga ingingo cyangwa se gutanga ingingo.

Iyi ndwara ipimwa ite?

Niba umuganga agubonye, ​​akakubaza ibimenyetso byawe, akanakubaza niba uherutse koga muri pisine ishyushye y'amazi meza, kandi agakeka ko ushobora kuba ufite ubwandu bwa Naegleria fowleri, bazakugira inama yo gupima.

• Gufata umugongo/Urubozo rwo mu gituza: Muri ibi, hafatwa icyitegererezo cy'amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF) hanyuma kigapimwa niba hari iyi amibe.
• Isuzuma ry’ubwonko: Hari igihe umuntu ashobora gufata agace gato k’umubiri wo mu bwonko agasuzumwa hifashishijwe mikorosikopi kugira ngo hemezwe ko amibe ihari.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?

Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura indwara ya Meningoencephalitis y'ibanze ya Amoebic (PAM), cyangwa indwara ya Naegleria fowleri, ni umuti urwanya udukoko wa amphotericin B. Bamwe mu barokotse iyi ndwara muri Amerika ya Ruguru bahawe amphotericin B hamwe na rifampin, fluconazole, na miltefosine. Miltefosine ni umuti ukoreshwa mu kuvura leishmaniasis, indwara iterwa n'udukoko two mu mucanga.

Ibisubizo byiza cyane (ku bana babiri bakize burundu) byabonetse binyuze mu gusuzuma indwara hakiri kare, gutanga imiti yatanzwe, no kugabanya ubushyuhe bw'umubiri munsi y'ubusanzwe kugira ngo hagerwe kubyimba mu bwonko. Rero, igihe ni ingenzi cyane.

Ni gute twakwirinda ibi?

Bitewe n'uburemere bw'iyi ndwara, nubwo idakunze kugaragara, ni ngombwa gufata ingamba zo kwirinda. Dore ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka:

• Irinde koga, kugenda mu mazi no gukina mu mazi mu mazi ashyushye y’amazi meza (cyane cyane ayo afite amazi adatemba). Niba ari ngombwa, koresha utuzingo tw’izuru kugira ngo wirinde ko amazi yinjira mu mazuru yawe. Irinde koga ahantu hazwiho kwanduzwa na Naegleria fowleri.
• Ntugakoreshe amazi yo mu robine mu kuhira amazuru (nk'inkono ya neti). Koresha amazi yahinduwe cyangwa yasizwe imiti isukuye. Niba ugomba gukoresha amazi yo mu robine mu buryo busanzwe, teka umunota umwe, hanyuma uzimye umuriro . Niba utuye ahantu harehare cyane uvuye ku nyanja, teka amazi mu gihe cy'iminota itatu.
• Ushobora gukoresha utuyungurura twabugenewe kugira ngo ukure mikorobe mu mazi. Shaka utuyungurura twanditseho "NSF 53," "NSF 58," cyangwa "ingano y'umwobo w'amazi wa mikorobe 1 cyangwa muto."
• Ushobora kandi gukoresha amazi ya chlorine cyangwa ibinini kugira ngo wica udukoko mu mazi akoreshwa mu gusukura izuru ryawe no mu mazuru yawe. Ariko, ingano ya bleach ikenewe mu gusukura amazi akoreshwa mu kuhira amazuru itandukanye n'ingano ikoreshwa mu gusukura amazi yo kunywa. Menya neza ko ubimenye mbere yo kuyikoresha.
• Niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso nk'umuriro n'umutwe nyuma yo koga mu mazi ashyushye yo mu mazi meza, bwira muganga ako kanya umubwire aho wagiye.

Ni iki giteganyijwe niba iyi ndwara igaragaye?

Mu by’ukuri, amahirwe yo gukira indwara ya Naegleria fowleri ni make cyane . Nubwo umuntu yavurwa, abantu benshi bapfa bazize iyo ndwara. Urupfu rushobora kubaho mu cyumweru kimwe cyangwa iminsi icumi nyuma y’ibimenyetso, ariko umuntu akaba yapfa mu cyumweru kimwe cyangwa iminsi icumi.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?

Niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso nk'umuriro cyangwa umutwe nyuma yo koga muri pisine ishyushye cyangwa gusukura izuru ukoresheje amazi yo mu robine, gana muganga cyangwa ujye mu cyumba cyita ku barwayi b'ingorabahizi ako kanya. Mu gihe ufite ubwandu bwa `Naegleria fowleri`, gusuzuma no kuvurwa hakiri kare bishobora kuba ingenzi cyane mu kurokora ubuzima bwawe.

Birumvikana ko ugira ubwoba iyo wumvise iby’iyi amibe irya ubwonko kandi ukamenya uburyo ishobora guteza akaga. Niba utekereza ko ushobora kuba warigeze guhura n’iyi amibe, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga vuba. Ariko, ni ngombwa kwibuka ko iyi ari indwara idasanzwe . Ushobora kwirinda ukoresha amazi yaciwe cyangwa yasizwe imiti isukuye kugira ngo woze amazuru yawe, kandi ukirinda amazi ukeka ko yanduye (cyane cyane mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe).

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane - Incamake (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Rero, ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka mu byo twavuze ni ibi bikurikira:

• `Naegleria fowleri` ni amibe ishobora kuba mu mazi meza ashyushye kandi itera indwara idasanzwe ariko yica ubwonko.
• Ubwandu buterwa ahanini n'amazi yanduye yinjira mu bwonko anyuze mu mazuru. Ntiyanduzwa no kunywa amazi.
• Ibimenyetso (umuriro mwinshi, kuribwa umutwe cyane, kuruka, ijosi rigakomera) bigaragara mu buryo butunguranye kandi bikarushaho kwiyongera vuba.
• Ni byiza kugira umutekano:
• Irinde koga mu mazi ashyushye kandi adatemba, cyangwa ukoreshe udukingirizo tw'izuru.
• Koresha amazi yaciwe cyangwa abira kugira ngo woze izuru ryawe.
• Niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso nk'umuriro n'umutwe nyuma yo kwiyuhagira bishyushye, shaka ubufasha kwa muganga byihutirwa.

Ndizera ko aya makuru azaba ingirakamaro kuri wewe. Komeza ugire ubuzima bwiza!

Naegleria fowleri, amibe irya ubwonko, meningoencephalitis y’ibanze ya amibe, PAM, amibe, kwandura ubwonko, indwara ziterwa n’amazi mabi