Ese uzi uyu mwicanyi utagira icyo avuga? Byose ku bijyanye n'uburozi bwa Carbon Monoxide

Ese rimwe na rimwe wumva uzumva, urwaye umutwe, cyangwa wumva ushaka kuruka nta mpamvu? Ese ujya ubyumva kenshi iyo uri mu modoka, ahantu hari moteri, cyangwa mu gikoni kirimo umwotsi? Nubwo dukunze gutekereza ko ibi bintu ari ibisanzwe, uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku rupfu ruteje akaga kandi rudasobanutse rwihishe inyuma y'ibi. Ubwo ni uburozi bwa monoxyde de carbone.

Monoxide de carbone ni iki mu by'ukuri?

Muri make, monoxyde de carbone ni umwuka w’uburozi utagira impumuro, ibara, cyangwa uburyohe . Ikintu kibi cyane kuri wo ni uko tutawumva mu bidukikije dukoresheje ibyumviro byacu bitanu. Uyu mwuka ukorwa iyo ibicanwa byose, nka lisansi, mazutu, inkwi, amakara, cyangwa peteroli, bitatwitswe burundu.

Tekereza ku tunyangingo dutukura tw’amaraso mu maraso yacu. Akazi kabo gakomeye ni ugutwara umwuka wa ogisijeni uza mu bihaha byacu iyo duhumeka, ukawujyana mu mubiri wacu wose, cyane cyane mu bwonko no mu mutima. Ariko iyo duhumeka umwuka wa ogisijeni karubone, uba nk'inshuti mbi, ugahuzwa n'utunyangingo dutukura tw’amaraso mbere y’umwuka wa ogisijeni. Icyaba gihari ni uko ingingo z’ingenzi mu mubiri wacu zibura umwuka wa ogisijeni zikeneye. Ibi ni byo twita uburozi bwa monokiside karubone. Ibi bishobora kwangiza bikomeye cyangwa ndetse no gupfa.

Ese monoksode karubone (CO) na dioxyde karubone (CO2) ni bibiri?

Yego, ibi byombi ni ubwoko bubiri bw'imyuka. Abantu benshi bavanga ibi byombi. Reka dusobanukirwe neza iri tandukaniro.

Ni gute iyi myuka ihumanya yinjira mu mibiri yacu?

Mu bice bifite umwuka mwiza, monoxyde de carbone si ikibazo gikomeye. Ariko, mu bice bidafite umwuka mwiza kandi bifunze, iyi gazi ishobora kwirundanya ikagera ku rugero ruteje akaga mu minota mike.

Ahantu hateje akaga mu rugo no mu nzu

• Garage zifunze: Ntugasige imodoka irimo gukora , kabone n'iyo umuryango wa garage waba ufunguye. Imyuka iva mu modoka ishobora kwinjira mu nzu.
• Amashyiga ya gazi n'ibikoresho: Amashyiga ya gazi adakozwe neza, ibyuma byumisha imyenda bikoresha gazi, n'ibikoresho bishyushya amazi.
• Amashyiga y'inkwi n'amavuta: Amashyiga y'inkwi afite imiyoboro idasukuye neza, bigatuma umwotsi winjira mu nzu.
• Generators: Ni bibi cyane kugira generator mu nzu, kuri balkoni, cyangwa hafi y'idirishya, ikoreshwa mu gihe cy'ibura ry'amashanyarazi.
• Inkongi: Iyo hari inkongi mu nzu, uburozi bwa CO bushobora guterwa no guhumeka umwotsi.

Ingaruka zo hanze

• Grill zo mu bwoko bwa BBQ: Irinde kuzikoresha mu nzu cyangwa ahantu hafunze.
• Ibikoresho byo gutembera: Gukoresha ishyiga cyangwa icyuma gishyushya imbere mu ihema.
• Imodoka: Iyo utwaye imodoka ifunguye, umwotsi ushobora kwinjira mu modoka. Rero, twara imodoka ifunguye amadirishya.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ubu burozi?

Iyo ubonye umwuka wa carbon monoxide mwinshi mu mubiri wawe, ushobora gukura umwuka wa oxygen mu maraso yawe. Ibi bishobora gutera ibimenyetso nk'ibi iyo umutima wawe n'ubwonko bitabonye umwuka wa oxygen uhagije:

• Kuribwa umutwe cyane nta mpamvu
• Kuzungera no kwitiranya ibintu
• Isesemi cyangwa kuruka
• Guhumeka bigoranye
• Kubabara mu gatuza
• Kureba nabi
• Gutakaza ubwenge

Uyu mwuka ni mubi cyane ku bagore batwite, abana bato, abageze mu zabukuru, ndetse n'abafite ibibazo by'ubuhumekero nk'indwara z'umutima cyangwa asima . Ndetse n'urugero ruri hasi ugereranije n'urw'umuntu usanzwe rushobora kubagiraho ingaruka.

Ingaruka z'igihe kirekire ni izihe?

Iyo uburozi bwa CO budavuwe vuba, bushobora gutera ibibazo by'ubuzima by'igihe kirekire, birimo:

• Kwangirika k'ubwonko burundu
• Gutakaza kwibuka
• Indwara z'umutima
• Indwara z'imitsi nk'indwara ya Parkinson

Wakora iki niba ukeka ko hari umuntu ufite uburozi bwa CO? (Ubufasha bw'ibanze)

Iki ni ikibazo cyihutirwa! Ntugatinye kandi ukurikize izi ntambwe.

1. Hindura ujye mu mwuka mwiza ako kanya/wimure umurwayi: Va aho hantu ako kanya. Fungura amadirishya n'inzugi. Niba bishoboka, zimya neza isoko y'imyuka ihumanya (urugero: moteri, imodoka).

2. Shaka ubufasha bwihuse bwa muganga: Jyana umurwayi mu ishami rishinzwe ubuvuzi bwihutirwa (ETU) ry’ibitaro biri hafi yawe vuba bishoboka. Niba bibaye ngombwa, hamagara Serivisi y’Imbangukiragutabara ya Suwaseriya yo mu 1990.

3. Shaka inama: Niba ukeneye izindi nama kuri ibi, hamagara Ikigo cy'Igihugu gishinzwe gutanga amakuru ku burozi giherereye mu bitaro by'igihugu bya Colombo .

4. Tangira CPR (niba ari ngombwa gusa): Niba umurwayi atazi kandi guhumeka byarahagaze cyangwa ntameze neza, niba warahuguwe, tangira gukora CPR kugeza igihe ubufasha bwa muganga buzaba bugeze.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura buboneka mu bitaro?

Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura uburozi bwa monoxide ya karubone ni ogisijeni 100% gusa .

• Ku burozi rusange: Ogisijeni nyinshi itangwa binyuze mu gapfukamunwa.
• Ku burozi bukomeye: Hari ubwo umurwayi ashyirwa mu cyumba cyihariye afite umuvuduko mwinshi (Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy) agahabwa ogisijeni. Ibi bituma ogisijeni yinjira mu maraso vuba.

Muganga wawe azagupima amaraso (`Carboxyhemoglobin` test) kugira ngo apime ingano ya CO iri mu maraso kandi amenye uburyo bukenewe bwo kuvura.

Ni gute wahunga aka kaga?

Kwirinda buri gihe ni byiza kuruta kwivuza. Ukurikije ibi bintu byoroheje, ushobora kwikingira wowe ubwawe n'umuryango wawe.

Gusana ibikoresho

• Buri mwaka, umuhanga mu by'ikoranabuhanga agomba kugenzura ishyiga rya gazi, icyuma gishyushya amazi, n'igikoresho icyo ari cyo cyose gikoresha lisansi.
• Niba ufite ifuru ikoresha inkwi, jya ugenzura buri gihe ko nta miyoboro ifite aho ifunganye kandi uyisukure.

Imashini zitanga moteri n'ibikoresho byo hanze

• Ntuzigere ukoresha moteri zitanga umuriro mu gihe cy'ubutabazi bw'ibanze muri gareji cyangwa mu cyumba cyo munsi y'ubutaka. Zishyire hanze, nibura metero 20 uvuye ku madirishya n'inzugi.
• Ibintu nk'ibiryo byo guteka barbecue n'amashyiga yo guteka mu nkambi bigomba gukoreshwa hanze gusa.

Wite ku binyabiziga.

• Reba sisitemu yo gusohora umwuka (silencer) y'imodoka yawe kugira ngo irebe niba hari aho amazi aturuka nibura rimwe mu mwaka.
• Ntugasige imodoka iri mu igaraje iri ku nzu yawe. Nubwo urugi rwa garaje rwaba rufunguye, umwotsi ushobora kwinjira mu nzu.

Igikoresho cyo gupima monoxide ya karuboni

Nubwo ibi bidakunze kugaragara cyane mu gihugu cyacu, ni igikoresho cy'agaciro gakomeye gishobora kurokora ubuzima bw'abantu. Ni nk'inkongi y'umuriro, niba urugero rwa CO mu kirere rwiyongereye, ruzumva ijwi rikomeye kandi rukatuburira. Urashobora kubigura mu maduka acuruza ibikoresho. Ushobora kurinda umutekano ushyiramo kimwe, cyane cyane hafi y'ibyumba byo kuraramo no kuri buri gorofa y'inzu.