Umutima utera nabi? Reka tuvuge ku kuvura CRT (Ubuvuzi bwo kongera guhuza umutima)

Tekereza umutima wawe nk'itsinda ry'umuziki. Iyo buri wese akora mu ijwi rimwe, icyarimwe, umuziki mwiza uravumburwa. Ariko rimwe na rimwe, cyane cyane iyo hari indwara nk'umutima unaniwe, ibyumba bibiri byo hasi by'umutima, ari byo byuma binini, bitangira gukorana mu buryo bunyuranye, bitajyanye. Iyo kimwe gikubita, ikindi ntigikubita, kandi iyo ikindi gikubita, ntabwo gikubita. Iyo ibyumba bibiri by'umutima bicitsemo ibice, umutima ntushobora gupompa amaraso neza. Icyo gihe ni bwo uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura bwitwa Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy, cyangwa CRT mu magambo ahinnye, budufasha.

Mu magambo make, iyi CRT ni iki?

CRT ni uburyo bwo kuvura busubiza umutima mu buryo busanzwe. Nanone bwitwa Biventricular Pacing. "Biventricular" bisobanura "ibyumba byombi." Ibi bivuze ko ubu buryo butuma ibyumba bibiri byo hasi (ventricles) by'umutima biterana icyarimwe. Kugira ngo ibi bishoboke, muganga wawe azagushyiramo agakoresho gato munsi y'uruhu rw'igituza cyawe.

Ibi bitandukanye gato n'icyuma gisanzwe gipima umutima. Igikoresho gisanzwe gipima umutima gifite insinga imwe cyangwa ebyiri. Ariko iki gikoresho cya CRT gifite insinga eshatu . Izi nsinga eshatu zihujwe n'ahantu hatatu mu mutima.

• Insinga imwe ijya mu cyumba cyo hejuru cy'umutima (atrium y'iburyo)
• Insinga ya kabiri ijya mu cyumba cyo hasi cy'iburyo cy'umutima (ventricle y'iburyo).
• Insinga ya gatatu ijya mu cyumba cyo hasi cy'ibumoso cy'umutima (ventricle y'ibumoso).

Izi nsinga eshatu zohereza ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi bito cyane, bigatuma ibyumba by'umutima bikorana, icyarimwe. Ni nk'umuyobozi wicaye imbere y'itsinda ry'abaririmbyi kandi agaha buri wese ikimenyetso cyo gucuranga hamwe. Ibi byongera cyane ubushobozi bwo gukompa umutima.

Ni nde mu by'ukuri ukeneye ubu buvuzi bwa CRT?

Ubu buryo bwo kuvura si ubwa buri wese. Muganga wawe azasuzuma ibintu byinshi mbere yo kukugira inama.

• Imiterere y'indwara y'umutima: Igenzura niba ufite ikibazo cy'umutima kiri hagati cyangwa gikomeye.
• Kuvura imiti: Nubwo wakoresheje imiti myiza ivura indwara y'umutima, ibimenyetso (guhumeka nabi, umunaniro) biragaragara.
• Ibibazo by'umutima: Ikizamini cya ECG gisuzuma niba hari igihe ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi bitinze mu kohereza ibimenyetso mu mutima wawe. Ibi bikunze kwitabwaho, cyane cyane ku bantu bafite indwara nka Left Bundle Branch Block .
• Imbaraga zo gukompa umutima:Isuzuma rya echocardiogram (gupima umutima) rizasuzuma niba ubushobozi bw'umutima wawe bwo gusohora amaraso (igice cyo gusohora amaraso) buri hasi.

Mu magambo make, abaganga batekereza ko ubu buryo bwo kuvura bukoreshwa ku bantu bafite umutima utera nabi kandi bigoye kugenzura bakoresheje imiti n'uburyo bwo guhindura imibereho.

Witegura ute mbere yo kuvurwa?

Kubera ko iki ari igikorwa gito cyo kubagwa, ugomba kugitegura mbere y’igihe. Muganga wawe azakubwira ibi bikurikira:

• Ibizamini: Iminsi mike mbere yo kubagwa, uzasabwa kwipimisha umutima (echocardiogram) , wenda gupimwa umutima na MRI , ndetse no gupimwa amaraso kugira ngo hamenyekane uko umutima wawe umeze neza.
• Kwiyiriza ubusa: Uzagirwa inama yo kutarya cyangwa kunywa ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose nibura amasaha 6 mbere yo kubagwa.
• Imiti: Mu gihe cyo kubagwa, uzahabwa imiti yo kugabanya ububabare bwawe no kugutera gusinzira gake, kugira ngo ntugire icyo wumva.

Kubagwa bikorwa gute?

Iyi gahunda ifata amasaha menshi. Dore uko bigenda:

1. Gushyiramo insinga: Ubwa mbere, muganga ashyiramo insinga eshatu zoroshye cyane azinyujije mu mutsi uri mu rutugu rwawe, cyangwa wenda mu itako ryawe. Ibi bikorwa witonze cyane mu gihe ureba imashini ya X-ray.

2. Kohereza insinga mu mutima: Izi nsinga zinyuzwa mu mitsi zigashyirwa ahantu hatatu hagenwe n'umutima twavuze mbere (atrium y'iburyo, ventricle y'iburyo, na ventricle y'ibumoso).

3. Gutegura umwanya w'igikoresho: Hanyuma, hakorwa akantu gato ku ruhu ruri munsi y'igufwa ryawe, bigatuma habaho umwanya muto (umufuka) munsi y'uruhu. Aha niho igikoresho cya CRT kizashyirwa.

4. Guhuza no gupima: Izindi nsinga eshatu zoherejwe ku mutima zihujwe n'iki gikoresho cya CRT. Hanyuma, bareba niba gikora neza kandi niba ibimenyetso binyura neza.

5. Gutera igikoresho: Iyo byose bimeze neza, igikoresho cya CRT gishyirwa mu mufuka wakozwe, aho cyaciwe hagafungwa, hanyuma imidozi igashyirwa neza.

Ni izihe nyungu n'ingaruka z'ubu buvuzi?

Kimwe n'ubundi buryo bwose bwo kuvura, CRT ifite ibyiza n'ingaruka. Ni ngombwa kubiganiraho witonze na muganga wawe.

Bigenda bite nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Uzakenera kuguma mu bitaro mu gihe cy'umunsi umwe nyuma yo kubagwa.

• Mu nzira yo gutaha: Kubera ko wahawe ibinini byo gusinzira, ntuzashobora gutwara imodoka . Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa kuzana umuntu wo kugutwara mu rugo.
• Gutembera kw'ukuboko: Ukuboko ku ruhande aho igikoresho cyashyizwe (ubusanzwe ukuboko kw'ibumoso) bigomba kuguma bihagaze kandi ntibizamurwe mu gihe cy'amasaha agera kuri 12. Ibi bituma insinga zishyirwamo zihagarara neza mu mutima.
• Ikarita Idasanzwe: Uzahabwa ikarita yihariye, iriho ibisobanuro byose by'iki gikoresho. Ni ngombwa cyane kubika iyi karita mu mufuka wawe igihe cyose.
• Gukira: Ushobora gusubira mu mirimo isanzwe mu minsi mike, ariko ntibyemewe gutwara cyangwa guterura ibintu biremereye mu gihe cy'icyumweru kimwe.
• Suzuma: Mbere yo koherezwa mu rugo, X-ray cyangwa ECG bishobora gufatwa kugira ngo harebwe ko insinga ziri mu mwanya wazo.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya CRT na ICD?

Iki ni ikintu gitera urujijo abantu benshi. CRT na ICD ni ubwoko bubiri bw'ibikoresho.

• CRT (Ubuvuzi bwo Guhuza Indwara z'umutima): Nkuko twabiganiriyeho, ibi bikoreshwa mu guhuza umutima. Ni ukuvuga ko bituma ibyumba by'umutima bikorana, mu buryo bumwe. Ni verisiyo igezweho ya pacemaker.
• ICD (Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator): Ibi bikora ikindi kintu gitandukanye. Iyo umutima urimo gutera cyane, urabimenya maze ugatanga amashanyarazi make kugira ngo wongere umere neza . Iki ni igikoresho gikiza ubuzima.

Ariko akenshi, abantu barwaye indwara z'umutima bashobora kugira ibi bibazo byombi. Niyo mpamvu abaganga bashyiramo igikoresho kimwe gifite ubushobozi bwombi, CRT-D (CRT ifite Defibrillator) .

Igihe cyo kuvugana na muganga

Nyuma yo gushyiramo igikoresho cya CRT, hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe ugomba kwitondera.

Byongeye kandi, ugomba kwitabira amatariki yagenwe yo kwa muganga.

• Ikurikirana rya mbere rizakorwa nyuma y'ukwezi kumwe nyuma yo kubagwa.
• Nyuma y'ibyo, bazagusaba kukubona rimwe cyangwa kabiri mu mwaka.

Muri ayo mavuriro, muganga agenzura imiterere y'igikoresho, bateri yacyo, n'insinga. Agenzura kandi imikorere y'umutima wawe yarushijeho kuba myiza bitewe n'iki gikoresho.