Ese wigeze wibaza ukuntu aka kagingo gato kari mu mutwe wawe, ubwonko, gakora ibintu bitangaje? Kagenzura ibyo tubona, twumva, dutekereza, kandi dukora byose. Uyu munsi rero tugiye kuvuga ku gice kinini kandi cy'ingenzi cy'ubwonko. Icyo ni ubwonko, cyangwa nk'uko tubivuga mu Cyongereza, `(Cerebrum)`.
Ubu bwonko ni iki?
Mu magambo make, ubwonko ni cyo gice kinini cy'ubwonko bwawe. Buherereye hejuru no imbere y'agahanga kawe. Bugira uruhare mu byo dukora hafi ya byose ku manywa, kuva mu gutekereza kugeza mu gufata ingamba. Mu by'ukuri, ni cyo kigo cy'ingenzi kiduhindura abo turi bo, imico yacu n'ubushobozi bwacu.
Abahanga mu bya siyansi baracyari kwiga byinshi ku bwonko n'uko bukora. Nubwo tuzi byinshi, hari ibintu tutarasobanukirwa neza. Ariko bitewe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga, ubumenyi bwacu ku bwonko buriyongera umunsi ku wundi.
Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'ubwonko n'ubwonko bw'inyuma?
Aya mazina yombi asa gato, bityo rimwe na rimwe ashobora kwitiranywa. Ariko, imikorere y'aya mazina yombi iratandukanye cyane.
- Ubwonko: Iki ni cyo gice kinini cy'ubwonko. Kigenzura ibyo dukora byose tubigambiriye , nko gutekereza, gutegura no kuvuga. Ni nk'umuyobozi mukuru mu biro.
- Cerebellum: Aka ni agace gato k'ubwonko inyuma, hepfo. Inshingano yako nyamukuru ni ukuringaniza no guhuza imigendere y'umubiri. Urugero, bigufasha kugumana uburinganire bwawe iyo ugenda ntugwe, kandi bigufasha gufata ikintu neza iyo ugifashe. Ni nk'umuyobozi ukurikiza amabwiriza y'umukoresha we.
Ni iyihe mirimo y'ingenzi ya cerebellum?
Tuvuga ko ubwonko bugenzura byinshi mu byo dukora tubigambiriye. Dore bimwe muri byo. Kugira ngo ayo makuru yorohere kuyumva, reka tuyarebe mu mbonerahamwe nk'iyi.
| Umukoro | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Kugenzura ibyumviro bitanu | Ubwonko butunganya kandi bugasobanukirwa ibintu byose ubona n'amaso yawe, bukumva n'amatwi yawe, bugasogongera ururimi rwawe, bugahumurira amazuru yawe, kandi bugakoraho n'uruhu rwawe. |
| Ururimi n'itumanaho | Ibice bitandukanye by'ubwonko bigufasha gusoma, kwandika no kuvuga. |
| Ubwibutso bw'igihe gito (Ubwibutso bw'akazi) | Tekereza urimo gutekereza kugura ipaki y'amata mu iduka uri mu nzira yo gutaha. Iki gice kigenzura ibintu wibuka mu gihe gito nk'icyo. |
| Imyitwarire n'imico | Agace k'ubwonko k'imbere kagenzura ibintu nk'imyitwarire yawe, imico yawe, guhitamo icyiza n'ikibi, no kutavuga ibintu utagomba kuvuga. |
| Ingendo z'umubiri | Iyo ushaka kwimura amaguru n'amaboko yawe, kugenda, cyangwa kwiruka, ubwonko bwohereza ibimenyetso bikenewe ku mitsi yawe. |
| Kwiga, gutekereza | Iyo wize ikintu gishya, ugakora imibare, cyangwa ugashaka igisubizo cy'ikibazo, ibice bitandukanye by'ubwonko bikorana. |
Ibintu bitangaje ku bijyanye n'ubwonko
- Ishusho inyuranyije: Iki ni ikintu kidasanzwe cyane. Ibyo ukora iburyo bw'umubiri wawe bigenzurwa n'uruhande rw'ibumoso rw'ubwonko bwawe. Ibyo ukora ibumoso bw'ubwonko bwawe bigenzurwa n'uruhande rw'iburyo. Niyo mpamvu iyo uruhande rw'ibumoso rw'ubwonko bwawe rwangiritse, nko mu gihe cyo gukubita amaguru, uruhande rw'iburyo rw'umubiri wawe ruzatakaza imikorere.
- Ubushobozi bw'ubwonko bwo kwihuza: Ubwonko bwawe bushobora "kwihuza" ubwabwo. Ibi bivuze ko bushobora gukora isano nshya hagati y'uturemangingo tw'imitsi mu bwonko iyo bwangiritse cyangwa iyo wize ikintu gishya. Ibi kandi byitwa "neuroplasticity."
- Uduce twihariye: Ibice bitandukanye by'ubwonko byihariye ku mikorere itandukanye. Ariko igitekerezo cy'uko hari abantu "bafite ubwonko bw'ibumoso" n' "abafite ubwonko bw'iburyo" nticyemejwe na siyansi. Impande zombi z'ubwonko zirakorana.
Ni gute cerebellum ikorwa?
Igice cyo hanze cy'ubwonko, ikigo cy'ubwonko, gifite iminkanyari nk'ifi ya walnut ihiye. Kigabanyijemo ibice bibiri n'umuyoboro muremure unyura hagati. Ibi tubyita igice cy'ibumoso n'igice cy'iburyo .
Izi ngingo zombi zifatanye n'umugozi w'imitsi witwa "Corpus Callosum." Kimwe n'ikiraro, ni cyo gitanga amakuru kuva ku ruhande rumwe rw'ubwonko kijya ku rundi.
Uduce duto tw'ubwonko (Lobes)
Hari uturere dutanu tw’ingenzi, cyangwa "uturemangingo," muri buri gice cy’ubwonko. Buri gice gifite imirimo yihariye.
1. Agace k'imbere: Gaherereye imbere y'umutwe. Gagenzura uburyo umuntu yumva ibintu, kugenzura imyitwarire ye, imvugo ye, n'ingendo zimwe na zimwe.
2. Parietal Lobe: Iherereye hejuru y'umutwe. Ifasha kumenya ibyiyumvo nko gukoraho, ubushyuhe, n'ububabare. Ifasha kandi gusobanukirwa intera n'ingano y'ibintu, ururimi, kubara, no gufata ibyemezo.
3. Agace k'ubwonko gaherereye ku mpande z'umutwe, hejuru y'amatwi. Bidufasha gusobanukirwa ibyo abandi bavuga, kumenya abantu n'ibintu, no guhuza kwibuka n'amarangamutima.
4. Agace k'inyuma k'umutwe: Aha niho hantu nyamukuru ho gutunganya ibyo tubona n'amaso yacu, nko kugenda no gushushanya.
5. Isosi y'imbere: Iyi iri kure gato, munsi y'indi misosi. Iki gice ahanini kigira uruhare mu kumva uburyohe.
Tekereza urimo kugenda mu muhanda maze imbwa ikagusanga yiruka. Tekereza uburyo ubwonko bwawe bukora vuba muri ako kanya. Ubonye imbwa n'amaso yawe (Occipital Lobe), wumva urusaku rwo kurira (Temporal Lobe), wibuka ubwoba bwo kurumwa n'imbwa mbere (Temporal / Hippocampus), uravuga uti "Hey, ni imbwa!" (Frontal / Temporal Lobe), ufata icyemezo cyo guhunga (Frontal Lobe), maze wohereza ibimenyetso ku maguru yawe kugira ngo wiruke (Frontal Lobe). Ibi byose bibaho mu masegonda make kuko ibi bice byose by'ubwonko bikora hamwe.
Ni izihe ndwara zikunze kugira ingaruka ku bwonko?
Indwara iyo ari yo yose ifata ubwonko ishobora no kugira ingaruka ku bwonko. Harimo n'ibibazo by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe. Dore bimwe muri byo:
- Indwara ya Alzheimer
- Indwara zo guhangayika
- Indwara yo kudakora neza mu mutwe (ADHD)
- Igisebe cy'imitsi
- Ibikomere byo mu bwonko bikomeretse
- Indwara yo mu mutwe (Dementia)
- Ihungabana
- Indwara y'igicuri
- Indwara ya Parkinson
- Kubura vitamine zimwe na zimwe (cyane cyane vitamine B12)
- Ubwandu bw'ubwonko (bagiteri, virusi)
Ni ibihe bimenyetso bishobora kuba?
Iyo ubwonko bugize ikibazo, ibimenyetso bitandukanye bishobora kubaho.
- Kugorwa no kuvuga cyangwa gusobanukirwa: `(Aphasia)`
- Kubura uburinganire bw'umubiri: kunanirwa kugenda, kunanirwa gufata ibintu neza (Ataxia)
- Impinduka mu myitwarire no mu rujijo
- Kuribwa umutwe na Migraine
- Ibibazo byo kwibuka
- Gupfa kw'ibice by'umubiri
- Guhinda umushyitsi
- Ibibazo byo kutabona: kutabona neza, kutabona neza kabiri
Niba ukomeje kugira kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso, menya neza ko wabiganiriyeho na muganga wawe . Ni ngombwa cyane kuvurwa ku gihe.
Ni gute wakomeza kugira ubuzima bwiza bw'ubwonko?
Hari ibintu bike byoroshye dushobora gukora kugira ngo turinde uru rugingo rwacu rw'agaciro kurusha izindi.
- Kurya indyo yuzuye: Intungamubiri, cyane cyane vitamine B12, ni ingenzi cyane ku buzima bw'ubwonko.
- Gira imyitozo ngororamubiri: Imyitozo ngororamubiri ituma amaraso atembera neza mu bwonko, ibi bikaba byafasha mu kurinda indwara nka stroke.
- Witondere indwara zandura: Indwara, cyane cyane izo mu gutwi no mu jisho, zishobora gukwirakwira mu bwonko iyo zitavuwe vuba, bityo ntuzirengagize.
- Rinda umutwe wawe: Ambara ingofero iyo utwaye igare cyangwa moto. Kurinda umutwe wawe impanuka ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo wirinde kwangirika k'ubwonko.
- Irinde kunywa itabi no kunywa inzoga nyinshi: Izi ngeso zangiza imiyoboro y'amaraso mu bwonko kandi zikongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara nka stroke.
- Koresha imiti wanditswe neza nkuko wanditswe: Niba muganga yakwandikiye imiti ijyanye n'ikibazo runaka, fata neza nkuko wanditswe.
Ubwonko ni igice gitangaje cyane cy'umubiri wacu, kidufasha mu byo dukora byose buri munsi. Kwita ku buzima bwabwo ni kimwe mu byo dushobora gushoramo imari kugira ngo tubungabunge ubuzima bwacu bwose.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Ubwonko ni bwo bunini bw'ubwonko bwawe. Bugenzura ibitekerezo byawe, kwibuka, ururimi, ingendo, n'ibyumviro byawe.
- Ubwonko bugizwe n'ibice bibiri by'ingenzi (ibumoso n'iburyo) n'uturere twinshi (utubyimba). Buri gace muri utu duce gafite imirimo yihariye.
- Indwara nyinshi, nko gucika intege mu bwonko, indwara yo kwiheba, n'igicuri, zishobora kugira ingaruka ku bwonko.
- Ushobora kugira ubuzima bwiza bw'ubwonko urya indyo yuzuye, ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, urinda umutwe wawe, kandi ukirinda kunywa itabi/inzoga.
- Niba uhuye n'ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose kijyanye n'imikorere y'ubwonko, urugero nko gutakaza ubwenge, kunanirwa kuvuga, cyangwa kumva nta buzima ufite, shaka ubufasha kwa muganga byihutirwa.
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