Virusi ya Koronavirusi na virusi ya RSV: Reka tumenye itandukaniro nyaryo riri hagati y’ibyo byombi?

Ukurikije inkorora n'ibicurane turimo guhura nabyo muri iyi minsi, ese nawe utekereza uti "Ese mfite iki?"? Biragoye kumenya neza niba ari ibicurane bisanzwe, coronavirus (COVID-19), cyangwa iyi virusi nshya ya RSV, si byo se? Kuko ibimenyetso by'ibi byose bisa cyane. Nubwo izi ndwara z'ubuhumekero zikunze kugaragara cyane mu gihe cy'impeshyi no mu gihe cy'itumba, dushobora kuzibona igihe icyo ari cyo cyose cy'umwaka. None rero uyu munsi, reka tuvuge kuri izi virusi ebyiri, Coronavirus na RSV, aho zihuriye n'aho zitandukaniye, n'uko twakwirinda.

Coronavirus na RSV ni iki?

Muri make, izi ni ubwoko bwombi bwa virusi zigira ingaruka ku buryo bwacu bwo guhumeka, ni ukuvuga ahantu nko mu mazuru, mu muhogo no mu bihaha.

Mu by’ukuri Coronavirus ni izina rusange ry’itsinda rya virusi. Virusi zo muri iri tsinda zanduye abantu mbere. Indwara ya COVID-19 twese tuzi iterwa n’umuntu uheruka mu muryango wa coronavirus, virusi `(SARS-CoV-2)`. Nubwo ishobora kwibasira abantu b’imyaka iyo ari yo yose, hari abantu bashobora kuyirwara cyane. Hari abantu bashobora kwandura ntibagaragaze ibimenyetso. Hari abantu bandura COVID-19 bashobora kurwara indwara yitwa "Long COVID" . Ibi bivuze ko ibimenyetso bitandukanye (nk'umunaniro, kugorwa no guhumeka) bikomeza amezi menshi nyuma yuko virusi ivuye mu mubiri.

Virusi ya RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) ni indi virusi y'ubuhumekero. Iri mu itsinda rya virusi zitwa `(pneumoviruses)`. Ishobora kwibasira umuntu uwo ari we wese w'imyaka iyo ari yo yose, ariko ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bana bato n'impinja ziri munsi y'imyaka 2. Mu by'ukuri, hafi ya buri mwana ku isi yandura RSV nibura rimwe mbere y'uko ageza ku myaka ibiri. Nubwo akenshi ikemuka, ishobora kuba mbi cyane ku bana bamwe na bamwe, cyane cyane abana bato bari munsi y'amezi 6 n'abana bato batagejeje igihe.

Utandukanya ute ibi byombi ukurikije ibimenyetso?

Ibimenyetso byabyo byombi birasa cyane, bityo biragoye kumenya icyo ari cyo urebye ibimenyetso gusa. Ariko hari itandukaniro rito.

Iyo ubwandu bwa RSV bubaye bubi cyane, bushobora gutera indwara nka 'Bronchiolitis' (kubyimba kw'inzira nto z'ubuhumekero mu bihaha) na 'Pneumonia' (ubwandu bw'ibihaha/pneumonia).

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye kurusha abandi?

Nubwo virusi zombi zishobora kugira ingaruka ku muntu uwo ari we wese, hari abantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kugira ibibazo bikomeye.

Abari mu kaga gakomeye ko kwandura COVID-19:

• Abantu bakuze
• Abantu bafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakomeye (urugero: abarwayi ba kanseri, abahabwa izindi ngingo)
• Abantu bafite izindi ndwara zidakira nka diyabete, indwara z'umutima n'indwara z'ibihaha

Abantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura RSV barimo:

• Abana bari munsi y'amezi atandatu
• Abana bato
• Abana bari munsi y'imyaka 2 bafite indwara z'umutima cyangwa ibihaha bavukanye
• Abana bafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakomeye
• Abantu bakuru barengeje imyaka 65, cyane cyane abafite indwara z'umutima cyangwa ibihaha

Wamenya ute neza iyi ndwara?

Ushobora kuba wibaza uti “None se wamenya ute koko?” Mu by’ukuri, uburyo bwonyine bwo gusuzuma neza indwara ni ukwipimisha.

Ubu hari ibizamini byo gupima COVID-19 mu rugo. Byongeye kandi, hari bimwe mu bizamini bishobora gupima byose uko ari bitatu—COVID, RSV, na Grippe (grippe)—mu ikizamini kimwe.

Iyo ugiye kwa muganga wawe, azabaza ibimenyetso byawe, atege amatwi ibihaha byawe, kandi akore ibizamini bikurikira, nibiba ngombwa:

• Agapfukamunwa ko mu mazuru cyangwa mu muhogo
• Gupima amaraso
• X-ray yo mu gituza
• Ikizamini gipima urugero rwa ogisijeni mu maraso (Pulse oximetry)

Bivurwa bite kandi bigacungwa bite?

Kenshi na kenshi, COVID na RSV byombi bivurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kugenzura ibimenyetso no gutanga ubutabazi. Ibi byitwa "ubuvuzi bufasha."

• Kuruhuka: Ni ingenzi cyane kuruhuka bihagije.
• Ibinyobwa: Nywa amazi menshi, igikoma n'umutobe w'imbuto kugira ngo umubiri wawe ugire amazi menshi.
• Ku mubyimba n'ububabare: Ushobora gufata imiti igabanya ububabare nka parasetamol nk'uko muganga yabigutegetse.
• Ku mazuru afite ubwinshi: Ibitonyanga bya saline bishobora gushyirwa mu mazuru.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi kurusha ibindi:

Kuri COVID-19, hari imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara ishobora gutangwa mu minsi ya mbere y'ibimenyetso. Ariko, iyi miti igomba gufatwa gusa ku nama za muganga.

Kugeza ubu nta muti wemewe wo kurwanya virusi bya RSV.

Wakwirinda gute izi ndwara?

Baravuga bati: “Ni byiza kwirinda indwara kuruta kuzirwara.” Reka turebe uko twakwirinda.

1. Gukingirwa: Iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi cyane. Kubona urukingo rwemewe rwa COVID-19 bishobora gufasha gukumira indwara gukomeza kwiyongera. Ubu hariho kandi urukingo rwa RSV. Ibi ni byiza cyane cyane ku bantu barengeje imyaka 60 n'abagore batwite. Iyo umubyeyi ahawe uru rukingo mu gihe atwite, umwana na we aba arinzwe mu mezi make ya mbere.

2. Kuvura ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri: Hariho urukingo rwihariye rw'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri ruhabwa abana bavutse n'abana bato bari mu kaga kugira ngo babarinde indwara ya RSV. Vugana na muganga wawe kuri ibi kugira ngo umenye byinshi.

3. Isuku:

• Karaba intoki zawe neza n'isabune n'amazi byibuze amasegonda 20, cyane cyane mbere yo kurya na nyuma yo kuva mu bwiherero.
• Koresha umuti wica udukoko ukoresheje alcool mu gihe nta sabune n'amazi biboneka.
• Reka gukora ku munwa, ku mazuru no ku maso ukoresheje amaboko yawe.
• Bwira abantu bose bari mu nzu gukoresha inkokora yabo mu gihe bakorora cyangwa bapfutse, niba badafite agatambaro.
• Sukura ahantu hakunze gukorwaho kenshi (amatako y'inzugi, aho kubika ibikoresho, ibikinisho) ukoresheje umuti wica udukoko.

Ni ryari ugomba gushaka inama z'abaganga byihutirwa?

Nubwo izi ndwara akenshi zikemuka ubwazo, mu bihe bimwe na bimwe iyo ndwara ishobora gukomera. Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikurikira, jya ku bitaro bikuru by’ubutabazi bw’ibanze (ETU) by’ibitaro biri hafi yawe.