Ese umwana wawe arwaye indwara y'umutima idasanzwe? Reka twige kuri Ebstein's Anomaly mu magambo make.

Ese umwana wawe yumva ananiwe buri gihe? Ese asa n'ufite ikibazo cyo guhumeka? Ese rimwe na rimwe uruhu rwe ruba nk'urw'ubururu? Nubwo ibi akenshi bishobora kuba bisanzwe, rimwe na rimwe bishobora guterwa n'ikibazo cy'umutima yavukanye. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku kibazo kimwe nk'iki kidasanzwe ariko cy'ingenzi cy'umutima. Kitwa Ebstein's Anomaly.

Ebstein's Anomaly ni iki mu by'ukuri?

Mu magambo make, iyi ni indwara y'umutima ivukanwa. Ni ukuvuga inenge mu mutima ivuka umwana akiri mu nda. Umutima wacu ufite ibyumba bine, ibyumba bibiri byo hejuru n'ibyumba bibiri byo hasi. Hagati y'ibyo byumba hari utubati dukora nk'inzugi. Utu tugari tugenzura urujya n'uruza rw'amaraso mu cyerekezo kimwe gusa.

Ebstein's Anomaly yibasira cyane cyane valve ya tricuspid, iherereye hagati y'icyumba cyo hejuru (atrium y'iburyo) n'icyumba cyo hasi (ventricle y'iburyo) ku ruhande rw'iburyo rw'umutima. Ibintu bibiri by'ingenzi bibaho muri iyi ndwara:

1. Valve ishyizwe ahantu habi: Iyi valve ya tricuspid ishyizwe hasi cyane kurusha uko isanzwe imeze, mu cyumba cyo hasi cy'iburyo.

2. Udupapuro tw'imitsi tuba tudakozwe neza: Udupapuro tw'imitsi tuba dufite imiterere idasanzwe. Hari igihe dushobora no gufata ku rukuta rw'umutima.

Tekereza uko bigenda iyo urugi rudafunze neza. Muri ubwo buryo, kubera ko iyi valve idafunze neza, amaraso agomba kuvomwa ava mu cyumba cyo hasi asubira mu cyumba cyo hejuru.

Ibi bituma icyumba cyo hejuru kiri iburyo bw'umutima kirushaho kuba kinini. Nanone, icyumba cyo hasi, gifite valve iri hasi, kigira umwanya muto wo gukora neza. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, uru ruhande rw'iburyo rw'umutima rwagutse rushobora gucika intege ndetse rukazana n'umutima guhagarara neza.

Akenshi, abana bafite `Ebstein's Anomaly` bagira izindi ndwara z'umutima. Ikunze kugaragara cyane ni umwobo uri mu rukuta hagati y'ibyumba bibiri byo hejuru by'umutima. Ibi byitwa `(Atrial Septal Defect - ASD )`.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'iyi ndwara?

Ibimenyetso biratandukanye cyane. Hari igihe, iyo indwara ikomeye cyane, ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara mu minsi mike nyuma yo kuvuka. Ariko, iyo indwara idakomeye cyane, nta bimenyetso na bike bishobora kubaho kugeza ku bwangavu.

Kuki ibi bibaho? Impamvu ni iyihe?

Mu by’ukuri, akenshi biragoye kubona impamvu runaka ibitera. Ariko abaganga bizera ko impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo zishobora kugira uruhare. Hari kandi n’imyizerere y’uko guhura n’imiti imwe n’imwe nka lithium cyangwa benzodiazepines mu gihe utwite na byo bishobora guteza akaga gato. Ariko ibi biracyari mu cyiciro cy’ubushakashatsi.

Umuganga abibona ate? (Ibizamini)

Niba umwana wawe afite ibi bimenyetso, muganga azabanza kumusuzuma neza. Hanyuma, ashobora gutegeka ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo amenye neza uko umutima ukora.

• Echocardiogram: Iki ni cyo kizamini cy'ingenzi cyane. Kimwe na ultrasound scan y'umwana uri mu nda, gifata ishusho irambuye y'umutima. Gishobora kwerekana aho imiyoboro y'amaraso iri, imiterere yayo, niba amaraso arimo kuva inyuma, ingano, n'ubunini bw'ibyumba by'umutima.
• Electrocardiogram (EKG): Ibi bipima imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima. Ibi bifasha kumenya gutera kw'umutima kudasanzwe (arrhythmias).
• MRI y'umutima: Ibi bishobora gutanga amashusho yumvikana neza kandi y'ibice bitatu by'umutima n'imitsi. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane mu bihe nk'ibyo mbere yo kubagwa.
• Ikizamini cy'Imihangayiko mu myitozo ngororamubiri: Ku bana bakuru, EKG ikorwa mu gihe bagenda ku gikoresho cyo kwiruka. Ibi bifasha kureba uko umutima witabira iyo urimo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri.
• Holter Monitor: Iki ni igikoresho gito cyambarwa ku mubiri mu gihe cy'amasaha 24 kugeza kuri 48. Gifata umuvuduko w'umutima umunsi wose kandi gikoreshwa mu kumenya utera kw'umutima ku buryo budasanzwe bibaho ku manywa.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?

Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa n'uburemere bw'indwara n'ibimenyetso by'umwana.

Kuvura hakoreshejwe imiti

Iyo ibimenyetso bidakomeye, muganga ashobora gufata icyemezo cyo gukurikirana ikibazo cy'umwana. Iyo hagaragaye ibimenyetso by'uko umutima unaniwe, ashobora gutanga imiti ifasha umutima gukora neza cyangwa gukura amazi menshi mu mubiri. Iyo umutima utera nabi, hari n'imiti yo kuwugenzura.

Kubaga

Iyo ibimenyetso bikomeye cyangwa umutima ukagenda ucika intege buhoro buhoro, kubagwa bishobora kuba ngombwa.

• Gusana Valve: Amahitamo ya mbere abaganga babaga ni ukugerageza gusana no gusana Valve y'umwana. Bakoresheje inyama z'umwana, utwuma tw'valve turahindurwa kugira ngo dukore neza.
• Gusimbuza Valve: Iyo valve yangiritse cyane, ishyirwa mu mwanya wayo. Iyi valve ishobora gukorwa mu cyuma (valve ya Mechanical) cyangwa ikozwe mu nyamaswa (valve ya Biological). Iyo ishyizwemo valve y'icyuma, uzakenera gufata imiti igabanya amaraso ubuzima bwawe bwose.
• Izindi nzira: Mu gihe cyo kubaga, umwobo uri mu mutima (ASD) ushobora gufungwa kandi igice cy'umutima gitera umutima utera nabi (catheter ablation) gishobora kuvurwa.

Ni ibihe bintu byihariye ugomba kwitondera?

Umwana ufite iyi ndwara akeneye gukurikiranwa ubuzima bwe bwose na muganga w’indwara z’umutima . Ndetse na nyuma yo kubagwa, ni ngombwa kujya kwa muganga kugira ngo asuzumwe ku masaha yagenwe.

Niba umwana wawe afite iyi ndwara, komeza witondere ibimenyetso bikurikira:

• Iyo uruhu ruhinduka ubururu kenshi.
• Iyo ibikorwa by'umwana, kwiruka no gukina bigabanuka.
• Niba hari kubyimba mu mubiri.
• Niba wumva umutima wawe utera cyane.

Ubonye impinduka nk'izi, menyesha muganga wawe ako kanya .

Nanone, mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, urugero nko mbere yo gutera amenyo, muganga ashobora kugira inama abana yo gufata imiti yica udukoko kugira ngo birinde indwara z'umutima. Buri gihe kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga neza.