Utinya ikizamini cya EEG (Electroencephalogram)? Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye!

Ese wowe cyangwa umuntu uzi wigeze ubwirwa na muganga gukora ikizamini cya EEG? Ushobora kuba waragize ubwoba cyangwa ukagira ubwoba ubwo wumvise ibyo. "EEG ni iki? Ese ni ikizamini gikomeye gifite insinga nyinshi zigushyira mu mutwe? Ese bizakubabaza?" Ni ibisanzwe kugira ibibazo byinshi nk'ibi. Ariko nta mpamvu yo gutinya. Uyu munsi, tugiye kuvuga ku cyo ikizamini cya EEG ari cyo, impamvu gikorwa, uko gikorwa, n'uburyo bwo kugitegura mu buryo bworoshye cyane ushobora gusobanukirwa.

Mu magambo make, EEG ni iki?

Tekereza ko ubwonko bwacu bumeze nk'umujyi munini kandi uhuze. Hari abakozi babarirwa muri za miriyoni muri uyu mujyi. Abo bakozi twita neurons, cyangwa uturemangingo tw'ubwonko. Abo bakozi baraganira kandi bagahana amakuru binyuze mu bimenyetso bito cyane by'amashanyarazi. Ibyo dutekereza, twumva, n'ibyo dukora byose bigengwa n'iri hererekanya ry'ibimenyetso.

Noneho, ikizamini cya EEG (Electroencephalogram) , mu buryo nyabwo, ni "gutega amatwi" ibiganiro by'amashanyarazi biri kuba mu bwonko. Muri ibi, uduce duto tw'icyuma (twita electrode) dufatanye n'uruhu rw'umutwe wawe (umutwe). Ibi bimeze nka mikoro nto. Bifata ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi biri hagati y'uturemangingo tw'ubwonko bikabyohereza ku mashini binyuze mu nsinga. Iyo mashini yerekana iyi miterere y'ibimenyetso kuri ecran nk'igishushanyo, cyangwa neza kurushaho, nk'imiraba y'ubwonko (imiraba y'ubwonko). Muganga areba iyi miraba maze akamenya niba ibice bitandukanye by'ubwonko bikora neza cyangwa niba hari ikintu kidasanzwe.

Ni mu bihe ibihe ikizamini cya EEG gisabwa?

Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma muganga asaba EEG. Impamvu nyamukuru kandi ikunze kugaragara ni uko hari ikibazo cy’indwara yitwa epilepsy gikekwa. Ni ukuvuga ko iyo umuntu afite igicuri, EEG ifasha cyane mu kumenya niba impamvu ari impinduka itunguranye mu mikorere y’ubwonko.

Byongeye kandi, muganga wawe ashobora gusaba EEG niba ufite ibimenyetso bikurikira:

• Niba uhora wumva utazi icyo ukora kandi utazi icyo ukora.
• Niba watakaje ubwenge uri kugenda (uri gucika intege).
• Niba ufite ibibazo byo kubura kwibuka.
• Niba ugaragaza impinduka zitagaragara mu myitwarire.

Uretse ibi bimenyetso, EEG ikoreshwa no kugenzura imikorere y'ubwonko mu zindi ndwara. Urugero:

• Indwara zo kudakora neza mu mutwe nka Alzheimer cyangwa dementia.
• Indwara zigira ingaruka ku bwonko, urugero nk'indwara ya encephalite.
• Ibibyimba byo mu bwonko.
• Niba umuntu ari muri koma, reba uburyo ubwonko bukora.
• Nyuma yo gukomereka bikomeye mu mutwe (gukomereka mu bwonko gukabije).

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibizamini bya EEG biriho?

Ubwoko bwa EEG bushobora gutandukana bitewe n'ibimenyetso byawe n'icyo muganga wawe ashaka. Reka turebe bumwe mu bwoko bw'ingenzi.

Ni gute nakwitegura mbere yo gukora ikizamini?

Ibi biroroshye cyane, ariko kugira ngo ubone ibisubizo nyabyo, ni ngombwa cyane gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga.

• Bwira muganga wawe mbere y'igihe imiti yose urimo gufata . Ushobora gusabwa guhagarika gufata imiti imwe n'imwe umunsi umwe mbere y'ikizamini. Ariko ntuhagarike imiti iyo ari yo yose muganga wawe atabikubwiye.
• Karaba umusatsi wawe neza ijoro ribanziriza ikizamini. Ariko ntugashyireho conditioner, gel, amavuta, cyangwa spray ku musatsi wawe. Ibi bishobora kubuza electrodes guhuzwa neza n'uruhu rwawe.
• Kurikiza amabwiriza yo gusinzira witonze. Hari igihe, cyane cyane niba uri gukora EEG yo gusinzira, ushobora gusabwa gusinzira ijoro ribanziriza ikizamini. Ibi bizagufasha gusinzira byoroshye mu gihe cy'ikizamini.
• Niba uhawe amabwiriza yihariye ku byo ugomba kurya, uyakurikize. Akenshi, uzabwirwa kutanywa ibinyobwa birimo kafeyine nka icyayi, ikawa na kola mbere yo gupimwa.

Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cy'ikizamini?

Iyo ugiye mu cyumba cy’ibizamini, umutekinisiye azagufasha.

1. Ubwa mbere, uzategekwa kwicara ku ntebe cyangwa kuryama ku buriri.

2. Hanyuma uwo muntu azashyira ikimenyetso ahantu henshi ku mutwe wawe hanyuma ashyireho uduce duto tugera kuri 20 tw’amashanyarazi kuri utwo duce. Utwo duce dufatirwaho hakoreshejwe ifu cyangwa gum byihariye. Ntabwo bibabaza na gato iyo ubishyizemo. Bisa nkaho washyizemo agapapuro.

3. Hanyuma uzabwirwa gufunga amaso no gutuza mu mutwe. Hari igihe uzabwirwa guhora ufunguye amaso.

4. Mu gihe cyo gukora EEG isanzwe, rimwe na rimwe ushobora gusabwa gukora ibintu byinshi kugira ngo ushishikarize ubwonko.

• Guhumeka vuba kandi mu buryo bwimbitse (Hyperventilation).
• Babwirwa kureba urumuri rumurika imbere y'amaso yabo (Phototic stimulation).

5. Mu gihe ibi byose biba, imashini ifata amashusho y'ubwonko bwawe. Umutekinisiye arakureba kugeza igihe igikorwa cyose kirangiye.

Hari ingaruka mbi?

EEG ni ikizamini cyizewe cyane. Ingaruka mbi ni nke cyane.

• Hari abantu bashobora kumva bameze nk'izuba iyo bahumeka vuba. Ibi bizashira nyuma y'igihe runaka.
• Niba urwaye igicuri, ni gake cyane guhumeka vuba cyangwa amatara yaka bishobora gutera igicuri. Ariko ntugatinye.Umutekinisiye ukora ikizamini arabizi, kandi yatojwe kugufasha mu gihe ikintu nk'iki kibaye.
• Nyuma yo gupimwa, ushobora kugira umutuku cyangwa gutakaza umusatsi gato aho electrodes zakuwe. Ibi ni iby'igihe gito.

Nyuma y'ikizamini no ku byerekeye raporo

Iyo ikizamini kirangiye, umutekinisiye azagukuraho witonze electrodes ku mutwe wawe maze ahanagure ifu. Keretse muganga wawe atagutegetse ukundi, ushobora guhita usubira mu rugo ugasubira mu mirimo yawe isanzwe.

Ugeze mu rugo, ifu izakomeza kumera nk'aho iri ku musatsi wawe. Ni byiza rero koza umusatsi wawe ukimara kugera mu rugo.

Uzagira umunsi utandukanye wo kuganira na muganga wawe ku bisubizo by'ibizamini (raporo). Icyo gihe, muganga azareba imiterere y'ubwonko bwawe, agusobanurire icyo bisobanura, n'icyo ugomba gukora ubutaha.

Bite ho niba hari ikintu kidasanzwe muri iyo raporo?

Biterwa n'uko urwaye. Muganga wawe ashobora kukwohereza ku muganga w'inzobere, nk'inzobere mu by'imitsi , ushobora gusuzuma ikibazo no kuguha uburyo bwo kuvura bukwiye.

Ni ibisanzwe kugira ubwoba gato iyo wumvise ibya EEG. Insinga, electrode, imashini ifata amajwi y'ubwonko ... aya magambo ashobora gutuma tugira ubwoba gato. Ariko mu by'ukuri ni ikizamini kidababaza kandi cyoroshye cyane. Gishobora guha muganga wawe amakuru y'agaciro kenshi ku bibera mu bwonko bwawe.