Ese impyiko zawe zikora neza? Reka tumenye neza ibijyanye n'ikizamini cya eGFR! (Igipimo cy'isesengura rya Glomerular Filtration)

Ese wigeze ubona agaciro kitwa eGFR iyo urebye raporo y'amaraso? Ahari muganga wawe yarabikubwiye. Nubwo bishobora kugaragara nk'ibigoye kuri benshi, mu by'ukuri ni ikizamini cy'ingenzi cyane gipima uburyo impyiko zacu zikora neza. Uyu munsi, turaganira mu buryo bworoshye kandi mu kinyabupfura ku cyo iyi eGFR ari cyo, icyo isobanura, n'icyo iyo ndangagaciro isobanura.

Mu magambo make, eGFR ni iki?

Igisobanuro cyuzuye cya eGFR ni Igipimo cy’isesengura rya Glomerular Filtration Rate . Ntutinye, amagambo ni manini, ariko inkuru ni yoroshye cyane.

Tekereza ko impyiko zawe zifite utuyunguruzo tubarirwa muri za miriyoni imbere muri zo. Tumeze nk'ikiyunguruzo cy'icyayi. Utu twuyunguruzo dukuraho imyanda idakenewe mu maraso yacu, tukayisukura, hanyuma tugasohora iyo myanda mu mubiri wacu binyuze mu nkari. Mu buvuzi, utwo twuyunguruzo duto twitwa glomeruli .

Rero, eGFR ni agaciro kabarwa ingano y'amaraso isukurwa mu munota umwe n'izi filters zitwa glomeruli. Ibi ntibipimwa mu buryo butaziguye, ariko iki giciro kibarwa (cyagereranyijwe) hapimwa creatinine mu rugero rw'amaraso yawe hanyuma ukayishyira mu buryo butandukanye n'imyaka yawe, igitsina, nibindi. Niyo mpamvu yitwa "Igereranyijwe" GFR.

Iki kizamini gifasha abaganga kubona ibimenyetso by'ibibazo by'imikorere y'impyiko zawe hakiri kare, cyane cyane indwara zidakira z'impyiko (CKD) .

Kuki muganga asaba gusuzuma agaciro ka eGFR?

Ubusanzwe ugenzurwa na eGFR yawe nk'igice cy'isuzuma ry'amaraso risanzwe, akenshi rikorwa buri mwaka. Byongeye kandi, niba ufite imwe mu mpamvu zishobora gutera ibyago zavuzwe hano hasi, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gupima eGFR kugira ngo akurikirane ubuzima bw'impyiko zawe.

• Niba urwaye diyabete .
• Niba ufite umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso (Hypertension) .
• Niba ufite indwara y'umutima .
• Niba hari umuntu mu muryango (mama, se, abavandimwe) ufite amateka yo kurwara impyiko .
• Iyo igipimo cy'uburemere bw'umubiri (BMI) kiri hejuru ya 25 (umubyibuho ukabije).
• Niba ukunze kugira indwara zo mu miyoboro y'inkari (UTI) cyangwa imbogamizi mu miyoboro y'inkari.
• Niba ufite indwara zavukanye zigira ingaruka ku mpyiko.
• Niba waratewe impyiko .

Muri ibyo bihe, ibyago byo kwangirika kw'impyiko biba byinshi. Kubwibyo, intego ya muganga ni ukureba buri gihe agaciro ka eGFR no gufata ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose hakiri kare.

Creatinine na Cystatin C ni iki?

Twaganiriye ku buryo bwo kubara eGFR. Ikintu cy'ingenzi gikoreshwa kuri ibyo ni creatinine.

• Creatinine: Muri make, iyi ni imyanda ikorwa iyo imitsi yacu ikora. Iyo tugenda, twiruka, cyangwa dukora akazi ako ari ko kose, dukoresha imbaraga z'imitsi. Imyanda yitwa creatinine ikorwa muri iki gikorwa yirundanya mu maraso. Impyiko zizima zirayiyungurura mu maraso zikayisohora mu nkari. Ariko , iyo impyiko zidakora neza, iyi creatinine itangira kwirundanya mu maraso aho kuyiyungurura. Iyo urwego rwa creatinine mu maraso rukomeje kwiyongera, bivuze ko inzira yo kuyungurura impyiko iba ikennye.

• Cystatin C: Hari igihe, cyane cyane ku bantu bakuze cyangwa abantu bafite imitsi myinshi, creatinine yonyine ishobora kudatanga ishusho nyayo. Urugero rwa creatinine narwo ruterwa n'ibintu nk'imitsi, imyaka, n'imirire. Muri ibyo bihe, abaganga bagenzura urugero rwa poroteyine yitwa Cystatin C mu maraso. Ibi bikorwa n'uturemangingo tw'umubiri wacu, bityo imitsi nta ngaruka igira.

Ese ngomba kwitegura mbere yo gukora ikizamini cya eGFR?

Yego. Iki ni ikizamini gikomeye cyane. Kugira ngo ubone igipimo nyacyo, ugomba gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe neza. Ushobora gusabwa:

• Irinde amasaha make (ushobora kunywa amazi gusa).
• Hagarika kurya inyama umunsi umwe cyangwa ibiri mbere y'ikizamini.
• Hagarika gufata imiti imwe n'imwe urimo gufata igihe gito (menya neza ko uganiriye na muganga wawe kuri ibi).

Iyo udakurikije aya mabwiriza witonze, isuzuma ryawe rya eGFR rishobora kuba ritari ryo. Rero, kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe neza. Ikizamini gikunze gukorwa ufata amaraso make mu mitsi iri mu kuboko kwawe. Ni uburyo bworoshye bufata iminota mike gusa.

Ni iki indangagaciro za eGFR zitubwira? Indwara z'impyiko

Noneho reka tugere ku bintu by'ingenzi. Agaciro ka eGFR muri raporo yawe kavuga iki?

Igipimo cya eGFR cy'umuntu mukuru muzima ni hafi 100. Ni ibisanzwe ko iki gipimo kigabanuka buhoro buhoro uko tugenda dusaza, kabone n'iyo nta ndwara ihari.

Indwara y'impyiko idakira (CKD) igabanyijemo ibice 5 by'ingenzi bishingiye kuri eGFR. Reka turebe ibyo ari byo.

Ni iki gikurikiraho iyo agaciro ka eGFR katari gasanzwe?

Niba eGFR yawe ari nke, muganga wawe azakubwira ko udahangayika kandi azagutegeka ko hakorwa ibindi bipimo bike kugira ngo amenye impamvu nyayo.

• Isuzuma ry'inkari: Iki kizamini gisuzuma poroteyine (cyane cyane albumin) cyangwa amaraso mu nkari. Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso bya mbere by'uko impyiko zangiritse.
• Impyiko zipima ultrasound/CT Scan: Ibi bizamini bifasha kureba ingano n'imiterere y'impyiko, ndetse no kureba niba hari amabuye cyangwa ibibyimba.
• Gupima impyiko: Hari igihe agace gato cyane k'umubiri gakurwa mu mpyiko kagasuzumwa hifashishijwe mikorosikopi. Ibi bifasha kumenya neza indwara n'uburemere bwayo.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bisaba kubonana na muganga?

Indwara y'impyiko akenshi ntigaragaza ibimenyetso mu ntangiriro. Niyo mpamvu ibizamini nka eGFR ari ingenzi. Ariko uko indwara ikomeza kwiyongera, ushobora kubibona. Niba ufite ibi, jya kwa muganga wawe ako kanya.

• Kumva urimo kunyara cyane kurusha uko bisanzwe.
• Uruhu rwumye kandi ruryana.
• Isesemi no kuruka.
• Kubyimba amaboko, ibirenge n'utuguru.
• Kugorwa no guhumeka.
• Kunyeganyega kw'imitsi.
• Kwijima k'uruhu.

Ibi bimenyetso bishobora no kuba ibimenyetso by'izindi ndwara. Kubwibyo, ni byiza kudatinya no gushaka inama kwa muganga kugira ngo umenye impamvu nyayo.