Ese uzi ibijyanye n'ubujyanama mu by'ingirabuzima fatizo? Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye!

Ese wigeze wibaza ukuntu byaba byiza iyo haba hari uburyo bwo kumenya mbere y'igihe indwara zimwe na zimwe zigaragara mu miryango yacu, cyangwa indwara zimwe na zimwe abana bacu bashobora kurwara? Hari igihe twibaza tuti 'Ni nde nabwira ibi bintu, kandi nabibaza nte?' Icyo gihe ni bwo ikintu cyitwa Genetic Counseling gishobora kudufasha cyane. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane, reka tubiganireho birambuye uyu munsi.

Ubujyanama mu by'ingirabuzimafatizo ni iki?

Mu magambo make, ubujyanama ku ngirabuzimafatizo ni inzira iguha amakuru yerekeye indwara zishobora kugira ingaruka kuri wewe cyangwa ku muntu wo mu muryango wawe. Ibi bishobora kuba ingenzi kuri wowe gusa, ndetse no ku muntu uwo ari we wese wo mu muryango wawe. Ushobora gushaka ubu bujyanama igihe utwite cyangwa uteganya gutwita.

Ibi bikubiyemo gusuzuma neza amateka y'ubuzima bwawe n'amateka y'umuryango wawe kugira ngo urebe niba uri mu kaga ko kurwara indwara y'uturemangingo cyangwa niba abana bawe bafite ibyago byo kurwara indwara nk'iyo. Iyo bibaye ngombwa, gupima imiterere y'uturemangingo bishobora kugirwa inama yo kubisuzuma neza.

None se aba bajyanama mu by'imiterere y'umubiri ni bande?

Abajyanama mu by’imiterere y’umubiri ni inzobere bize siyansi na siyansi y’imiterere y’umubiri ku rwego rwa kaminuza hanyuma bakabona impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza mu bujyanama mu by’imiterere y’umubiri. Bashobora kuguha wowe n’umuryango wawe ubufasha n’ubuyobozi ukeneye niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mufite ikibazo cy’imiterere y’umubiri. Bashobora kandi kukubwira niba mufite ibyago byo kurwara indwara y’umubiri cyangwa niba umwana wanyu afite ibyago byo kurwara iyo ndwara.

Ni mu bihe ibihe inama zitangwa n'ubujyanama ku bijyanye n'ibijyanye n'ingirabuzimafatizo (genetic Counseling)?

Muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kuguha inama ku bijyanye n'imiterere y'umubiri kubera impamvu zitandukanye. Ushobora gushaka kumenya ibyago byawe byo kurwara indwara y'umubiri. Cyangwa ushobora gushaka kumenya ibyago byawe byo kwanduza umwana wawe indwara.

Ku bijyanye n'ubuzima bwawe.

Ushobora gutekereza ku bujyanama mu by’uturemangingo kugira ngo umenye byinshi ku byago byawe byo kurwara indwara zimwe na zimwe. Urugero, mu gihe cya kanseri y’ibere , impinduka zimwe na zimwe mu turemangingo nka `(BRCA1)` na `(BRCA2)` byongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri. Ushobora kandi kumenya niba ukomoka mu bwoko runaka bufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara runaka.Niba ari uko bimeze, ubujyanama ku ngirabuzimafatizo bushobora kuba ingirakamaro. Urugero, Abayahudi ba Ashkenazi bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara ya Tay-Sachs. Abajyanama ku ngirabuzimafatizo bashobora kugufasha gufata icyemezo niba ukwiye gupimwa impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo zijyanye n'iyi ndwara. Ubu bujyanama ni ingenzi no ku zindi ndwara nyinshi.

Ku bijyanye no gutwita kwawe

Ushobora gutekereza ku bujyanama ku bijyanye n'imiterere y'umubiri mu gihe utwite. Niba wowe cyangwa abo mu muryango w'umukunzi wawe musanzwe mufite indwara y'umubiri, ushobora kumenya niba hari ibyago by'uko umwana wawe azaragwa iyo ndwara.

Hari indwara nyinshi zitandukanye umujyanama wawe mu by’imiterere y’umubiri ashobora kukubwira. Urugero:

• Indwara nka "indwara y'uturemangingo tw'umusonga".
• Ingorane zo kuvukana nk'ubumuga bw'umutima cyangwa iminwa n'amagayane.

Ubujyanama ku ngirabuzimafatizo z'umwana utwite nabwo bushobora kugufasha muri ibi bihe:

• Niba ufite ibibazo byo kutabyara cyangwa warakuyemo inda inshuro zirenze ebyiri.
• Niba warabyaye umwana wapfuye, cyangwa niba warapfushije umwana nyuma gato yo kuvuka.
• Niba uwo uteganya kubyara ari uwo mu muryango wawe w'amaraso.
• Niba usanzwe ufite umwana ufite ikibazo cy’uturemangingo cyangwa ufite inenge yavutse.
• Niba uteganya gutwita umaze imyaka 35 cyangwa usanzwe utwite.

Ku bijyanye n'ubuzima bw'umwana wawe

Niba scan za ultrasound cyangwa ibindi bipimo by’ubwishingizi bw’umwana utwite byagaragaje ko hashobora kuba hari ikibazo, ni byiza kubanza gutekereza ku bujyanama ku ngirabuzimafatizo mbere y’uko umwana wawe avuka.

Nanone, niba umwana wawe avukanye ubumuga bw’uturemangingo cyangwa afite inenge yavutse, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kumuha inama ku bijyanye n’uturemangingo.

Niba ikizamini cyo gupima umwana wavutse nyuma yo kuvuka kigaragaza ko umwana afite ibyago byo kurwara indwara ya genetiki, ni ngombwa gushaka inama muri icyo gihe.

Kuki Ubujyanama mu by'Ubumenyi bw'Ingirabuzimafatizo ari ingenzi?

Umujyanama mu by’imiterere y’umubiri ashobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa ibyago byawe byo kurwara indwara y’umubiri cyangwa kubyara umwana ufite indwara y’umubiri. Azasuzuma iyi ngaruka ashingiye ku mateka y’ubuzima bwawe n’amateka y’umuryango wawe.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibipimo bya ADN bushobora kuguha amakuru ukeneye?Umujyanama mu by’imiterere y’uturemangingo azakubwira niba ufite indwara iyo ari yo yose ijyanye n’imiterere y’uturemangingo. Azasobanura kandi uburyo ibizamini bya ADN bikora. Ibi birimo indwara bashobora kubona n’izo badashobora kubona, ndetse n’uburyo zigenda neza.

Umujyanama wawe mu by’uturemangingo yahuguwe by’umwihariko kugira ngo agufashe gufata icyemezo niba gupima imiterere y’uturemangingo ari amahitamo meza kuri wewe. Bazakubwira ingaruka zo gupima imiterere y’uturemangingo n’uburyo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bw’amarangamutima n’ubwo mu mutwe . Bazagufasha wowe n’umuryango wawe mu gufata ibyemezo byiza ku buzima bwawe.

Abajyanama mu by’imiterere y’umubiri bazakubwira ikiguzi cyo gupima imiterere y’umubiri n’uko ubwishingizi bwawe buzishyura.

Iyo ubonye ibisubizo by’ibizamini byagaragaje ko ufite ubwandu , umujyanama mu by’uturemangingo azakubwira icyo bivuze n’ingamba zikurikiraho. Azagufasha kandi kubwira umuryango wawe uko umeze.

Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cyo gutanga inama ku bijyanye n'imiterere y'umubiri?

Inama yawe y'ubujyanama ku ngirabuzimafatizo izatangirana n'ikiganiro kirambuye ku mateka yawe y'ubuvuzi n'ay'umuryango. Akoresheje aya makuru, umujyanama mu ngirabuzimafatizo azareba uburyo amateka yawe ashobora kugira ingaruka kuri wowe cyangwa ku bana bawe.

Umujyanama wawe mu by’imiterere y’umubiri azagukorera igiti cy’umuryango . Ibi bivuze ko azandika amakuru arambuye ku babyeyi bawe, ba sogokuru na ba nyirasenge, ba nyirasenge, ba nyirarume n’abana babo. Iki giti cy’umuryango kizandika amakuru arambuye nko kuba mu muryango wawe hari abo barwaye indwara runaka, imyaka bari bafite igihe barwaraga iyo ndwara, ndetse niba bakiriho.

Hashingiwe ku mateka y'ubuzima bwawe, umujyanama mu by'imiterere y'umubiri ashobora no gukoresha igikoresho cyo gusuzuma kugira ngo agufashe kumenya ibyago byo kurwara indwara zimwe na zimwe mu ngirabuzimafatizo zawe.

Umujyanama mu by’imiterere y’umubiri azakubwira ibyiza n’ibibi byo gupima imiterere y’umubiri. Azakubwira kandi ikizamini cy’imiterere y’umubiri gikubereye. Azakubwira kandi amategeko arengera ibanga ry’amakuru yawe mu by’imiterere y’umubiri. Niba uhisemo gupima imiterere y’umubiri, umujyanama mu by’imiterere y’umubiri azagufasha gutegura gahunda y’ibizamini bikenewe. Azagusobanurira byose mu buryo bwiza ushobora gusobanukirwa.

Ni iki kibaho nyuma yo guhabwa inama ku bijyanye n'ibijyanye n'ingirabuzima fatizo?

Nyuma y'inama yawe, umujyanama mu by'uturemangingo azaguha amakuru ajyanye n'isuzuma ry'ibyago byawe ndetse n'uburyo bwihariye bwo gupima ADN buhari.

Niba waragusabye gupima imiterere y’umubiri, umujyanama mu by’imiterere y’umubiri azagufasha gusobanukirwa ibisubizo by’ibizamini byawe. Azagusobanurira icyo ibisubizo bivuze, urugero nk’ibyago byawe byo kurwara indwara runaka. Azaguha kopi y’ibyavuye mu ibizamini n’incamake y’icyo ibisubizo bivuze.

Umujyanama mu by’imiterere y’umubiri ashobora kugufasha gufata ibyemezo ku bijyanye na gahunda zawe z’ubuzima mu gihe kizaza. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo kuganira ku bindi bipimo cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvurwa . Bashobora kandi kukwohereza ku muganga w’inzobere cyangwa itsinda rishinzwe ubufasha rijyanye n’uburwayi bwawe.

Wibuke ko niba ufite ikibazo cy’ubuzima mu bijyanye n’imiterere y’umubiri, umujyanama wawe mu by’imiterere y’umubiri ni urubuga rugufasha kandi ruhoraho wowe n’umuryango wawe. Ibi si ibintu bibaho mu ijoro rimwe, kandi ushobora kubasaba ubufasha igihe cyose ubikeneye.

Ubujyanama ku bijyanye n'imiterere y'umubiri bushobora kugufasha kumenya ibyago byo kurwara indwara y'umubiri cyangwa kuyitera umwana wawe. Abajyanama ku bijyanye n'imiterere y'umubiri bashobora gutanga amakuru y'ingenzi ku bijyanye n'uburyo imiterere y'umubiri wawe igira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe. Bashobora gusobanura amahitamo yawe yo gupima imiterere y'umubiri n'uko ibizamini bya ADN bikora. Abajyanama ku bijyanye n'imiterere y'umubiri bashobora kugufasha no kukuyobora mu gufata ibyemezo byiza kuri wewe n'umuryango wawe.

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo!

Sawa, ukurikije ibyo twavuze, ugomba gusobanukirwa ko ubujyanama mu by’uturemangingo atari ikintu cyo gutinya, kandi ko nabyo ari ingenzi cyane.

• Ubumenyi: Ni byiza kumenya amakuru yerekeye indwara zishobora kugira ingaruka kuri wewe cyangwa ku muryango wawe.
• Ibyemezo bikwiye: Ibi bizagufasha gufata ibyemezo bikwiye ku bijyanye n'ubuzima bwawe, kuboneza urubyaro, cyangwa ubuzima bw'abana bawe usanzwe ufite.
• Ubutabazi bwo mu mutwe: Hari igihe twumva dufite ubwoba butari ngombwa bitewe no kubura ubumenyi. Hamwe n'ibisobanuro bitangwa binyuze mu bujyanama mu by'imiterere y'umubiri, ubwo bwoba n'amakenga birashira, tukumva dufite impumuro nziza yo mu mutwe.
• Ubufasha n'ubuyobozi: Ni imbaraga zikomeye kumenya ko utari wenyine muri uru rugendo, kandi ko hari umuntu wo kuvugana nawe no gusaba ubufasha mu kibazo icyo ari cyo cyose.

Kubwibyo, niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa gushidikanya ku kintu nk'iki, ntutindiganye kuvugana na muganga no gushaka inama ku bijyanye n'uturemangingo. Ushobora kuba ari wo mwanzuro mwiza ushobora gufata kuri wowe n'umuryango wawe!

Ubujyanama ku ngirabuzimafatizo , indwara z’ingirabuzimafatizo, gutwita, ubuzima bw’umuryango, gupima ADN, ibyago by’ingirabuzimafatizo, ubumuga bwo kuvukana