Ese umwana wawe afite amezi 4? Ni iki kibaho mu isuzuma rya muganga (Gusura umwana: Amezi 4)? Reka tuganire!

Umwana wawe w’umuhungu afite amezi ane ubu, si byo se? Amagambo ntashobora gusobanura ibyishimo wumva mu gihe umwana wawe akura kandi akiga ibintu bishya. Ni ngombwa kubonana na muganga wawe cyangwa umuforomo muri iki gihe kugira ngo umenye ubuzima bw'umwana wawe n'imikurire ye. Reka turebe uko bigenda muri iki gikorwa cyo gusuzumwa cy'amezi 4 n'ibyo ukeneye kumenya.

Bigenda bite iyo ugiye kwa muganga kuri iyi nshuro?

Iyo uhuye na muganga cyangwa umuforomo, bazasuzuma ibintu byinshi ku mwana wawe kandi bakubaze ibibazo. Ntugahangayike, byose babikora ku bw'inyungu z'umwana.

Uburyo bwo gukurikirana imikurire y'umwana

Ubwa mbere, umuganga cyangwa umuforomo azapima ibiro by'umwana, uburebure (uburebure), n'umuzenguruko w'umutwe . Hanyuma, bazashushanya ibi bipimo ku mbonerahamwe yihariye yitwa "imbonerahamwe y'imikurire." Ubu ni bwo buryo bashobora kumenya niba umwana arimo gukura neza. Ni ukuvuga ko niba umwana arimo gukura ku gipimo gikwiye imyaka ye, umutwe w'umwana uzakura.

Ibibazo muganga abaza n'inama ushobora gutanga

Hanyuma, muganga azakubaza ibyerekeye umwana wawe. Ushobora kubaza ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose cyangwa impungenge ufite muri iki gihe. Bazaguha kandi inama z'ingirakamaro.

Ku bijyanye n'ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa

Muri iki gihe, umwana wawe azaba agikeneye amashereka cyangwa amata y'ifu . Abana baba biteguye gutangira kurya ibiryo bikomeye bafite amezi atandatu. Ibi bivuze ibintu nk'ibinyampeke bikungahaye ku butare n'inyama zikozwe mu ifu. Ariko, mbere yo gutangira kurya ibiryo bikomeye, ugomba kuvugana na muganga wawe . Ni we uzakubwira niba umwana wawe yiteguye kurya ibiryo bikomeye n'icyo agomba kumuha.

Ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo kunyara no kwituma

Abana b'iki gihe bagomba kunyara inshuro nyinshi ku munsi, bivuze ko bagomba kuvoma imyenda myinshi. Bagomba kandi kwiyuhagira buri gihe. Hari abana biyuhagira buri munsi, abandi biyuhagira buri minsi ibiri cyangwa itatu. Igihe cyose imyanda yoroshye, ni ibisanzwe . Ariko niba imyanda yumye, ikomeye nk'ibuye, cyangwa isa n'aho igoye kuyinyuramo, ugomba kubimenyesha muganga wawe.

Ku bijyanye n'ibitotsi

Abana bari muri iki kigero baryama amasaha ari hagati ya 12 na 16 ku munsi. Ibi birimo no gusinzira ku manywa. Abana benshi baryama amasaha agera kuri 5 kugeza kuri 6 nijoro. Ariko, abana, cyane cyane abonsa , bashobora gukanguka kenshi . Ibi ni ibisanzwe.

Ku bijyanye n'iterambere ry'umwana (intambwe z'iterambere ry'umwana)

Ku mezi 4, umwana wawe azaba yatangiye gukora ibintu bishya byinshi. Reba niba umwana wawe akora ibi bintu:

• Ese iyo uvuga uhindukiza umutwe wawe ku ruhande?
• Nka 'Uu', 'Aaah'Ese bavuga amajwi nk'ay'inyoni (zirimo gucura)?
• Ese asubiza avuza urusaku iyo uganiriye na we?
• Uraseka gato, uraseka? (Ibi ntabwo ari uguseka cyane )
• Iyo bakubonye, ​​ese bakwimuka cyangwa bagakora urusaku kugira ngo bakumenye?
• Ese ureba amaboko yawe bwite ushishikajwe?
• Ese uzafata igikinisho nugiguha?
• Ese ukomeza umutwe wawe ugororotse mu gihe uwufashe?
• Ese bazamuka ku nkokora/amaboko yabo baryamye ku nda?
• Ese ukoresha amaboko yawe mu gukinisha ibikinisho?

Tekereza gato, utwo tuntu twose turimo kutwereka uko ubwonko bw'umwana wawe burimo gukura.

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Ariko, niba umwana wawe atarakora kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bintu, cyangwa niba asa n'aho akora ikintu nk'uko yabikoraga mbere, vugana na muganga wawe kuri ibyo . Nta kintu na kimwe cyo guhangayikishwa nacyo, ariko ni byiza kubimenya.

Gusuzuma umubiri wose

Hanyuma, muganga azakuramo imyenda yose y'umwana imbere yawe hanyuma akore isuzuma ryuzuye ry'umubiri . Ibi bizaba birimo gusuzuma amaso y'umwana, kumva umutima, kugenzura uko umutima utera, kugenzura amagufwa yo mu kibuno, no kwita ku ngendo z'umwana.

Ugomba kandi kwibuka ibijyanye n'inkingo.

Inkingo ni ingenzi cyane mu kurinda umwana wawe indwara zikomeye. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa guha umwana wawe inkingo ku gihe. Gahunda yo gukingira ishobora gutandukana gato bitewe n'ivuriro rimwe. Kubwibyo, saba muganga wawe kugira ngo amenye inkingo zitangwa kuri iyi nshuro n'izizatangwa ubutaha.

Imibereho myiza y'umubyeyi mu mutwe na yo ni ingenzi (Ihungabana ryo mu mutwe nyuma yo kubyara)

Urabizi, ni ibisanzwe ko ababyeyi bababara kandi bakumva bafite agahinda nyuma yo kubyara. Ibi byitwa ihungabana nyuma yo kubyara . Iki ni ikintu ababyeyi benshi bashobora guhura na cyo. Kubwibyo, muganga w'umwana wawe ashobora kukubaza iby'ibyishimo byawe n'uko umeze mu mutwe. Bashobora kandi kugufasha kuzuza urutonde rw'ibibazo. Ibi ni ukugufasha, ntabwo ari ikindi kintu icyo ari cyo cyose.

Ese twagombye kwibuka ibi bintu kugeza igihe tuzasuzumisha (mu mezi 6)?

Noneho reka turebe ibindi bintu ukeneye kugira ngo wite ku mwana wawe kugeza igihe azasuzumirwa mu mezi 6 ari imbere.

Byinshi ku byerekeye ibiryo n'ibinyobwa

• Nkuko byavuzwe mbere,Umwana aracyakeneye amashereka cyangwa amata y'ifu gusa.
• Abana benshi baba biteguye gutangira kurya ibiryo bikomeye bafite amezi atandatu. Ariko hari abana bashobora kuba biteguye mbere gato. Niba muganga wawe akubwiye gutangira ibiryo bikomeye , ibuka ibi bintu:
• Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite ubwivumbure ku biribwa, bwira muganga wawe ibyabyo .
• Tangira n'ingano nto y'ibinyampeke byuzuyemo icyuma givanze n'amata y'ibere cyangwa amata y'ifu . Cyangwa, ushobora gutangira n'ibindi biribwa bikungahaye kuri icyuma, nk'inyama zikozwe mu ifu .
• Koresha ikiyiko gito cyakorewe abana bato (ikiyiko cy'uruhinja) kugira ngo ubahe. Ntugatange ibinyampeke mu icupa ry'amata.
• Niba umwana wawe asa n'aho arimo gusunika ibiryo cyane akoresheje ururimi rwe, ashobora kuba ataraba yiteguye ibiryo bikomeye. Ongera ugerageze nyuma y'icyumweru kimwe.
• Ntugahe umwana wawe ibindi biryo bikomeye kugeza igihe azaba amenyereye kurya ibinyampeke mu kiyiko.
• Shyiramo ibiryo bishya rimwe na rimwe . Tegereza iminsi mike mbere yo kuzana ibiryo bishya bikurikira kugira ngo urebe niba hari ingaruka mbi ku mubiri.
• Niba wonsa, komeza gutanga inyunganizi za Vitamine D. Abana bonsa bashobora no gukenera inyunganizi za feri kugeza igihe babonye feri ihagije mu biribwa barya. Vugana na muganga wawe kuri ibi.
• Itondere ibimenyetso umwana wawe atanga iyo ashonje n'iyo ahaze .
• Ntugatange umutobe w'imbuto kugeza ku mezi 12 y'amavuko.
• Ntugashyire amacupa y'amata ku kintu icyo ari cyo cyose, cyangwa ngo uryamishe umwana wawe icupa riri mu kanwa ke.

Ibi bintu ni ingenzi kandi mu gihe wita ku mwana wawe (mwitaho buri munsi)

• Abana benshi batangira kumera amenyo bafite amezi ane . Ibi bishobora kubabaza gato. Kugira ngo worohereze ububabare, ha umwana wawe igitambaro cyo kumesa gisukuye kandi gitose cyangwa igikinisho cyo kumera amenyo (amenyo). Baza muganga wawe niba ushobora kumuha acetaminophen (urugero: Panadol) ku bubabare.
• Sukura ishinya ry'umwana wawe uhanagura witonze ukoresheje igitambaro gisukuye kandi gitose cyangwa uburoso bw'amenyo bworoshye cyane .
• Muririmbe indirimbo, muganire, musome ibitabo, mukine n'umwana wanyu. Impinja ziga neza iyo ziganira n'abantu.
• Igihe cyo kureba amashusho nka televiziyo, videwo na telefoni si cyiza ku bana b'iki gihe. Ariko, nta kibazo kuvugana n'umuntu uri kure ukoresheje videwo.
• Iyo umwana wawe akangutse, mukine ku nda ye uri mu mwanya wawe (igihe cyo ku nda).Ibi bizafasha gukomeza imitsi yo mu ijosi rye no mu mugongo. Bizafasha umwana gukurura no kuzunguruka ahantu hatekanye.
• Gabanya igihe umwana wawe amara mu ntebe z'uruhinja, mu maguru, no mu maguru .
• Ni ibisanzwe kumva unaniwe kandi uremerewe cyane igihe uri umubyeyi mushya. Ariko niba ibyo byiyumvo bikomeye cyane, cyangwa niba wumva ubabaye, urakaye, cyangwa uhangayitse, vugana na muganga wawe .
• Niba ufite ibibazo bijyanye n'imibereho yawe (urugero: ibyo kurya, aho kuba, ubwishingizi bw'ubuzima), vugana na muganga wawe kuri ibyo bibazo . Bashobora kukubwira ibijyanye n'umutungo rusange cyangwa bakakohereza ku mukozi ushinzwe imibereho myiza y'abaturage.

Umutekano w'umwana ni wo uza mbere!

Ni ngombwa cyane gutekereza ku mutekano muri iki gihe, kuko umwana azatangira kuzunguruka no kujugunya amaguru ye.

Ni gute wakwirinda indwara y’urupfu rw’uruhinja rutunguranye (SIDS)?

Indwara yo gupfa kw'uruhinja mu buryo butunguranye (SIDS) ni ikintu twese dutinya. Dore bimwe mu bintu ushobora gukora kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kurwara:

• Mu gihe uryamisha umwana wawe, buri gihe umuryamishe aryamye , kuri matelas ikomeye kandi irambuye . Ntukigere umuryamisha ku nda cyangwa ku ruhande. Umuryamishe mu gitanda cyangwa mu gitanda. Ntugashyiremo udupfunyika tw'abana, ibiringiti, imisego, cyangwa ibikinisho byoroshye mu gitanda.
• Niba bishoboka, konsa umwana wawe .
• Kugeza ku isabukuru y'umwana wawe, cyangwa nibura kugeza agize amezi 6 (ibyago byo kurwara SIDS biba byinshi muri iki gihe), ryama mu buriri butandukanye mu cyumba cyawe, iruhande rw'igitanda cyawe . Ntukigere ureka umwana wawe aryame mu buriri bwawe (gusangira igitanda).
• Komeza ubushyuhe bw'icyumba kandi urinde umwana ubushyuhe bukabije . Ambika umwana neza hakurikijwe ubushyuhe bw'icyumba. Ntukambike imyenda irenze urugero . Ntupfuke umutwe mu gihe usinziriye. Reba niba ibyuya n'ubushyuhe bw'umubiri bihari.
• Niba bishoboka, reka umwana wawe aryamanye na pacifier . Niba umwana wawe adakunda pacifier, ntuyihatire kuyishyiramo. Niba pacifier yamizwe asinziriye, ntuyisubizemo. Niba wonsa, muhe pacifier umwana wawe amaze kumenyera konsa.
• Ntureke umwana wawe aryama mu bikoresho bitagenewe kuryamamo (urugero: intebe zo mu modoka, imisego yo kugaburira, intebe z'abana, nibindi).
• Ntugakoreshe ibikoresho (urugero: ibikoresho byo gusinzira, ibikoresho bipima umuvuduko w'umutima) bivuga ko bigabanya ibyago byo kurwara SIDS . Nta bikoresho bikora ibi mu by'ukuri.
• Menya neza ko ikintu cyose ukoresha kugira ngo usinzirize umwana wawe cyujuje ibisabwa mu mutekano byemejwe n'ikigo cyemewe, nka Komisiyo ishinzwe umutekano w'ibicuruzwa by'abaguzi muri Amerika (CPSC) .

Izindi nama z'ingenzi ku mutekano

• Ntukigere ukoresha utumashini two gutembereza abana bato. Ni akaga cyane kandi dushobora gutera imvune zikomeye. Abagenda n'amaguru nabo ntibashishikariza kugenda kandi mu by'ukuri bashobora kubitinza.
• Umwana wawe azahita atangira kurambura ukuboko no gufata ibintu no kubishyira mu kanwa ke . Rero, ntugasige ibintu bito cyangwa uburozi aho ashobora kubikura. Ntugasige ibikinisho bifite insinga, imigozi, cyangwa udukingirizo hafi aho.
• Ntugasige umwana wawe wenyine igihe ari maso, cyane cyane ahantu hirengeye (ibitanda, sofa) cyangwa mu bwogero .
• Ntuzigere unyeganyeza umwana wawe - bishobora gutera kuva amaraso mu bwonko ndetse no gupfa. Niba wumva urakaye cyangwa uhangayikishijwe n'uko ushobora gukomeretsa umwana wawe, shyira umwana wawe ahantu hatekanye (mu buriri) maze uhagarare hanze iminota mike. Hamagara inshuti, umuvandimwe, cyangwa muganga wawe kugira ngo agufashe.
• Jyana umwana wawe mu mwanya w'inyuma mu modoka, mu mwanya w'inyuma . Ntugasige umwana wawe wenyine mu modoka.
• Ntukanywe itabi, ntukoreshe itabi rya elegitoroniki, cyangwa vape . Ntukareke undi muntu wese abikora hafi y'umwana wawe.
• Rinda umwana wawe ku zuba uko bishoboka kose. Umwambike imyenda kandi umushyire mu gicucu. Ntibyemewe ko urinda izuba ku bana bari munsi y'amezi 6. Ariko, niba nta burinzi buhagije ku zuba n'imyenda, ushobora gusigwa amavuta make cyane ku mwana uri munsi y'amezi 6 (baza muganga wawe ibi).

Amaherezo, ngomba kuvuga... (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Rero, ndizera ko ubu ufite igitekerezo cyiza ku bijyanye no gusuzumwa k'umwana wawe w'amezi 4. Ibi byose bikorwa ku buzima bwawe n'ubw'umwana wawe . Wibuke ko niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa gushidikanya, ntugatinye kubaza muganga cyangwa umuforomo. Barahari kugira ngo bagufashe.

Nkwifurije ibyiza byose wowe n'umwana wawe kugira ngo mugire ubuzima bwiza kandi buzira umuze!

"Ubuzima bw'umwana, gusuzumwa amezi 4, gukura k'umwana, imikurire y'umwana, ibiryo bikomeye, umutekano w'umwana, SIDS, inkingo, kwiheba nyuma yo kubyara