Ese wigeze wibaza uburyo ijwi ryawe risohoka, uburyo aya magambo akorwa iyo tuvuga kandi turirimba? Igice gito ariko cy'ingenzi cyane cy'umuhogo wacu kidufasha cyane muri ibi. Icyo gice cyitwa glottis. Ushobora kuba utari warigeze wumva iri zina mbere. Ariko nta kibazo, uyu munsi tugiye kurivugaho mu buryo bworoshye.

None se, ni iki kiba muri iyi glottis? Kuki ari ingenzi ku mibiri yacu?

Mu magambo make, glottis yawe ni agace kari hagati mu gasanduku k'ijwi ryawe, cyangwa mu ruhu. Niho imitsi y'ijwi ryawe (cyangwa imitsi y'ijwi) iherereye. Harimo kandi umwanya uri hagati y'imitsi y'ijwi n'agatsi kayijyana.

Abantu benshi batekereza ko larynx ari agasanduku gafite imivugo igize ijwi. Ariko, mu bice by'imivugo, imivugo yawe iri muri iki gice cyitwa glottis gusa. Ni ukubera iyi mivugo n'imivugo bituma ushobora kuvuga no gukora amajwi abandi bashobora kukumenya.

Indwara y'urumogi ikora imirimo itatu y'ingenzi:

1. Bigufasha guhumeka: Ubusanzwe, imitsi y'ijwi yawe iba ifunguye mu ishusho ya "V" imbere mu gituza. Iyo uhumeka, umwuka uva mu mazuru yawe cyangwa mu kanwa unyura muri iyi mitsi y'ijwi ifunguye ukagera mu muhogo wawe no mu bihaha byawe. Iyo uhumeka, imitsi y'ijwi iguma ifunguye.

2. Bibuza ibiryo kwinjira mu bihaha: Iyo umize ikintu, epiglottis, igice gisa n'ikibando cy'agahu kawe ko hejuru, ifunga umuryango w'agahu. Hanyuma, ibiryo bimanuka mu muhogo aho kujya mu muhogo. Muri icyo gihe, imitsi y'ijwi ryawe nayo ifunga imbere mu gahu. Ubu ni ubundi buryo bw'umutekano bubuza ibiryo kwinjira mu nzira y'ubuhumekero. Tekereza ukuntu byagorana ibiryo bike cyangwa amazi bijya mu muhogo wawe! Ubu buryo buriho kugira ngo budakomeza kuba.

3. Bigufasha gukora amajwi: Iyo utangiye kuvuga cyangwa kuririmba, imitsi y'ijwi irafungana. Umwuka uva mu bihaha byawe winjira munsi y'imitsi y'ijwi, kandi iyo uwo mwuka ugeze ku rugero ruhagije, imitsi y'ijwi itangira kunyeganyega. Uko kunyeganyega niko gutuma habaho imiraba y'ijwi. Ushobora kuvuga no gukora amajwi atandukanye bitewe n'imitingito iba mu mitsi.

Guhagarara kw'isi yose ni iki? Reka dusobanukirwe gato.

Uku guhagarara kw'urusaku ni uburyo bwiza bwo gusobanukirwa uburyo urusaku rugufasha kuvuga.Gerageza ikintu cyitwa "Glottal Stop." Amajwi menshi atangirira mu majwi yawe, hanyuma ijwi rigaca mu mwanya uri hejuru ya glottis, rigaca mu nsinusi zawe, rigaca mu kanwa kawe, aho rigira imiterere yaryo yihariye. Ariko muri "Glottal Stop," ijwi ritangira rigahera mu majwi.

Kugira ngo ukore Glottal Stop, ugomba guhagarika inzira y'umwuka muri Glottis mu gihe ukora ijwi ry'inyajwi. Tekereza nko kuvuga "uh-oh." Cyangwa, vuga "t" mu ijambo "umujyi" utavuze (si-e). Iyo ubikoze, imigozi y'ijwi ryawe irahinda mu ntangiriro y'ijambo, hanyuma igafunga vuba hagati (urugero, nyuma ya "a" muri "a-uh" cyangwa nyuma ya "si" muri "si-e"). Uhagarika ijwi muri Glottis. Noneho, gerageza kuvuga "t" mu ijambo "umujyi" neza. Uzirinda Glottal Stop.

Gerageza gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati y'uko ijwi ryumvikana iyo rihagaze muri glottis muri ubu buryo, n'uko ryumvikana iyo uvuze amagambo bisanzwe utayavuze.

Iyi glottis iherereye he neza neza?

Imboro yawe iherereye inyuma ya karitsiye ya tiroyide, ari yo igufwa ryo mu muhogo wawe, cyangwa pome ya Adam. Iherereye hagati y'igice cyo hejuru cy'umuhogo wawe (cyitwa supraglottis) n'igice cyo hasi (cyitwa subglottis).

• Supraglottis: Aha ni agace gafite ishusho nk'iy'umurambararo kari imbere mu ijosi ryawe gahera hejuru y'igufwa rya hyoid kugeza kuri glottis. Aha niho epiglottis yawe iherereye, kandi niho uzasangamo uduce tw'urukiramende (twitwa ventricular folds, rimwe na rimwe twitwa "false vocal cords").
• Glottis: Ibi biva ku mupaka wo hasi wa supraglottis bikagera ku mupaka wo hejuru wa subglottis.
• Subglottis: Ibi biva hasi kuri glottis bikagera kuri cricoid cartilage (agatsi kameze nk'uruziga gakikije umuyoboro w'umwuka).

Ni ibihe bice bya Glottis?

Indirimbo ifite imiterere ibiri y'ingenzi: imivugire yawe n'umwobo uri hagati yayo, rima glottidis .

• Imitsi y'ijwi: Iyi ni imitsi ibiri igenzura ijwi ryawe (uko riri hejuru cyangwa hasi). Imitsi minini kandi ikomeye itanga ijwi rito (rikomeye), naho imitsi mito kandi yoroheje itanga ijwi rito (ryoroshye).
• Rima Glottidis:Uyu ni umwobo uri hagati y'imitsi y'ijwi ryawe. Iyo rima glottidis ifunguye, umwuka ushobora kunyura mu mitsi y'ijwi. Iyo uvuga, rima glottidis irafunze. Umwuka unyura mu mitsi y'ijwi. Muri ubu buryo bwo gufunga, imitingito ituma zigongana ikora ijwi.

Impumyi yawe irimo kandi imitsi itera ijwi , imitsi , n'imitsi ishyigikira kandi igakora imitsi yawe. Ijwi ryawe riterwa ahanini n'ingano n'uburemere bw'imitsi yawe, ariko uburyo uyigenzura nabyo bigira ingaruka kuri ibi. Urugero, iyi mitsi ishobora gukomera cyangwa ikaruhuka iyo wiganye ijwi rihumeka cyangwa uririmba cyane.

Ese glottis isa ite?

Iyo urebye glottis uri hejuru, ushobora kwibutswa ijisho ry'injangwe. Tekereza rima glottidis nk'imboni y'umukara iri hagati mu jisho, n'imivugire nk'uruhande rw'iburyo n'ibumoso rw'uwo munyeshuri.

Isura y'amajwi iratandukanye bitewe n'uko rima glottidis yawe ifunguye cyangwa ifunze. Iyo ifunze, imivugire y'ijwi irahuzwa hamwe kandi ikagira umurongo. Iyo rima glottidis ifunguye, urashobora kubona ishusho ya "V", aho imivugire y'ijwi ikora impande z'ibumoso n'iburyo za "V".

Ni izihe ndwara n'ibibazo bigira ingaruka ku matuza?

Hari indwara nyinshi zishobora kugira ingaruka ku matuza. Reka turebere hamwe izo ari zo:

• Glottic Stenosis: Ubu ni ubwoko bwa stenosis yo mu muhogo. Glottic stenosis ni igihe glottis yawe iba nto cyane. Ishobora kuboneka igihe umuntu avuka. Cyangwa ishobora kuvuka nyuma y'uko inkovu ivutse bitewe n'igikomere cyangwa ubwandu.
• Kunanirwa k'ijwi: Muri iyi ndwara, imitsi y'ijwi ntifunga neza iyo uvuga. Ibi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurya no kunywa mu muhogo (aspiration). Bishobora kandi gutera ibimenyetso nko gushwara no kugorwa no kumira.
• Kanseri y'ijisho: Iyi ni ubwoko bwa kanseri yo mu muhogo. Kanseri y'ijisho itangirira mu mitsi y'ijwi cyangwa mu ngingo ziyishyigikira mu mitsi.

Nanone, indwara zigira ingaruka ku mitsi y'ijwi ryawe zishobora no kugira ingaruka ku mitsi. Zimwe muri zo zirimo:

• Laryngitis (iyi ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane)
• Laryngospasm (gutungurana gutunguranye k'umuhogo)
• Kunanirwa k'imitsi (Disphonia) (Ibibazo by'ijwi biterwa no guhangayika kw'imitsi)
• Reinke's Edema (indwara ituma imitsi y'ijwi ibyimba)
• Ihindagurika ry'ijwi riterwa n'ikibazo cy'imitsi mu mitsi y'ijwi
• Kuziba kw'imikaya yo mu bwonko (cyahoze cyitwaga kudakora neza k'umuyoboro w'amajwi)
• Utunyangingo tw'umuyoboro w'ijwi, polyps, na cysts
• Kurema kw'imitsi y'ijwi cyangwa Paresis (Kurema kw'imitsi y'ijwi cyangwa Paresis)

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bisanzwe by'ikibazo cya glottis?

Niba ufite ikibazo kigira ingaruka ku ruhu rwawe, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso nk'ibi bikurikira:

• Guhinda umushyitsi cyangwa guhinduka kw'ijwi (Dysphonia)
• Kumva ububabare cyangwa kutamererwa neza iyo uri kumira cyangwa uvuga
• Kubabara mu muhogo cyangwa inkorora
• Kugorwa no kumira (Dysphagia)
• Kugorwa no guhumeka (Dyspnea)

Niba ufite ibimenyetso nk'ibi, ni byiza gushaka inama kwa muganga.

Ni ibihe bizamini bikunze gukorwa kugira ngo harebwe ubuzima bw'ikibyimba?

Bitewe n'ibimenyetso byawe, ushobora gukenera kubonana n'inzobere kugira ngo bamenye indwara zifata glottis. Inzobere mu matwi, amazuru no mu muhogo (ENTs), abaganga b'indwara zo mu bwonko bavura indwara zo mu gace k'amajwi, n'abaganga b'indwara zo mu rurimi rw'imivugire (SLPs) b'inzobere muri ibi bashobora kugufasha.

Ibizamini bimwe na bimwe ushobora gushaka gukora:

• Ibizamini bikoresha kamera yihariye kugira ngo urebe neza glottis yawe. Ingero zirimo laryngoscopy na videostroboscopy.
• Ibizamini byo gupima kugira ngo harebwe niba hari ibitagenda neza mu miterere y'umubiri. Urugero, gupima CT scan (Computed Tomography Scan) cyangwa MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging).
• Ibizamini byo muri laboratwari kugira ngo harebwe niba hari ubwandu, nko gupima amaraso no gupima umuhogo.
• Gusuzuma icyitegererezo cy'ingingo kugira ngo harebwe niba hari ibimenyetso bya kanseri. Ibi byitwa biopsy.

Ni ubuhe buryo busanzwe bwo kuvura indwara zifitanye isano n'ibisebe?

Dore bumwe mu buryo busanzwe bwo kuvura:

• Imiti igabanya ubwandu n'ibibyimba, no kugabanya ububabare.
• Ubuvuzi bw'Ijwi .
• Kuruhuka ijwi (nta kuvuga cyangwa kuririmba).
• Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, kubagwa birakenewe .

Ni gute nakwitaho neza glottis yanjye? (Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka)

Kwita ku mavi yawe neza bivuze gufata ingamba zo kurinda imivugire yawe. Dore bimwe mu bintu ushobora gukora:

• Irinde kunywa itabi kandi ugabanye inzoga:Ingaruka zo kurwara kanseri y'umwijima ziyongera iyo umuntu anywa itabi kandi akanywa inzoga nyinshi. Kunywa itabi n'inzoga nabyo bishobora kumisha imitsi y'ijwi, bigatuma ishobora kwangirika cyane.
• Komeza kugira amazi: Kugumana amazi bivuze ko imitsi y'ijwi ryawe idakora cyane kugira ngo inyeganyege. Ibi bituma byoroha gukoresha ijwi ryawe kandi ntibigire ingaruka mbi ku kwangirika. Nanone, kugumana amazi bigira uruhare mu kugabanya ururenda rushobora kwibasira mu mitsi yawe, bigatuma byoroha kuyakura. Ibi bizagufasha kwirinda gukorora no gukuraho amazi mu muhogo. Inkorora si nziza ku mitsi y'ijwi ryawe.
• Irinde indwara zo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero: Fata ingamba zo kwirinda kurwara. Karaba intoki zawe kenshi, kandi wirinde abantu bafite ibicurane kugeza bakize.
• Irinde ibintu byangiza umuhogo wawe: Irinde ahantu hari ivumbi n'imiti myinshi uko bishoboka kose. Ibi bishobora kwangiza umuhogo wawe.
• Irinde kugabanya ijwi ryawe: Niba ijwi ryawe rituje cyangwa rikumva ridafite imbaraga, gerageza kutavuga igihe runaka. Niba ugishaka kuvuga, ariko ukaba ushaka kuruhuka ijwi ryawe, koresha mikoro.

Nubwo ijambo "agasanduku k'ijwi" rishobora kumvikana nk'aho ari ryoroshye, mu by'ukuri agace k'imikaya (larynx) kawe ni imiterere igoye ifite ibice byinshi, harimo n'udusimba. Kumenya ubwivumbure bwawe bishobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa neza uburyo imikaya yawe ikora. Bishobora kandi kugufasha kuyitaho neza. Nubwo ubwivumbure bwawe ari agace gato k'umuhogo wawe, aka gatsiko gato kagira uruhare runini mu kugufasha guhumeka, kuvuga, no guhanga ijwi ryawe ryihariye. Rero, ni ngombwa kuryitaho!

Glottis , imitsi y'ijwi, ijwi, imihogo, guhumeka, indwara zo mu muhogo, agasanduku k'ijwi