Ese wigeze ufata raporo y'isuzuma ry'amaraso, ukareba amagambo ariho, maze ukibaza uti "Iki ni iki?" Rimwe mu magambo ubona kuri ayo makuru ni hemoglobine. Nanone, A1C ni ikizamini wumva neza iyo uvuga kuri diyabete. Ibi byombi bitubwira byinshi ku buzima bw'umubiri wacu. Uyu munsi rero, turaganira kuri hemoglobine n'ikizamini cya A1C mu buryo bworoshye cyane ushobora gusobanukirwa.
Mu by'ukuri hemoglobine ni iki?
Muri make, hemoglobin ni poroteyine idasanzwe iboneka mu turemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso. Ni nk'aho 'serivisi yo gutanga' ikora mu mibiri yacu.
Inshingano yayo nyamukuru ni ugukusanya ogisijeni yinjira mu bihaha iyo duhumeka ikayigeza mu ngingo zose z'umubiri. Itwara kandi dioxyde de carbone ikorerwa muri izo ngingo ikayisubiza mu bihaha kugira ngo isohoke iyo dusohora umwuka. Iyi hemoglobin niyo ituma amaraso yacu aba ibara ritukura.
Molekile ya hemoglobine igizwe n'iminyururu ine ya poroteyine. Buri munyururu ufite igice cyitwa 'heme' kirimo icyuma. Molekile za ogisijeni ziza zigafata kuri iki gice kirimo icyuma. Ibi bivuze ko niba umubiri wawe udafite icyuma gihagije, umubiri wawe ntuzaba ushobora gukora hemoglobine ihagije. Hanyuma ubushobozi bwo gutwara ogisijeni mu mubiri wose buzagabanuka.
Igipimo cya hemoglobin kiri hasi n'ikirenze bivuze iki?
Ingano ya hemoglobine umubiri wacu ukeneye iterwa n'ibintu byinshi, harimo imyaka, igitsina, n'ubuzima muri rusange. Urugero, abantu batuye mu turere tw'imisozi miremire, ni ukuvuga mu misozi miremire, bafite hemoglobine iri hejuru gato ugereranyije n'abatuye hafi y'inyanja.
Hemoglobini ipimwa muri garama kuri desilita imwe (gm/dL). Ingano zisanzwe z'ubuzima bwiza ni izi zikurikira:
- Abagabo: 14.0 kugeza 17.5 g/dL
- Abagore: 12.3 kugeza 15.3 gm/dL
Noneho reka turebe uko bigenda niba izi nzego zihindutse.
| Imiterere | Impamvu n'ibimenyetso |
|---|---|
| Hemoglobini nkeya | Ubusanzwe iyi ndwara tuyita anemia . Hari impamvu nyinshi z'ingenzi zibitera:
Ibimenyetso by'ingenzi: umunaniro uhoraho, uburibwe, umunaniro, kubabara mu gituza, isereri. |
| Hemoglobini nyinshi | Ibi bikunze kubaho bitewe n'uko umwuka wa ogisijeni ugabanuka igihe kirekire mu mubiri (hypoxia). Bishobora guterwa na:
Ibimenyetso by'ingenzi: kuribwa umutwe, kutabona neza, isereri, uduheri ku ruhu, ibyago byo kubyimba amaraso. |
Icy'ingenzi: Niba urugero rwa hemoglobine yawe ruri hasi cyangwa ruri hejuru kuri raporo, ntugatinye, ahubwo reba muganga wawe kugira ngo amenye impamvu nyayo.
Noneho reka tuvuge ku ikizamini cya A1C.
Iyo tuvuze ku byerekeye hemoglobine, kimwe mu bizamini by'ingenzi bifitanye isano na yo ni HbA1c, cyangwa nkuko twese tubizi, ikizamini cya A1C. Iki ni ikizamini cy'ingenzi cyo gusuzuma Diyabete Mellitus no kureba uburyo umuntu urwaye diyabete yifata neza indwara ye.
Ikizamini cya A1C kitubwira iki?
Tekereza ku mpuzandengo y'umukinnyi wa cricket mu gihe cy'umwaka wose. Ntushobora kumenya niba ari umukinnyi mwiza cyangwa atari we ukurikije amanota atsinda mu mukino umwe. Ariko urebye mpuzandengo ye mu mwaka wose w'imikino, ushobora gusobanukirwa neza ubuhanga bwe.
Ikizamini cya A1C gisa n'icyo. Aho kureba urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe ku munsi umwe, iki kizamini kigaragaza uko urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe rwari rumeze mu mezi 2-3 ashize .
Ibi bikora bite?
Isukari (glucose) mu maraso yacu ifatana na hemoglobine iri mu turemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso. Uko isukari igenda yiyongera mu maraso, ni ko isukari ifatana na hemoglobine nayo iriyongera. Kubera ko igihe cy’ubuzima bw’uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso ari amezi agera kuri 3, iki kizamini gitanga ishusho nziza y’ikigereranyo cy’isukari mu maraso yawe mu mezi 3 ashize.
Urwego rwa A1C n'icyo rusobanura
Ibisubizo bya A1C bitangwa nk'ijanisha (%). Dore icyo ibyo bisubizo bisobanura.
| Ijanisha rya A1C (%) | Ubusobanuro |
|---|---|
| Munsi ya 5.6% | Ibisanzwe - Ntabwo urwaye diyabete. |
| Kuva kuri 5.7% kugeza kuri 6.4% | Prediabetes - Uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara diyabete. Uyu ni umuburo! |
| 6.5% cyangwa birenga | Diyabete - Byemejwe ko urwaye diyabete. |
Ni ryari urugero rwa A1C rugira akaga?
Niba urugero rwawe rwa A1C ruri hejuru ya 9%, ni indwara iteje akaga cyane . Bivuze ko diyabete yawe idashoboye kugenzurwa na gato. Ibi byongera cyane ibyago bikomeye byo kugira ingorane nko kutabona neza, impyiko zinanirwa gukora neza, kwangirika kw'imitsi (diabete neuropathy), indwara z'umutima, no gucika intege kw'imitsi.
Ni gute wagenzura urugero rwa A1C na hemoglobine?
Mu gihe uvura izi ndwara zombi, ni ngombwa kumenya impamvu nyamukuru. Muganga wawe azagukorera ibizamini bikenewe kandi aguhe uburyo bwo kuvura bukwiye.
Niba hemoglobine iri hasi:
Kurya ibiryo bikungahaye kuri fer ni ingenzi cyane.
- Heme Iron: Inyama z'inka, inkoko, amafi (urugero: tuna), isambaza, n'izindi nyama.
- Ubutare butari ubwa heme mu biribwa by'ibimera: epinari, lentile, ubunyobwa, soya, amateke, imizabibu, imbuto z'ibihaza.
- Inama y'ingenzi: Iyo uriye ibiryo bikungahaye kuri feri hamwe n'ibiryo bikungahaye kuri vitamine C (indimu, amacunga, tangerines, inyanya, guava), umubiri urushaho kwinjiza feri neza.
Niba urwego rwa A1C ruri hejuru:
Muri rusange, abaganga basaba abantu barwaye diyabete kugumana urugero rwabo rwa A1C ruri munsi ya 7%. Kugira ngo ubigereho:
- Kugenzura indyo: Kugenzura ibiryo birimo isukari (karubohidrati) (umuceri, umugati, ibirayi, ibintu biryoshye). Kurya indyo yuzuye. Kureka burundu ibinyobwa birimo isukari.
- Imyitozo ngororamubiri:Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri iringaniye, nko kugenda n'amaguru, nibura iminota 30 buri munsi. Imyitozo ngororamubiri yongera ubushobozi bw'umubiri bwo gukoresha insuline.
- Imiti: Ni ngombwa gufata imiti wahawe na muganga ku gihe gikwiye kandi mu gipimo gikwiye.
Wibuke ko utagerageza gukora ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose wenyine. Vugana na muganga wawe ku mpinduka zose ugize ku mibereho yawe n'imirire yawe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Hemoglobini ni poroteyine iboneka mu turemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso itwara ogisijeni mu mibiri yacu yose.
- Urugero rwa hemoglobine ruri hasi cyangwa ruri hejuru rushobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'amaraso make, bityo ni ngombwa gushaka inama kwa muganga.
- Ikizamini cya A1C kigaragaza ikigereranyo cy'isukari mu maraso yawe mu mezi 2-3 ashize.
- Niba igipimo cya A1C kiri hagati ya 5.7% - 6.4%, kiba ari mbere y'isukari. Niba ari 6.5% cyangwa hejuru, kiba ari diyabete.
- Indyo nziza, imyitozo ngororamubiri, n'imiti muganga wawe yagutegetse bishobora gufasha mu kubungabunga urugero rwiza rwa hemoglobine na A1C.
- Niba ufite ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose ku bisubizo by'amaraso yawe, ntutindiganye kubaza muganga wawe.
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