Ese hari igihe wumva umeze utyo? Urimo kuganira, ariko amagambo asa n'aho adasobanutse, cyangwa wenda uhora wongera ijwi kuri televiziyo. Wenda ugomba gusaba abantu gusubiramo kenshi kurusha uko wabikoraga mbere. Ibi si ibintu bito gusa; bishobora kuba ibimenyetso bya mbere byo kubura amatwi. Nyamuneka ntukabirengagize cyangwa ngo utekereze ko ari ibintu bisanzwe mu gusaza. Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bweruye. Mu kumenya impamvu hakiri kare no gutangira ubuvuzi bukwiye, ushobora gukomeza kugirana isano n'amajwi meza y'isi ikukikije.
Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'indwara yo kutumva?
Gutakaza amatwi bishobora kubaho mu buryo butunguranye cyangwa bigatera imbere buhoro buhoro uko igihe kigenda gihita. Akenshi, ikimenyetso cya mbere ni uko imvugo isa n'aho idasobanutse neza—hafi nka radiyo ifite ikimenyetso kibi, aho amagambo asa n'aho adasobanutse neza cyangwa ari kure.
Uretse iki kimenyetso cy'ibanze, bitewe n'impamvu nyamukuru, ushobora no guhura n'ibi bikurikira:
- Kubabara mu matwi amwe cyangwa yombi.
- Kumva umeze nk'ufite isereri cyangwa ukumva udakora neza, bizwi nka vertigo .
- Urusaku rudashira, urusaku rwo gucura, cyangwa urusaku rwo gucura mu matwi yawe, ruzwi nka tinnitus mu buvuzi.
- Ukumva ufite igitutu cyangwa wuzuye mu matwi yawe.
Abantu benshi bafite ikibazo cyo kutumva batangira kwitandukanya n'abandi. Ibi bikunze kubaho kubera ko bumva bafite isoni zo guhora babaza bati “Wavuze iki?” cyangwa batinya ko bashobora kumva nabi ikiganiro bagatanga igisubizo kitari cyo.
Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kumva bipimwa gute?
Kugira ngo amenye ingano y'ububabare bwo kutumva kwawe, muganga wawe ashobora kukwohereza mu isuzuma ryihariye ryo kumva ryitwa audiogram . Iki kizamini gipima ubukana bw'amajwi ushobora kumva. Ubukana bupimirwa muri desibeli (dB) . Urwego rw'amatwi yawe rugenwa n'ijwi rituje cyane ushobora kubona.
Mu magambo yoroshye, bikora gutya:
| Urwego rwo kumva | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Ibisanzwe (0-20 dB) | Ubushobozi bwo kumva amajwi yoroshye cyane, nk'amajwi yo guhumeka (10 dB). |
| Iciriritse (21-40 dB) | Kugorwa no kumva amajwi yoroshye, cyane cyane iyo umuntu avugira kure. |
| Iringaniye (41-55 dB) | Kugorwa no kumva imvugo mu gihe cy'ibiganiro bisanzwe. |
| Ubukana buri hagati (56-70 dB) | Imvugo igomba kuba ikomeye kugira ngo uyumve. |
| Bikabije (71-90 dB) | Ushobora kumva gusa imvugo ivugiwe n'urusaku, nubwo urusaku rwinshi rw'ibidukikije nk'amakamyo cyangwa indege rwumvikana. |
| Ikomeye (>90 dB) | Imvugo ntiyoroshye kumva; amajwi akomeye cyane ni yo yumvikana gusa. |
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bw'indwara yo kutumva?
Hari ubwoko butatu bw'ingenzi bw'indwara yo kutumva:
Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kumva bukoresha amashanyarazi
Ibi bibaho iyo hari imbogamizi mu nzira amajwi anyuramo, nko mu gutwi ko hanze, mu gutwi kw'amatwi , cyangwa mu gutwi ko hagati. Tekereza nk'umuvuduko w'imodoka; amajwi ntashobora kugera mu gutwi ko imbere. Impamvu zirimo kwibumbira mu matwi, kwandura kw'amatwi bigatera amazi kwibumbira, cyangwa kwangirika kw'amatwi.
Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kumva
Ubu ni bwo bwoko bukunze kugaragara cyane. Buterwa no kwangirika k'uturemangingo tw'umusatsi tworoshye mu gutwi imbere dufata amajwi, cyangwa kwangirika k'imitsi yo kumva cyangwa ibice by'ubwonko bifitanye isano no kumva. Ibi bishobora guterwa no gusaza, kugaragara mu rusaku rwinshi, cyangwa indwara zimwe na zimwe.
Utumva dutandukanye
Nk'uko izina ribigaragaza, iki ni uruvange rw'ububabare bwo kumva butuma ijwi rigenda neza ndetse n'ubwo kumva. Ibi bivuze ko hari ikibazo mu nzira yo gusohora ijwi ndetse no mu gutwi cyangwa imitsi. Bishobora guterwa n'ihungabana ryo mu mutwe, indwara zidakira, cyangwa imiterere y'uturemangingo.
Impamvu zikunze gutera ububabare bwo kutumva
Kugira ngo dusobanukirwe uburyo kubura amatwi bibaho, reka turebe uko twumva: Imiraba y'amajwi yinjira mu gutwi kw'inyuma igatuma umugongo w'amatwi n'amagufwa mato yo mu gutwi ko hagati bihinda . Uku kuhinda kw'amajwi kunyura muri cochlea , imiterere y'imbere mu gutwi yuzuyemo amazi. Uko amazi agenda, uturemangingo duto tw'ubwoya ibihumbi duhindura uku kunyura mu bimenyetso by'imitsi , ubwonko bugasobanura nk'amajwi.
Iyo hari igice cy'iyi gahunda kibangamiwe, habaho gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kumva. Impamvu z'ingenzi zirimo:
- Gusaza: Uko dusaza, ibice by'ugutwi bitakaza ubushobozi bwo koroherana, kandi uturemangingo tw'umusatsi tworoshye dushobora kwangirika, bigatuma bigoye gutunganya amajwi.
- Urusaku Rurerure: Kumara igihe kirekire ureba urusaku rwinshi—nk'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi, indege, cyangwa kumva umuziki ku ijwi rirenga ukoresheje ecouteur—bishobora kwangiza uturemangingo tw'ubwoya bw'imbere mu matwi.
- Indwara zo mu matwi: Izi zishobora gutuma amazi yirundanya mu gutwi ko hagati. Nubwo akenshi biba iby'igihe gito, kubyirengagiza bishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye kandi by'igihe kirekire.
- Udusimba tw’amatwi dufite imyobo: Kwandura indwara, urusaku rwinshi, imvune, cyangwa impinduka z’umuvuduko (nk’igihe uri mu ndege cyangwa uri mu mazi yo mu bwoko bwa scuba) bishobora gutuma utwo dusimba tw’amatwi ducika.
- Cholesteatoma: Iyi ni ikura ry'uturemangingo tw'uruhu mu gutwi ko hagati, akenshi duterwa no gukura kw'amatwi. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, ishobora gukura no kwangiza amagufwa mato yo mu gutwi ko hagati, bigatuma umuntu atabasha kumva neza.
- Indwara: Indwara nk'iseru, mumps, cyangwa meningitis zishobora gutera ububabare bwo kutumva.
- Indwara ya Meniere:Indwara y'imbere mu gutwi irangwa n'ibimenyetso nka: vertigo, guhindagurika kw'amatwi, tinnitus, no kumva byuzuye mu gutwi.
- Ibibyimba: Ibibyimba nk'ibicurane by'amajwi cyangwa paraganglioma bishobora gutera ububabare bwo kutumva no kugira ibisebe mu maso.
- Imiti: Imiti imwe n'imwe igabanya ubukana bw'ibiyobyabwenge, aspirine nyinshi, cyangwa imiti igabanya ubukana bw'imiti ishobora kwangiza amatwi. Buri gihe ganira na muganga wawe ku miti yawe.
- Genetike: Hari ubwoko bumwe bw'indwara z'uruhererekane zishobora gutuma abantu batakaza ubushobozi bwo kumva.
- Indwara zo mu bwikora: Indwara nka Lupus cyangwa Rumatizime zishobora kugira ingaruka ku kutumva rimwe na rimwe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Witondere niba ubonye impinduka mu kumva kwawe, nko kugorwa no kumva amagambo cyangwa gukenera kongera ijwi.
- Ntugatinye; hita ubonana na muganga wawe kugira ngo akuganirize.
- Hari impamvu nyinshi zitera ububabare bwo kutumva, kandi kumenya impamvu nyayo bituma ubuvuzi burushaho kugira akamaro.
- Rinda amatwi yawe urusaku rwinshi, haba mu rugo cyangwa mu kazi.
- Niba ubabara mu matwi, ukumva nabi mu buryo butunguranye, cyangwa ukumva wuzuwe mu matwi, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga vuba. Hari igihe ibi bishobora kuba ikibazo cyihutirwa cy’ubuvuzi.
Kubura amatwi, ibimenyetso, ubuvuzi bw'amajwi, tinnitus, vertigo, audiogram, eardrum, cochlea, inzobere mu by'indwara zo mu bwonko
