Kanseri y'uruhu idafite poliposis (HNPCC) ni iki? Ese hari amateka y'indwara ya kanseri mu muryango wawe?

Hari igihe tubona abantu benshi bo mu muryango umwe barwara kanseri imwe. Cyangwa bivugwa ko abantu bo mu muryango umwe bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara iyi ndwara. Ibyo nibyo tugiye kuvugaho uyu munsi. Nubwo iyi ngingo igoye, reka tugerageze kubyumva mu buryo bworoshye.

HNPCC na Lynch Syndrome ni iki?

Mu magambo make, HNPCC (Heroditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer) ni ubwoko bwa kanseri y’inkondo y’umura iterwa n’impinduka mu miterere y’uturemangingo. Ibi biterwa nuko hari imiterere y’uturemangingo dukomoka ku babyeyi bacu ituma dushobora kurwara uturemangingo twa kanseri.

Ushobora kuba warumvise indwara ya Lynch, yitwa kandi Lynch syndrome . HNPCC na Lynch syndrome mu by'ukuri bifitanye isano, ariko ntabwo ari bimwe neza. By'umwihariko, HNPCC tuvuga kanseri ifitanye isano na Lynch syndrome ifatwa mbere y'imyaka 50. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo kanseri y'amara gusa, ahubwo harimo na kanseri yo mu gice cy'umura (endometrium), amara mato, ureter, n'impyiko. Muri HNPCC, kanseri ikunze kugaragara iburyo bw'amara .

HNPCC ikunze kugaragara gute?

HNPCC ifata hagati ya 2% na 4% bya kanseri zose zo mu mara. Ishobora kubaho mu myaka iyo ari yo yose, ariko ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara kandi iyi ndwara iramenyekana mbere y'imyaka 50.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya HNPCC?

Mu ntangiriro, HNPCC ishobora kutagira ibimenyetso. Ibi bivuze ko kanseri ishobora gukura mu mubiri wawe nta kintu na kimwe wumva. Ariko uko kanseri igenda ikura, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso nka:

• Kubabara mu gifu cyangwa kubyimba inda.
• Ibiryo nta buryohe bwabyo.
• Amaraso mu musego. (Iki ni ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cyane, ntukirengagize!)
• Kumva unaniwe igihe cyose (Umunaniro).
• Kugabanya ibiro nta mpamvu igaragara.

Ni izihe mpamvu zitera HNPCC?

Nkuko twabivuze mbere, HNPCC iterwa n'impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo zikomoka ku babyeyi bacu. Iyo ubu busembwa bw'ngirabuzimafatizo buhererekanywa kuva ku gisekuru kugeza ku kindi, ibyago byo kurwara kanseri biriyongera muri uwo muryango. Ibi tubyita 'syndrome y'umuryango ya kanseri'.

Indwara nyamukuru ya kanseri yo mu muryango itera HNPCC ni Lynch syndrome . Iterwa n'impinduka mu turemangingo MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, na EPCAM . Inshingano z'utu turemangingo ni ugukosora amakosa abaho mu gihe cyo kwiyongera kwa ADN iyo uturemangingo twacu twigabanyijemo ibice. Tekereza, niba utu turemangingo tudakora neza, ayo makosa ntabwo akosorwa. Hanyuma amahirwe yo kuba uturemangingo dusanzwe tuba uturemangingo twa kanseri aba menshi cyane.

Ese HNPCC yandura?

Oya, HNPCC si indwara yandura. Ibi bivuze ko idakwirakwira mu muntu umwe ijya ku wundi binyuze mu gukorakora cyangwa kwitsamura. Ariko, ihinduka ry’uturemangingo ritera HNPCC rihererekanywa kuva ku gisekuru kugeza ku kindi . Kubwibyo, abantu benshi bo mu miryango ifite iyi mpinduka mu turemangingo bashobora kurwara kanseri y’amara cyangwa izindi kanseri zifitanye isano na Lynch syndrome.

Icy'ingenzi ni uko iyi gene ifite inenge hamwe n'ibyago byo kurwara HNPCC bishobora kuragwa n'ababyeyi ku bana.

Ni gute abaganga basuzuma kanseri y'amara?

Ubusanzwe abaganga bakora isuzuma ry’umubiri kugira ngo barebe niba nta kanseri y’amara. Hanyuma babagira inama yo gukora colonoscopy , aho bashyiramo umuyoboro muto uca mu kibuno kugira ngo basuzume imbere mu kiraro cyawe.

Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite HNPCC, ugomba kubimenyesha muganga wawe . Ni ingenzi cyane.

Ni ibihe bizamini bikorwa kugira ngo byemezwe HNPCC?

Muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gupima imiterere y’uturemangingo kugira ngo hamenyekane niba ufite ihinduka ry’uturemangingo rijyanye na Lynch syndrome. Muganga wawe azakubaza kandi ibi bikurikira:

• Hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe wa hafi (mama, so, abavandimwe) wigeze arwara kanseri y'amara? Cyane cyane iyo yayimenye mbere y'imyaka 50.
• Binatuma utagira indi ndwara ya kanseri y’amara uvukana yitwa Familyal Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) , iterwa n’impinduka mu miterere y’uturemangingo itandukanye na HNPCC.

Ese kubagwa ni ngombwa kuri HNPCC?

Yego, HNPCC ikunze kuvurwa no kubagwa. Ubu buryo bwo kubaga bwitwa colectomy . Bukubiyemo gukuraho igice cyangwa amara manini yose. Hariho ubwoko butandukanye bwo kubaga:

• Gucibwa igice cy’umura cyangwa gucibwa igice cy’umura: Muri ibi, igice cy’umura urimo kanseri ni cyo cyonyine gikurwaho.
• Gukuraho agakoko gatera indwara: Ibi bikubiyemo gukuraho agace k'amara n'agace k'inyuma.
• Gukuraho burundu uruhu: Muri ibi, urura rwose rurakurwaho.

Ni ubuhe buryo bundi bwo kuvura HNPCC buhari?

Niba kanseri y'amara yakwirakwiriye (yarahindutse) mu bindi bice by'umubiri, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kuvura indwara nk'izi:

• Ubwivumbure: Ibi bikubiyemo gutanga imiti yo gusenya uturemangingo twa kanseri.
• Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri: Ibi bikubiyemo gukangura ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wacu kugira ngo burwanye uturemangingo twa kanseri.

Abaganga bakunze gukunda ubuvuzi bw’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri kuko akenshi bugira ingaruka nziza kandi bugira ingaruka nke.

Ese HNPCC ishobora kwirindwa?

Izi ndwara za kanseri zo mu muryango ziterwa n’impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo z’umubiri. Kubwibyo, nta buryo bwo gukumira izi mpinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo . Ariko, niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite indwara ya Lynch syndrome cyangwa HNPCC, ni ngombwa cyane kuvugana na muganga wawe niba nawe ukwiye gupimwa ngirabuzimafatizo.

Gusuzuma buri gihe, ndetse no kubagwa mu buryo bwo kwirinda bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo gupfa ku bantu barwaye HNPCC.

Namenya nte ko mfite ibyago byo kurwara HNPCC?

Niba ibizamini by’uturemangingo byemeza ko ufite ihinduka ry’uturemangingo rijyanye na Lynch syndrome, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gupimwa kanseri y’inkondo y’umura guhera mu myaka ya za 20. Iyo kanseri igaragaye hakiri kare, amahirwe yo kuvurwa neza aba menshi cyane.

Niba mfite HNPCC, ni iki kindi nkwiye kwitega?

Niba urwaye HNPCC, ushobora kuba uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara izindi kanseri zijyanye na HNPCC. Bityo rero, muganga wawe ashobora no kugusuzuma buri gihe ubwoko bw'izi kanseri:

• Kanseri y'ubwonko
• Kanseri y'impyiko
• Kanseri y'umwijima
• Kanseri y'intanga ngore
• Kanseri y'igifu
• Kanseri y'uruhu
• Kanseri y'umura/Endometrial

Ese HNPCC ishobora gukira?

Indwara ya Lynch ntishobora gukira burundu kuko ari indwara iterwa n’uturemangingo. Ariko, kubagwa kugira ngo hakorweho urura rwose (colectomy total) bishobora kuvura HNPCC no gukumira kanseri y’amara .

Ni iki giteganyijwe ku bantu barwaye HNPCC?

Abantu bagera kuri 60% basanzwemo HNPCC baracyariho nyuma y'imyaka itanu . Ibyo bivuze ko abarwayi 60 ku 100 bakiriho nyuma y'imyaka itanu basanzwemo HNPCC. Igipimo rusange cy'imyaka 10 ku bantu barwaye indwara ya Lynch kiri hagati ya 70% na 88%. Iyi mibare ishobora gusa n'iteye ubwoba, ariko ibuka ko iyo iyi ndwara ibonetse hakiri kare kandi igavurwa neza, ishobora kugenzurwa ahanini .

Nakwiyitaho nte mu gihe mfite HNPCC?

Niba ufite ibimenyetso bishya bya kanseri y'inkondo y'umura, bwira muganga wawe vuba . Kugira ngo wirinde kanseri y'inkondo y'umura, ushobora gukora ibi bikurikira:

• Irinde kunywa itabi.
• Kurya indyo yuzuye.
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe.
• Shaka isuzuma ryose rya kanseri ryatanzwe na muganga wawe.
• Gabanya kunywa inzoga.
• Komeza kugira ibiro bizima.

Ese umwana wanjye ashobora kurwara HNPCC?

Niba ufite indwara ya Lynch syndrome, umwana wawe afite amahirwe angana na 50% yo kurwara indwara ya gene imutation iyitera. Ibi bivuze ko niba ufite abana babiri, umwe ashobora kurwara iyo gene undi ntayiragire. Iyo iyo ndwara ya gene irazwe, uwo mwana afite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara HNPCC.

Ese kanseri y'amara ya FAP na HNPCC ni imwe?

HNPCC na FAP (Familial Adenomatous Polyposis) zombi ni kanseri y’uturemangingo tw’amara, ariko ziterwa n’impinduka mu turemangingo dutandukanye .

Abantu barwaye FAP bakuramo polyps nyinshi mu mara yabo. Hari igihe haba hari ibihumbi by'utu tunyangingo twitwa polyps. Ariko, abantu barwaye HNPCC ntibakuramo polyps nyinshi, kandi rimwe na rimwe kanseri ishobora kurwara nta polyps ifite. Polyps zikura muri HNPCC akenshi ziba zitameze neza.

Polyps zivuka muri izi ndwara zombi zifatwa nk'izitari kanseri , bivuze ko zishobora guhinduka kanseri mu gihe gito.

Ibintu by'ingenzi tugomba kwibuka muri iyi nkuru ni

Kanseri y’umura w’inda iterwa n’ubusembwa bw’uturemangingo (HNPCC) ni ubwoko bwa kanseri y’umura w’inda iterwa n’ubusembwa bw’uturemangingo buhererekanwa mu bisekuru. Ifitanye isano kandi n’indwara ya Lynch.

• Niba hari amateka y'umuryango wa kanseri, ni ngombwa cyane kubivuganaho na muganga wawe.
• Nubwo udafite ibimenyetso, niba uri mu kaga , jya wisuzumisha buri gihe.
• Iyo igaragaye hakiri kare, ubuvuzi bushobora kugira icyo bugeraho.
• HNPCC si indwara yandura, ariko ishobora kuragwa mu buryo bw'uturemangingo.
• Ni ingenzi cyane kubaho ubuzima bwiza no gukurikiza inama z'abaganga.

Niba ufite ikindi kibazo kuri ibi, ntutinye kubaza muganga wawe. Bazagufasha.

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