Ese nawe ufite cholesterol nyinshi? Ese ukeneye gufata imiti? (Cholesterol nyinshi) Reka tuganire!

Ese ikizamini cy'amaraso yawe cyagaragaje ko ufite cholesterol nyinshi? Ugomba kuba waragize ubwoba gato ubwo wayibonaga. Ushobora kuba waratekereje uti 'Noneho, ngomba gufata imiti ubuzima bwanjye bwose?' Ariko ntugahangayike. Si buri wese usanzwe arwaye cholesterol nyinshi ugomba gutangira gufata imiti ako kanya. Hari igihe, iyi ndwara ishobora kugenzurwa hakoreshejwe indyo yuzuye no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri. Niba ukeneye imiti cyangwa utayikeneye biterwa n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange n'ibyago byawe byo kurwara indwara z'umutima.

Kolesteroli ni iki mu by'ukuri?

Muri make, cholesterol ni ikintu gifite amavuta menshi kiboneka mu maraso yacu. Ni ingenzi ku bintu byinshi mu mibiri yacu, harimo no kubaka uturemangingo no gukora imisemburo. Ariko ikibazo gitangira iyo iki gipimo cya cholesterol kirenze urugero.

Iyo ibi bibaye, iyi cholesterol yiyongereye itangira kwirundanya mu nkuta z'imitsi yacu y'amaraso. Ni nk'ingese ziyongera mu muyoboro w'amazi. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, izi mfuruka (twita 'plaque') zituma imbere mu mitsi y'amaraso ziba nto kandi zikomeye. Ibi bituma amaraso atembera mu mutima no mu bwonko. Hari igihe amaraso afungana kuri izi mfuruka, zishobora gucika bigatuma umutima urwara cyangwa indwara yo gucika imitsi.

Ese hari ubwoko bwa cholesterol?

Yego, hari ubwoko bubiri bwa cholesterol tuvuga n'ubundi bwoko bw'ingenzi bw'ibinure.

• LDL (Lipoporoteyine yo hasi): Ibi ni byo twita "cholesterol mbi." Iyo ibi bipimo byiyongereye, bishobora kwirundanya mu mitsi y'amaraso, bigatera ibyago byavuzwe haruguru.
• HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein): Ibi tubyita "cholesterol nziza." Ibi biterwa nuko utu duce twa HDL dukura cholesterol mbi ya LDL mu mitsi ikayisubiza mu mwijima. Bityo, uko urugero rwa HDL rwiyongera, niko birushaho kuba byiza kuri twe.
• Triglycerides: Ubu ni ubundi bwoko bw'ibinure biboneka mu maraso. Uku ni ko tubika karori zirenzeho dufungura nk'ingufu. Ubwiyongere bwazo nabwo si bwiza ku mitsi y'amaraso.

Igipimo cy'amavuta meza ya cholesterol ni ikihe?

Gereranya ibi n'agaciro kari muri raporo y'amaraso yawe (raporo ya `Lipid Profile`). Ibi ni ibipimo muri rusange bifatwa nk'ibifite ubuzima bwiza.

Ni izihe mpamvu nyamukuru zitera cholesterol nyinshi?

Indwara za cholesterol nyinshi zishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bitewe n'impamvu yazo.

1. Indwara ya hypercholesterolemia yo mu muryango (FH)

Iyi ni indwara iterwa n’uturemangingo. Ni ukuvuga ko ikomoka ku babyeyi ku bana. Aba bantu bashobora kuba bafite urugero rwa cholesterol runini cyane rwa LDL kuva bakiri bato . Ibi bibashyira mu kaga ko kurwara indwara z’umutima bakiri bato.

Uburyo bwo kuvura: Nubwo guhindura imibereho (indyo irimo ibinure bike, imyitozo ngororamubiri) ari ingenzi ku bantu bafite iyi ndwara, imiti ikunze kuba ikenewe . Ubwoko bw'imiti ikoreshwa cyane ni `Statins`.

2. Kolesteroli nyinshi iterwa n'imibereho n'izindi ndwara (Kolesteroli nyinshi ya kabiri)

Ubu ni bwo bwoko bukunze kugaragara cyane. Buterwa na:

• Kurya ibiryo byinshi byatunganyijwe birimo ibinure byinshi byuzuye n'ibinure bya trans.
• Kudakora siporo no kubaho mu buzima bwo kwicara.
• Diyabete.
• Kunywa inzoga nyinshi.
• Indwara y'impyiko idakira.
• Kugabanuka k'imikorere ya tiroyide (Hypothyroidism).
• Imiti imwe n'imwe (urugero: steroides).

Uburyo bwo kuvura: Abaganga babanza kugira inama abantu nk'aba kugerageza kugenzura cholesterol yabo badakoresheje imiti bahindura imibereho yabo . Ibi bivuze guhindura indyo yuzuye umutima, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe , kureka kunywa itabi niba ufite umubyibuho ukabije, no kugabanya ibiro niba ufite umubyibuho ukabije. Niba ibi bintu bidatuma cholesterol yawe igabanuka, imiti ni yo ntambwe ikurikiraho.

Ni gute muganga agena niba agomba kumuha imiti cyangwa atayimuha?

Dore ikintu cy'ingenzi. Muganga wawe ntareba gusa imibare iri kuri raporo ya cholesterol yawe ngo afate icyemezo. Azakora isuzuma ryuzuye ry'ibyago by'umutima wawe muri rusange . Kugira ngo babare ibi byago, bazasuzuma ibintu byinshi birimo:

• Igipimo cyawe cyose cya cholesterol, LDL, na HDL
• Umuvuduko w'amaraso
• Imyaka
• Ubugore/Ubugabo
• Waba unywa itabi cyangwa utanywa
• Niba urwaye diyabete
• Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe wigeze kugira indwara y'umutima akiri muto (Amateka y'umuryango)

Ibi byose byongerwa hamwe kugira ngo harebwe ibyago byo kurwara indwara y'umutima mu myaka 10 iri imbere. Umwanzuro wo gutangira imiti cyangwa kutayitangira uterwa ahanini n'uru rwego rw'ibyago.

Urugero, niba urugero rwa LDL mu mubiri wawe ruri hejuru gato, ariko ibindi byose bikaba bimeze neza (utanywa itabi, ufite ibiro bizima, kandi udafite umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso), ushobora kugirwa inama yo guhindura imibereho yawe nta miti.

Bite se niba utazi neza ingaruka zishobora kubaho?

Hari igihe ingaruka zawe zishobora kuba hagati aho. Ibyo bivuze ko ingaruka zawe zitaba ziri hasi cyane cyangwa hejuru cyane. Muri ibyo bihe, hari ibindi bizamini byinshi bishobora kugufasha gufata icyemezo cyo gutangira imiti cyangwa kutayitangira. Muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama nibiba ngombwa.

• Gupima Kalisiyumu mu Mitsi y'umutima: Iyi ni scan yihariye ya CT. Ireba aho kalisiyumu iherereye mu mitsi y'umutima itanga amaraso mu mutima. Iyo mitsi igaragara bivuze ko imitsi y'amaraso iba yagabanutse gato, kandi ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima bikaba byinshi kuruta uko byari byitezwe.
• CRP yo mu bwoko bwa High-sensitivity (hs-CRP): Iki ni ikizamini cy'amaraso. Gipima urugero rw'ububyimbirwe mu mubiri. Iyo iki gipimo kiri hejuru, ni ikimenyetso cy'uko ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima byiyongera.

Ukurikije ibisubizo by'ibi bizamini, ushobora kumenya neza niba wakungukirwa cyane no gutangira imiti, cyangwa niba guhindura imibereho bihagije.